Swing的基本操作
作者：互联网
1 package GUI_experience;
2 import java.awt.*;
3 import java.awt.Container;
4 import java.awt.FlowLayout;
5 import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
6 import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
7 import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
8 import javax.swing.*;
9 import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;
10 import java.awt.event.FocusListener;
11 import java.net.*;
12 /**class myFrame extends Frame{
13 myFrame(String s){
14 super(s);
15 this.setBackground(Color.blue);
16 this.setSize(300,200);
17 this.setVisible(true);
18 }
19 public static void main(String []args){
20 myFrame mfr=new myFrame("First GUI project");
21 }
22 }*/
23
24 /**class MyFrame extends Frame{
25 static int id=0;
26 MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color myColor){
27 super("MyFrame first project "+(++id));
28 this.setBackground(myColor);
29 this.setBounds(x,y,w,h);
30 this.setLayout(null);
31 this.setVisible(true);
32 }
33 public static void main(String[]args){
34 MyFrame mf=new MyFrame(200,300,200,200,Color.gray);
35 }
36 }*/
37
38 /**
39 * 窗体示例JFrame
40 * 通常继承自JFrame类来使用而不是在类的main函数中创建一个JFrame对象
41 *
42 */
43 class Demo2 extends JFrame{
44 Demo2(){
45
46 setVisible(true);//Visible
47
48 setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//设置关闭按键，直接关闭
49 //setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);//关闭按键等于没用
50 //setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.HIDE_ON_CLOSE);//关闭但是不停止程序
51 //setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);//释放程序资源
52 setBounds(300,500,300,200);//Location and Size
53 //setSize(300,200);
54 //setLocation(300,500);
55 setTitle("This is a Frame.");
56
57 Container c = getContentPane();//获取窗体容器
58 c.setBackground(Color.white);
59 JLabel jl=new JLabel("Right here is a frame.");
60 c.add(jl);
61 // c.remove(jl);
62 c.validate();//验证容器中的组件，等于刷新一下
63 // f.setContentPane(c);//重新载入容器，与上式等效，但是上式更好
64 setResizable(false);
65 System.out.println(getX());
66 System.out.println(getY());
67 }
68
69 public static void main(String[] args) {
70 new Demo2();
71
72 }
73 }
74
75 /**
76 * JDialog对话框示例
77 *
78 */
79 class Demo3 extends JDialog{
80 Demo3(JFrame frame){//在对话框的参数列表中就要包含父窗体
81 super(frame,"Title of DIALOG",true);//父窗体对象，对话框标题，是否阻塞父窗体
82 Container c=getContentPane();
83 JLabel jl=new JLabel("这是一个标签");
84 jl.setForeground(Color.RED);//设置字体颜色为红色
85 //jl.setText("");更改标签内容
86 //jl.getText();获取标签内容
87 jl.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.BOLD,15));//设置字体
88 c.add(jl);//添加一段标签
89
90 JLabel pic=new JLabel("这是一个展示图片的标签");
91 // URL url=Demo3.class.getResource("pycharm_inter.png");//获取图片URL路径,要求图片和此文件在同一包内
92 // Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
93 Icon icon = new ImageIcon("src/GUI_experience/pycharm_inter.png");//直接写出图片相应路径也能得到图片
94 // jl.setSize(20,20);//设置标签大小并不能改变图片大小
95 pic.setIcon(icon);//添加图片
96 c.add(pic);
97 setBounds(100,100,500,400);
98
99 }
100
101 public static void main(String[] args) {
102 JFrame f =new JFrame("Father Frame");
103 f.setBounds(50,50,300,300);
104 Container c=f.getContentPane();
105 JButton btn =new JButton("Push out a DIALOG");
106 c.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
107 c.add(btn);
108 f.setVisible(true);
109 f.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
110 /**
111 * 重要部分：给按钮添加监听（使按钮生效）
112 *
113 */
114 btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
115 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
116 Demo3 d =new Demo3(f);
117 d.setVisible(true);//对话框最好在main中设置窗体可见
118 }
119 });
120 }
121
122 }
123
124 class Exp_absoluteLayout extends JFrame{
125 Exp_absoluteLayout(){
126 setBounds(300,300,200,150);
127 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
128 Container c = getContentPane();
129
130 c.setLayout(null);//布局参数设置为null即为绝对布局，此时组件大小和位置只由设定的坐标决定（与窗体大小无关）
131 JButton jb1 = new JButton("Button_1"), jb2 = new JButton("Button_2");
132 jb1.setBounds(10,30,120 ,30);
133 jb2.setBounds(60,70,100,20);
134 c.add(jb1);
135 c.add(jb2);
136
137 setVisible(true);
138
139
140 }
141 public static void main(String[] args) {
142 new Exp_absoluteLayout();
143 }
144 }
145
146 class Exp_FlowLayout extends JFrame{
147 Exp_FlowLayout(){
148 setVisible(true);
149 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
150 setBounds(300,300,200,150);
151
152 Container c = getContentPane();
153 for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
154 c.add(new JButton("Button_"+i));
155 }
156 // setLayout(new FlowLayout());//默认居中对齐
157 setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT,20,20));//设置为右对齐，水平间距20，竖直间距20
158 }
159
160 public static void main(String[] args) {
161 new Exp_FlowLayout();
162 }
163 }
164
165 class Exp_BorderLayout extends JFrame{
166 Exp_BorderLayout(){
167 setBounds(100,100,350,200);
168 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
169
170
171 Container c = getContentPane();
172 c.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
173 JButton jb1=new JButton("中"),
174 jb2=new JButton("东"),
175 jb3=new JButton("西"),
176 jb4=new JButton("南"),
177 jb5=new JButton("北");
178 c.add(jb1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
179 c.add(jb2,BorderLayout.EAST);
180 c.add(jb3,BorderLayout.WEST);
181 c.add(jb4,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
182 c.add(jb5,BorderLayout.NORTH);
183 c.setVisible(true);
184 setVisible(true);//tip:只有将设置可见性放在最后才能保证所有组件都可见
185 }
186
187 public static void main(String[] args) {
188 new Exp_BorderLayout();
189 }
190 }
191
192 class Exp_GridLayout extends JFrame{
193 Exp_GridLayout(){
194 setBounds(100,100,300,300);
195 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
196
197 Container c = getContentPane();
198 // c.setLayout(new GridLayout(7,3,5,5));//网格布局，7行3列，水平间距5，竖直间距5
199 c.setLayout(new GridLayout(6,4));//紧密无缝隙排列
200 for(int i=0;i<23;i++){//如果组件数量超过网格布局，每当不足时则多出一列
201 c.add(new JButton("Button_"+i));
202 }
203 setVisible(true);
204 }
205
206 public static void main(String[] args) {
207 new Exp_GridLayout();
208 }
209 }
210
211 class Exp_GridBagFLayout {
212 JFrame f = new JFrame();
213 Container c= f.getContentPane();
214
215 void createFrame(){
216 f.setSize(800,600);
217 f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
218 c.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
219 f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
220 }
221 void init(){
222 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
223 c.add(new JButton("Btn1"),g1);
224
225 GridBagConstraints g2 = new GridBagConstraints();
226 g2.gridx=1;
227 g2.gridy=1;
228 c.add(new JButton("Btn2"),g2);
229
230 GridBagConstraints g3 = new GridBagConstraints();
231 g3.gridx=2;
232 g3.gridy=2;
233 c.add(new JButton("Btn3"),g3);
234 }
235 void createButton(){
236 for(int i=0;i<9;i++){
237 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
238 g1.gridx=0;
239 g1.gridy=i;//标定位置（左上角）
240 c.add(new JButton("Btn"),g1);
241
242 GridBagConstraints g2 = new GridBagConstraints();
243 g2.gridx=i;
244 g2.gridy=0;
245 c.add(new JButton("Btn"),g2);
246 }
247 }
248
249 void init2(){
250 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
251 g1.gridx=1;
252 g1.gridy=1;
253 c.add(new JButton("Btn1"),g1);
254
255 GridBagConstraints g2 = new GridBagConstraints();
256 g2.gridx=2;
257 g2.gridy=2;
258 g2.gridwidth=2;
259 g2.gridheight=1;//占据位置：两行一列
260 c.add(new JButton("Btn2"),g2);
261
262 GridBagConstraints g3 = new GridBagConstraints();
263 g3.gridx=4;
264 g3.gridy=4;
265 g3.gridwidth=2;
266 g3.gridwidth=2;
267 c.add(new JButton("Btn3"),g3);
268 }
269 void init3(){
270 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
271 g1.gridx=1;
272 g1.gridy=1;
273 g1.gridwidth=2;
274 g1.gridheight=2;
275 g1.fill=GridBagConstraints.NONE;
276 c.add(new JButton("NONE"),g1);
277
278 GridBagConstraints g2 = new GridBagConstraints();
279 g2.gridx=3;
280 g2.gridy=1;
281 g2.gridheight=2;
282 g2.gridwidth=2;
283 g2.fill=GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;//填充方式：水平填充
284 c.add(new JButton("HORIZONTAL"),g2);
285
286 GridBagConstraints g3 = new GridBagConstraints();
287 g3.gridx=5;
288 g3.gridy=1;
289 g3.gridwidth=2;
290 g3.gridheight=2;
291 g3.fill=GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL;//填充方式：竖直填充
292 c.add(new JButton("VERTICAL"),g3);
293
294 GridBagConstraints g4 = new GridBagConstraints();
295 g4.gridx=7;
296 g4.gridy=1;
297 g4.gridwidth=2;
298 g4.gridheight=2;
299 g4.fill=GridBagConstraints.BOTH;//填充方式：完全填充
300 c.add(new JButton("BOTH"),g4);
301 }
302 void init4(){
303 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
304 g1.gridx=1;
305 g1.gridy=1;
306 g1.gridwidth=2;
307 g1.gridheight=2;
308 g1.fill=GridBagConstraints.NONE;
309 g1.anchor=GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;//占据方位：所占据区域的左上角（西北角）
310 c.add(new JButton("."),g1);
311 }
312 void init5(){
313 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
314 g1.gridx=1;
315 g1.gridy=1;
316 g1.gridwidth=2;
317 g1.gridheight=2;
318 g1.insets = new Insets(0,0,10,10);//偏移像素值
319 c.add(new JButton("."),g1);
320 }
321 void init6(){
322 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
323 g1.gridx=1;
324 g1.gridy=1;
325 g1.gridwidth=2;
326 g1.gridheight=2;
327 g1.ipadx=10;
328 g1.ipady=10;//首选位置
329 c.add(new JButton("NONE"),g1);
330 }
331 void init7(){
332 GridBagConstraints g1 = new GridBagConstraints();
333 g1.gridx=1;
334 g1.gridy=1;
335 g1.gridwidth=2;
336 g1.gridheight=2;
337 g1.weightx=10;
338 g1.weighty=10;//当窗体大小足够大时占据的空间（如果不够大则迁就窗体进行回缩
339 c.add(new JButton("NONE"),g1);
340 }
341 public static void main(String[] args) {
342 Exp_GridBagFLayout eg = new Exp_GridBagFLayout();
343 eg.createFrame();
344 eg.createButton();
345 eg.init7();
346 eg.f.setVisible(true);
347 }
348 }
349
350 class Demo4 extends JFrame{
351 Demo4(){
352 setBounds(100,100,190,120);
353 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
354 Container c = getContentPane();
355 c.setLayout(null);
356
357 JComboBox<String> cb = new JComboBox<String>();//建立下拉列表，可以使用泛型确定条目类型
358 cb.addItem("身份证");
359 cb.addItem("学生证");
360 cb.addItem("工作证");
361
362 String [] items = {"1","2","3"};//利用字符串数组创建下拉列表
363 JComboBox<String> cb2 = new JComboBox<>(items);
364
365 JComboBox<String> cb3 = new JComboBox<>();
366 String [] item = {"学生证","驾驶证","毕业证"};
367 ComboBoxModel cm = new DefaultComboBoxModel<>(item);//建立下拉列表模型并向其中加入元素
368 cb3.setModel(cm);//利用下拉列表模型创建下拉列表
369
370 cb3.setEditable(true);//设定下拉框中值可编辑
371 cb3.setBounds(10,10,80,21);
372 c.add(cb3);
373
374 JButton jb = new JButton("打印");
375 jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
376
377 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
378 System.out.println("索引："+cb3.getSelectedIndex());
379 System.out.println("值："+cb3.getSelectedItem());
380 }
381 });
382 jb.setBounds(100,10,60,20);
383 c.add(jb);
384
385
386 setVisible(true);
387 }
388
389 public static void main(String[] args) {
390 Demo4 d4 = new Demo4();
391 }
392
393 }
394
395 class Exp_Jlist extends JFrame{
396 Exp_Jlist(){
397 setBounds(100,100,217,167);
398 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
399
400 Container c = getContentPane();
401 c.setLayout(null);
402
403
404 String items [] ={"1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8"};
405 // JList<String> jl = new JList<>(items);
406
407 DefaultListModel<String> mod = new DefaultListModel<>();//创建数据模型
408 for(String tmp:items){
409 mod.addElement(tmp);//向数据模型中添加元素
410 }
411 mod.addElement("AnotherElem");
412 JList<String> jl = new JList<>();
413 jl.setModel(mod);//为创建的列表框提供模型，方便更改元素
414
415 // jl.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);//选择模式：只能选择1个元素
416 // jl.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION);//只能选择相邻元素
417 jl.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.MULTIPLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION);//选择不受限制(按ctrl)
418
419 JButton jb = new JButton("确认");
420 jb.setBounds(120,90,70,25);
421 jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
422 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
423 java.util.List<String> str = jl.getSelectedValuesList();//获取列表框中元素
424 for(String st:str){
425 System.out.println(st);
426 }
427 }
428 });
429 c.add(jb);
430
431 JScrollPane js = new JScrollPane(jl);//添加滚动条
432 js.setBounds(10,10,100,100);//如果添加了滚动条，列表框的大小由滚动条决定
433 c.add(js);
434 setVisible(true);
435 }
436
437 public static void main(String[] args) {
438 new Exp_Jlist();
439 }
440 }
441
442 class Exp_JTextField extends JFrame{
443 Exp_JTextField(){
444 setBounds(100,100,250,100);
445 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
446 Container c =getContentPane();
447 c.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
448
449 JTextField jt = new JTextField("aaa",20);//创建文本框，同时可以创建默认文本和长度
450 jt.setColumns(20);//也可以通过此方法设置长度
451 jt.setText("aaa");//也可以通过此方法设置文本
452 jt.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.PLAIN,20));//设置字体
453 c.add(jt);
454
455 JButton jb = new JButton("确认");
456 jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
457 @Override
458 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
459 System.out.println(jt.getText());//获取文本框中的文本
460 jt.setText("");//点击完按钮之后清空文本
461 jt.requestFocus();//获取光标
462 }
463 });
464 c.add(jb);
465 setVisible(true);
466 }
467
468 public static void main(String[] args) {
469 new Exp_JTextField();
470 }
471 }
472
473 class Exp_JPasswordField extends JFrame{
474 Exp_JPasswordField(){
475 setBounds(100,100,500,100);
476 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
477 Container c = getContentPane();
478 c.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
479
480 JPasswordField jp = new JPasswordField(20);
481 jp.setColumns(20);
482 jp.setFont(new Font("Arial",Font.BOLD,20));
483 jp.setEchoChar('*');//设置显式字符，默认为圆点
484 jp.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
485 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
486 char ch[] = jp.getPassword();//获取密码的字符数组
487 String str = new String (ch);
488 System.out.println(str);
489 }
490 });
491 c.add(jp);
492
493 setVisible(true);
494 }
495
496 public static void main(String[] args) {
497 new Exp_JPasswordField();
498 }
499 }
500
501 class Exp_JTextArea extends JFrame{
502 Exp_JTextArea(){
503 setBounds(100,100,400,400);
504 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
505 Container c = getContentPane();
506 c.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
507 JTextArea area = new JTextArea("这是一个文本域");//创建一个带默认文本的文本域，不同于文本框，文本域支持多行输入
508 area.setText("文本域");
509 area.setRows(5);//设定行
510 area.setColumns(20);//设定列数
511 area.append("添加内容");
512 area.insert("插入",3);
513 area.setFont(new Font("楷体",Font.PLAIN,20));
514
515 JScrollPane js = new JScrollPane(area);//给文本域提供滚动条
516 c.add(js);
517
518 setVisible(true);
519 }
520
521 public static void main(String[] args) {
522 new Exp_JTextArea();
523 }
524 }
525
526 class JustAExampleForActionListener extends JFrame{//动作事件监听器示例
527 JustAExampleForActionListener(){
528 setBounds(100,100,500,500);
529 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
530 Container c =getContentPane();
531
532 JTextField jt = new JTextField();
533 JLabel jl = new JLabel("这是一个标签");
534
535 JScrollPane js =new JScrollPane(jt);
536 js.setBounds(10,10,300,30);
537
538 jt.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
539 @Override
540 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
541 Object obj =actionEvent.getSource();//使用ActionEvent对象获取值
542 JTextField jtTmp = (JTextField)obj;
543 System.out.println(jtTmp.getText());
544 jl.setText("文本框单击了回车");
545 }
546 });
547
548 c.add(js);
549 c.add(jl);
550 setVisible(true);
551 }
552
553 public static void main(String[] args) {
554 new JustAExampleForActionListener();
555 }
556 }
557
558 class JustAnExampleForFocusListener extends JFrame{//焦点事件监听器示例
559 JustAnExampleForFocusListener(){
560 setBounds(100,100,500,400);
561 setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
562 Container c = getContentPane();
563 c.setLayout(null);
564
565 JTextField jt1 = new JTextField();
566 jt1.setBounds(10,10,60,20);
567
568 JTextField jt2 = new JTextField();
569 jt2.setBounds(10,60,60,20);
570
571 JTextField jt3 = new JTextField();
572 jt3.setBounds(10,110,60,20);
573
574 jt1.addFocusListener(new MyFocusListener() );
575 jt2.addFocusListener(new MyFocusListener() );
576 jt3.addFocusListener(new MyFocusListener() );
577 c.add(jt1);
578 c.add(jt2);
579 c.add(jt3);
580 setVisible(true);
581 }
582 class MyFocusListener implements FocusListener{//自定义的焦点事件监听类
583 public void focusGained(FocusEvent e){//得到焦点事件
584 JTextField jtTmp = (JTextField)e.getSource();//获取触发事件的组件
585 jtTmp.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.GREEN));//给得到焦点的文本框提供绿色边框
586 }
587 public void focusLost(FocusEvent e){//失去焦点事件
588 JTextField jtTmp = (JTextField)e.getSource();
589 jtTmp.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.red));
590 }
591 }
592
593 public static void main(String[] args) {
594 new JustAnExampleForFocusListener();
595 }
596 }
标签：setBounds,void,Swing,jl,new,基本操作,100,public 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/hfut-freshguy/p/11621890.html