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SnowFlake 生成全局唯一id

作者:互联网

public class SnowFlakeUtil {
    private long workerId;
    private long datacenterId;
    private long sequence = 0L;
    private long twepoch = 1288834974657L; // Thu, 04 Nov 2010 01:42:54 GMT 标记时间 用来计算偏移量,距离当前时间不同,得到的数据的位数也不同
    private long workerIdBits = 5L; // 物理节点ID长度
    private long datacenterIdBits = 5L; // 数据中心ID长度
    private long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits); // 最大支持机器节点数0~31,一共32个
    private long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits); // 最大支持数据中心节点数0~31,一共32个
    private long sequenceBits = 12L; // 序列号12位, 4095,同毫秒内生成不同id的最大个数
    private long workerIdShift = sequenceBits; // 机器节点左移12位
    private long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits; // 数据中心节点左移17位
    private long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits; // 时间毫秒数左移22位
    private long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits); // 用于和当前时间戳做比较,以获取最新时间
    private long lastTimestamp = -1L;

    /**
     * 成员类,SnowFlakeUtil的实例对象的保存域
     *
     */
    private static class IdGenHolder {
        private static final SnowFlakeUtil instance = new SnowFlakeUtil();
    }

    /**
     * 外部调用获取SnowFlakeUtil的实例对象,确保不可变
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public static SnowFlakeUtil get() {
        return IdGenHolder.instance;
    }

    /**
     * 初始化构造,无参构造有参函数,默认节点都是0
     */
    public SnowFlakeUtil() {
        this(0L, 0L);
    }

    /**
     * 设置机器节点和数据中心节点数,都是 0-31
     * 
     * @param workerId
     * @param datacenterId
     */
    public SnowFlakeUtil(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
        if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
        }
        if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
        }
        this.workerId = workerId;
        this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
    }

    /**
     * 线程安全的id生成方法
     * 
     * @return
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("all")
    public synchronized long nextId() {
        // 获取当前毫秒数
        long timestamp = timeGen();
        // 如果服务器时间有问题(时钟后退) 报错。
        if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
            throw new RuntimeException(String.format(
                    "Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
        }
        // 如果上次生成时间和当前时间相同,在同一毫秒内
        if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
            // sequence自增,因为sequence只有12bit,所以和sequenceMask相与一下,去掉高位
            sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
            // 判断是否溢出,也就是每毫秒内超过4095,当为4096时,与sequenceMask相与,sequence就等于0
            if (sequence == 0) {
                // 自旋等待到下一毫秒
                timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
            }
        } else {
            // 如果和上次生成时间不同,重置sequence,就是下一毫秒开始,sequence计数重新从0开始累加,每个毫秒时间内,都是从0开始计数,最大4095
            sequence = 0L;
        }
        lastTimestamp = timestamp;
        // 最后按照规则拼出ID 64位
        // 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000 00000 000000000000
        // 1位固定整数 time datacenterId workerId sequence
        return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift)
                | (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;
    }

    /**
     * 比较当前时间和过去时间,防止时钟回退(机器问题),保证给的都是最新时间/最大时间
     * 
     * @param lastTimestamp
     * @return
     */
    protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
        long timestamp = timeGen();
        while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
            timestamp = timeGen();
        }
        return timestamp;
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前的时间戳(毫秒)
     * 
     * @return
     */
    protected long timeGen() {
        return System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    /**
     * 获取全局唯一id
     */
    public static String getId() {
        Long id = SnowFlakeUtil.get().nextId();
        return id.toString();
    }

}

 

标签:sequence,timestamp,long,SnowFlake,datacenterId,毫秒,private,全局,id
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/last-xy/p/10760928.html