鸿蒙开发之网络框架搭建,MVP+Retrofit2+okhttp3+Rxjava2+RxHarmony
作者:互联网
抓住人生中的一分一秒,胜过虚度中的一月一年!
小做个动图开篇引题
鸿蒙背景
2020年9月10号,鸿蒙2.0(HarmonyOS 2.0)系统正式发布,鸿蒙2.0面向应用开发者发布Beta版本,在2020年9月10发布大屏,手表,车机版鸿蒙,2020年12月发布手机版鸿蒙。在2020年9月10日,鸿蒙开源路标面向内存128KB-128MB终端设备;2021年10月,将面向4GB以上所有设备。
前言
作为一个安卓开发者,能够看到属于国产的操作系统确实很兴奋,也许将来的某一天可能和
android
一战,但实际踩坑中发现,鸿蒙需要走的路很长,系统优化方面还有很多,和android
差距还是特别巨大的,入坑鸿蒙开发,可参考的东西少之有少,几乎为0,所以需要大家一起行动起来,互相分享,生态圈才能形成,给大家分享点自己的踩坑之路和成果。
一个
APP
的必须品肯定是网络访问,所以第一篇文章先搭建个网络框架供大家参考,可以更快的入手鸿蒙开发,鸿蒙支持java
开发,所以选择了Retrofit+okhttp
组合,下面给大家演示下如何封装使用,RxAndroid
不可用,需要改装成RxHarmony
,有人肯定想为何不封装携程+mvvm
,这个需要问官方是否支持
相关业务需求及解决方案 |
---|
一、 MVP+Retrofit2+okhttp3+Rxjava2+RxHarmony 框架基本搭建及使用 |
二、 BaseAbilitySlice ,BaseFraction 封装,搭配框架使用 |
三、 Retrofit 运行时动态改变BaseUrl 解决方案,及动态改变retrofit.create(cls) 的接口cls ,来实现组件化思想如android 的Arouter ,和鸿蒙服务的理念可分可合可流转多entry 包思想 |
四、 Retrofit ,Gson 解析,请求返回的类型不统一,假如double 返回的是null |
五、 Retrofit 实现cookie 自动化管理 |
六、 接口成功失败路由判断,处理格式异常情况,如code=1成功,data={},code=100,data=null |
七、 Retrofit 配置及各情况处理(缓存拦截、日志打印、替换接口内容、参数添加等) |
八、 Retrofit 文件上传(封装中有,暂未实践) |
九、 Retrofit 文件下载(封装中有,暂未实践) |
十、 后记 |
十一、 本文譩在一篇文章搞定所有,上述描述文章都有讲解 |
一、MVP+Retrofit2+Okhttp3+Rxjava2+RxHarmony框架基本搭建
1、我们需要依赖相关第三方库
networkDeps = [
"okhttp" : 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.2.2',
"retrofit" : 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.6.2',
"converter-gson" : 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.6.2',
"adapter-rxjava2" : 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:2.6.2',
"logging-interceptor": 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.12.0'
]
networkLibs = networkDeps.values()
######2、创建接口类ApiServer,定义接口方法
public interface ApiServer {
@FormUrlEncoded
@POST("/api/table_list/")
Observable<BaseModel<Object>> getCeShi(@FieldMap HashMap<String, String> params);
}
3、 上述1,2整理完毕,开始创建okhttp和Retrofit
public class ApiRetrofit {
private static ApiRetrofit mApiRetrofit;
private Retrofit retrofit;
private ApiServer apiServer;
private static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 15;
public static String mBaseUrl = BaseContent.baseUrl;
public ApiRetrofit() {
OkHttpClient.Builder httpClientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
httpClientBuilder
.cookieJar(new CookieManger(App.getContext()))
.connectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(mBaseUrl)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
//支持RxJava2
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
.client(httpClientBuilder.build())
.build();
apiServer = retrofit.create(ApiServer.class);
}
public static ApiRetrofit getInstance() {
if (mApiRetrofit == null) {
synchronized (Object.class) {
if (mApiRetrofit == null) {
mApiRetrofit = new ApiRetrofit();
}
}
}
return mApiRetrofit;
}
public ApiServer getApiService() {
return apiServer;
}
}
Retrofit和Okhttp搭配使用如上述内容所述,下边开始配合Rxjava使用
######4、 先封装个基本实体类BaseModle,下面会用到(准备工作)
封装理由:一个项目一般情况下json返回格式外层都是统一的
public class BaseModel<T> implements Serializable {
private String msg;
private int code;
private T data;
public BaseModel(int code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
}
5、 定义几个会用到的接口,来区分如网络开始,结束,进度条加载,错误码等(准备工作)
public interface BaseView {
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 接口开始情况 这时我们可以显示 菊花圈 或显示下载进度条
*-------------------------------------------*/
void showLoading(Boolean isShowProgress);
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 接口请求完毕 这时我们可以 将菊花圈隐藏掉 或下载进度条隐藏掉
*-------------------------------------------*/
void hideLoading();
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 返回 非定义的code状态码,和msg mType 区分异常时请求的接口是哪个
*-------------------------------------------*/
void one rrorState(BaseModel model, int mType);
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 如果是下载文件时,或上传文件, 此回调是 文件下载进度监听回调
*-------------------------------------------*/
void onProgress(int progress);
}
6、 BaseObserver封装,开始结合Rxjava使用,以下为订阅后回调代表含义,封装原因如下
1、onStart
为网络请求开始,我们可以将刚才创建的接口实现一下BaseView
中showLoading()
,用来代表网络开始的菊花框显示
2.onNext
为网络返回的内容,这时我们就可以将显示的菊花框关闭掉,BaseView
中hideLoading()
3、onError
为网络请求失败的返回状态,可以通过异常来区分网络失败原因,分析好的异常情况然后以接口形式回调出去,所以实现BaseView
中的onErrorState
方法,onErrorState(BaseModel model, int mType);
有人会问type
作用是什么,其实是用来区分请求的是哪个接口,因为所有失败异常我们统一回调一个方法,这样区分不出是哪个接口失败的,所以传入一个type值,然后再回传出去,可知哪个接口失败
4、onComplete
代表请求完毕,这里不做任何操作,关闭菊花圈已经在onNext
中回掉了,当然,你也可以在这里回调,但是存在一定体验问题,可以自行测试下
######说明:如下封装包含其他逻辑判断,在下边文章专题中进行讲解,无关方法可以忽略
public abstract class BaseObserver<T> extends DisposableObserver<BaseModel<T>> {
protected BaseView mView;
public static final int PARSE_ERROR = 10008;
public static final int BAD_NETWORK = 10007;
public static final int CONNECT_ERROR = 10006;
public static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 10005;
public static final int CONNECT_N = 10004;
//回传标识
private int mType = 0;
//true 展示进度条
private Boolean isShowProgress = false;
public BaseObserver(BaseView view) {
this.mView = view;
}
public BaseObserver(BaseView view, int mType) {
this.mView = view;
this.mType = mType;
}
public BaseObserver(BaseView view, Boolean isShowProgress) {
this.mView = view;
this.isShowProgress = isShowProgress;
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
if (mView != null) mView.showLoading(isShowProgress);
}
@Override
public void onNext(BaseModel<T> o) {
try {
if (mView != null) mView.hideLoading();
if (BaseContent.getIsTrueCode(o.getCode())) {
onSuccessResult(o);
} else {
one rrorResult(o);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void one rror(Throwable e) {
if (mView != null) mView.hideLoading();
if (e instanceof HttpException) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(BAD_NETWORK, "网络超时"));
} else if (e instanceof ConnectException ||
e instanceof UnknownHostException) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_ERROR, "连接错误"));
} else if (e instanceof InterruptedIOException) { // 连接超时
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_TIMEOUT, "连接超时"));
} else if (e instanceof JsonParseException
|| e instanceof ParseException) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(PARSE_ERROR, "数据解析失败"));
} else if (e instanceof ApiException) {
/***************************************************************
* 重点说一下此种情况:此类是接口返回内容不规范,开发中肯定会存在这样类似问题,虽不是前端问题,但前端也可以很好处理此类问题
* 假如正常情况 返回data为集合
* code:1
* msg:获取成功
* data[ 。。。]
*
* 当异常情况下,返回data:{}或者data:""
* code:0
* msg:获取失败
* data:{}或者data:""
*
* 这样我们定义好的类型Gson解析会失败,由于类型不统一,并报异常,发生此类情况,在不改动后台代码情况下,
* 一般通常我们会定义成object类型再手动解析,但这样很是麻烦,所以,可参考此种实现方式
*
* 实现原理:拦截gson解析,解析前一步,先解析一遍code,如果是定义正常的,继续向下解析,如果非正常情况,抛异常处理,
* 并且将接口返回的code,msg一并抛出,异常会在这里拦截!!!!
**************************************************************/
ApiException apiException = (ApiException) e;
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(apiException.getErrorCode(), apiException.getMessage()));
} else {
if (e != null) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_N, e.toString()));
} else {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_N, "未知错误"));
}
}
}
private void onSuccessResult(BaseModel<T> o) {
onSuccess(o);
}
private void one rrorResult(BaseModel<T> o) {
if (mView != null) mView.onErrorState(o, mType);
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
}
public abstract void onSuccess(BaseModel<T> o);
}
Rxjava
逻辑如上,下边开始讲解如何将Retrofit
,okhttp
,Rxjava
,RxHarmony
连贯起来使用
7、 BasePresenter封装
当我们使用Rxjava
的subscribe
订阅后,网络会立即触发,但是在请求中UI
层destroy
了怎么办,不及时取消订阅,可能会造成内存泄漏,这时候CompositeDisposable
开始上场了,它可以对我们订阅的请求进行统一管理。
大致三步走:
1、在UI
层创建的时候(比如onCreate
之类的),实例化CompositeDisposable
;
2、把subscribe
订阅返回的Disposable
对象加入管理器;
3、UI
销毁时清空订阅的对象。
我们将其封装到P层
public class BasePresenter<V extends BaseView> {
private CompositeDisposable compositeDisposable;
public V baseView;
public BasePresenter(V baseView) {
this.baseView = baseView;
}
/**
* 解除绑定
*/
public void detachView() {
baseView = null;
removeDisposable();
}
public V getBaseView() {
return baseView;
}
public void addDisposable(Observable<?> observable, BaseObserver observer) {
if (compositeDisposable == null) {
compositeDisposable = new CompositeDisposable();
}
compositeDisposable.add(observable.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(HmOSSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribeWith(observer));
}
public void addDisposable(Observable<?> observable, DisposableObserver observer) {
if (compositeDisposable == null) {
compositeDisposable = new CompositeDisposable();
}
compositeDisposable.add(observable.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(HmOSSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribeWith(observer));
}
public void addFileDisposable(Observable<?> observable, FileObserver observer) {
if (compositeDisposable == null) {
compositeDisposable = new CompositeDisposable();
}
compositeDisposable.add(observable.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(HmOSSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribeWith(observer));
}
public void removeDisposable() {
if (compositeDisposable != null) {
compositeDisposable.dispose();
}
}
}
8、 这时候Rxjava
是在子线程中执行,需要将返回结果回调到主线程,rxandroid
负责此任务,然而鸿蒙无法使用rxandroid
,因为android
通知类方法handler
,鸿蒙的是EventHandler
,所以方法不一样不可以使用,需要根据rxandroid
原理,重写改装成RxHarmony
,如下改装三个类,不由官方维护,目前正常使用
HmOSSchedulers类
public final class HmOSSchedulers {
private static final class MainHolder {
static final Scheduler DEFAULT = new HandlerScheduler(new EventHandler(EventRunner.getMainEventRunner() ));
}
private static final Scheduler MAIN_THREAD = RxHmOSPlugins.initMainThreadScheduler(
new Callable<Scheduler>() {
@Override public Scheduler call() throws Exception {
return MainHolder.DEFAULT;
}
});
public static Scheduler mainThread() {
return RxHmOSPlugins.onMainThreadScheduler(MAIN_THREAD);
}
public static Scheduler from(EventRunner eventRunner) {
if (eventRunner == null) throw new NullPointerException("eventRunner == null");
return new HandlerScheduler(new EventHandler(eventRunner));
}
private HmOSSchedulers() {
throw new AssertionError("No instances.");
}
}
HandlerScheduler类
final class HandlerScheduler extends Scheduler {
private final EventHandler handler;
HandlerScheduler(EventHandler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
@Override
public Disposable scheduleDirect(Runnable run, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
if (run == null) throw new NullPointerException("run == null");
if (unit == null) throw new NullPointerException("unit == null");
run = RxJavaPlugins.onSchedule(run);
ScheduledRunnable scheduled = new ScheduledRunnable(handler, run);
handler.postTask(scheduled, unit.toMillis(delay));
return scheduled;
}
@Override
public Worker createWorker() {
return new HandlerWorker(handler);
}
private static final class HandlerWorker extends Worker {
private final EventHandler handler;
private volatile boolean disposed;
HandlerWorker(EventHandler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
@Override
public Disposable schedule(Runnable run, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
if (run == null) throw new NullPointerException("run == null");
if (unit == null) throw new NullPointerException("unit == null");
if (disposed) {
return Disposables.disposed();
}
run = RxJavaPlugins.onSchedule(run);
ScheduledRunnable scheduled = new ScheduledRunnable(handler, run);
handler.postTask(scheduled, unit.toMillis(delay));
if (disposed) {
handler.removeAllEvent();
return Disposables.disposed();
}
return scheduled;
}
@Override
public void dispose() {
disposed = true;
handler.removeAllEvent();
}
@Override
public boolean isDisposed() {
return disposed;
}
}
private static final class ScheduledRunnable implements Runnable, Disposable {
private final EventHandler handler;
private final Runnable delegate;
private volatile boolean disposed;
ScheduledRunnable(EventHandler handler, Runnable delegate) {
this.handler = handler;
this.delegate = delegate;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
delegate.run();
} catch (Throwable t) {
RxJavaPlugins.onError(t);
}
}
@Override
public void dispose() {
disposed = true;
handler.removeAllEvent();
}
@Override
public boolean isDisposed() {
return disposed;
}
}
}
RxHmOSPlugins类
public final class RxHmOSPlugins {
private static volatile Function<Callable<Scheduler>, Scheduler> onInitMainThreadHandler;
private static volatile Function<Scheduler, Scheduler> onMainThreadHandler;
public static void setInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler(Function<Callable<Scheduler>, Scheduler> handler) {
onInitMainThreadHandler = handler;
}
public static Scheduler initMainThreadScheduler(Callable<Scheduler> scheduler) {
if (scheduler == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("scheduler == null");
}
Function<Callable<Scheduler>, Scheduler> f = onInitMainThreadHandler;
if (f == null) {
return callRequireNonNull(scheduler);
}
return applyRequireNonNull(f, scheduler);
}
public static void setMainThreadSchedulerHandler(Function<Scheduler, Scheduler> handler) {
onMainThreadHandler = handler;
}
public static Scheduler onMainThreadScheduler(Scheduler scheduler) {
if (scheduler == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("scheduler == null");
}
Function<Scheduler, Scheduler> f = onMainThreadHandler;
if (f == null) {
return scheduler;
}
return apply(f, scheduler);
}
public static Function<Callable<Scheduler>, Scheduler> getInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler() {
return onInitMainThreadHandler;
}
public static Function<Scheduler, Scheduler> getOnMainThreadSchedulerHandler() {
return onMainThreadHandler;
}
public static void reset() {
setInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler(null);
setMainThreadSchedulerHandler(null);
}
static Scheduler callRequireNonNull(Callable<Scheduler> s) {
try {
Scheduler scheduler = s.call();
if (scheduler == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("Scheduler Callable returned null");
}
return scheduler;
} catch (Throwable ex) {
throw Exceptions.propagate(ex);
}
}
static Scheduler applyRequireNonNull(Function<Callable<Scheduler>, Scheduler> f, Callable<Scheduler> s) {
Scheduler scheduler = apply(f,s);
if (scheduler == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("Scheduler Callable returned null");
}
return scheduler;
}
static <T, R> R apply(Function<T, R> f, T t) {
try {
return f.apply(t);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
throw Exceptions.propagate(ex);
}
}
private RxHmOSPlugins() {
throw new AssertionError("No instances.");
}
}
相关逻辑已封装完毕,下面看下如何使用
9、 接口请求三步骤,第一步骤写个接口,用来回调数据,如定义MainView
,并继承BaseView
public interface MainView extends BaseView {
void onTextSuccess(BaseModel<TextBean> o);
}
10、 接口请求三步骤,第二步骤p
层,继承BasePresenter
,串联okhttp
,Retrofit
,Rxjava
public class MainPresenter extends BasePresenter<MainView> {
public MainPresenter(MainView baseView) {
super(baseView);
}
public void getTextApi() {
HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("type", "junshi");
params.put("key", "2c1cb93f8c7430a754bc3ad62e0fac06");
addDisposable(apiServer.getText(params), new BaseObserver(baseView) {
@Override
public void onSuccess(BaseModel o) {
baseView.onTextSuccess((BaseModel<TextBean>) o);
}
@Override
public void one rror(String msg) {
if (baseView != null) {
baseView.showError(msg);
}
}
});
}
}
11、 在AbilitySlice
中进行网络请求案例如下,当然,现在页面回调这么多东西,很不美观,就会想到j将无关方法放到基类,会引发Base
->AbilitySlice
,Fraction
写法,请看第二部分内容,BaseAbilitySlice
,BaseFraction
封装
public class TextSlice extends BaseAbilitySlice<MainPresenter>{
@Override
public int getUIContent() {
return ResourceTable.Layout_slice_collection;
}
@Override
public void initComponent() {
MainPresenter presenter = new MainPresenter(this);
//网络请求
presenter.getTextApi();
}
@Override
public void showLoading(Boolean isShowProgress) {
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 接口开始情况 这时我们可以显示 菊花圈 或显示下载进度条
*-------------------------------------------*/
}
@Override
public void hideLoading() {
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 接口请求完毕 这时我们可以 将菊花圈隐藏掉 或下载进度条隐藏掉
*-------------------------------------------*/
}
@Override
public void onProgress(int progress) {
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 如果是下载文件时,或上传文件, 此回调是 文件下载进度监听回调
*-------------------------------------------*/
}
@Override
public void one rrorState(BaseModel model, int mType) {
/**--------------------------------------------*
* 返回 非定义的code状态码,和msg mType 区分异常时请求的接口是哪个
*-------------------------------------------*/
}
}
二、BaseAbilitySlice,BaseFraction封装,搭配框架使用
1、 BaseAbilitySlice封装
public abstract class BaseAbilitySlice<P extends BasePresenter> extends AbilitySlice implements BaseView {
protected P mPresenter;
public abstract int getUIContent();
public abstract void initComponent();
protected abstract P createPresenter();
public Context mContext;
public Intent intent;
@Override
protected void onStart(Intent intent) {
super.onStart(intent);
this.intent = intent;
mContext = this;
mPresenter = createPresenter();
beforsetUIContent();
super.setUIContent(getUIContent());
this.initComponent();
}
public String getString(int resId) {
try {
return getResourceManager().getElement(resId).getString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
public int getColor(int colorId) {
try {
return getResourceManager().getElement(colorId).getColor();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 0;
}
public FractionManager getFractionManager() {
Ability ability = getAbility();
if (ability instanceof FractionAbility) {
FractionAbility fractionAbility = (FractionAbility) ability;
return fractionAbility.getFractionManager();
}
return null;
}
public P getPresenter() {
return mPresenter;
}
public void beforsetUIContent() {
}
@Override
public void showLoading(Boolean isShowProgress) {
}
@Override
public void hideLoading() {
}
@Override
public void onProgress(int progress) {
}
@Override
public void one rrorState(BaseModel model, int mType) {
if (!BaseContent.getIsTrueCode(model.getCode())) {
Toast.show(mContext, model.getMsg());
}
}
}
2、 BaseFraction封装
public abstract class BaseFraction<P extends BasePresenter> extends Fraction implements BaseView {
protected P mPresenter;
protected Component mComponentView;
public abstract int getUIContent();
protected abstract P createPresenter();
public abstract void initComponent();
public abstract void initData();
public Context mContext;
@Override
protected Component onComponentAttached(LayoutScatter scatter, ComponentContainer container, Intent intent) {
mComponentView = scatter.parse(getUIContent(), container, false);
mContext = getFractionAbility();
mPresenter = createPresenter();
initComponent();
initData();
return mComponentView;
}
@Override
protected void onStart(Intent intent) {
super.onStart(intent);
}
@Override
protected void onActive() {
super.onActive();
}
@Override
protected void onForeground(Intent intent) {
super.onForeground(intent);
}
public String getString(int resId) {
try {
return getFractionAbility().getResourceManager().getElement(resId).getString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
public int getColor(int colorId) {
try {
return getFractionAbility().getResourceManager().getElement(colorId).getColor();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 0;
}
@Override
public void showLoading(Boolean isShowProgress) {
}
@Override
public void hideLoading() {
}
@Override
public void one rrorState(BaseModel model, int mType) {
if (!BaseContent.getIsTrueCode(model.getCode())) {
Toast.show(mContext, model.getMsg());
}
}
@Override
public void onProgress(int progress) {
}
}
注:显示dialog方法可以直接放到base里显示,这样每个页面就不用每次重写了
3、 演示页面请求
public class TextSlice extends BaseAbilitySlice<MainPresenter> implements MainView {
@Override
protected MainPresenter createPresenter() {
return new MainPresenter(this);
}
@Override
public int getUIContent() {
return ResourceTable.Layout_slice_collection;
}
@Override
public void initComponent() {
//网络请求
mPresenter.getTextApi();
}
@Override
public void onTextSuccess(BaseModel<TextBean> o) {
//我是网络请求成功后的结果
}
}
三、Retrofit运行时动态改变BaseUrl解决方案,及动态改变retrofit.create(cls)的接口cls,来实现组件化思想如android的Arouter,和鸿蒙服务的理念可分可合可流转多entry包思想
下面分为俩个部分来讲解对应实现原理,3.1:动态修改BaseUrl 3.2:动态修改retrofit.create(cls)的接口cls
3.1、Retrofit运行时动态改变BaseUrl解决方案
3.1.1、出现此类问题场景
在项目开发中涉及到多个BaseUrl
,但在我们使用Retrofit开发时可能会遇到多BaseUrl
不是很好处理情况,下面来讲解下我的处理方案,原理很简单
3.1.2、第一种解决方案
简单粗暴解决方案,利用Retrofit
请求优先级,因为Retrofit
支持全路径,比如
@GET("http://www.baidu.com")
Observable<Object> getApi(@Path("param") String param);
再比如
@GET
Observable<Object> getApi(@Url String fileUrl, @Query("param")String param);
3.1.3、第二种解决方案
Retrofit
默认只能设置一个BaseUrl
,没有提供其Api
去修改,所以我们只能通过其他方案去实现,网上也有很多介绍的,但尝试用了下感觉很不理想,于是自己稍加封装了下,思路其实简单。
思路:一个Retrofit
只能设置一个BaseUrl
,我们可以创建多个Retrofit
不就可以了吗?个接口创建一个,再通过用完再销毁思想,这样也可以,但是不是很理想,我们可以再转换思想,有几个BaseUrl
创建几个,问这样不会造成内存开销?答案是不会的,项目中BaseUrl
不会出现N
多个,所以不必考虑这个问题
代码实现:在代码设计时可以尽可能去优化,所以当我们用到此BaseUrl
时,再去创建,用不到不创建,这样便会出现个问题,怎样知道我应该使用哪个Retrofit
和Retrofit
怎么去保存等问题,本人思路是创建成功便添加到集合缓存下载,使用的时候去比对集合中BaseUrl
和当前是否匹配,如果一致从集合中获取,如果不一致去创建新的,如果使用没有传入BaseUrl
便用默认的,实现代码如下
3.1.4、一般创建Retrofit方法
public class ApiRetrofit {
private static ApiRetrofit mApiRetrofit;
private Retrofit retrofit;
private ApiServer apiServer;
public static String mBaseUrl = BaseContent.baseUrl;
public ApiRetrofit() {
OkHttpClient.Builder httpClientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
httpClientBuilder
.connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.retryOnConnectionFailure(true);//错误重联
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(mBaseUrl )
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
.client(httpClientBuilder.build())
.build();
apiServer = retrofit.create(ApiServer.class);
}
public static ApiRetrofit getInstance() {
if (mApiRetrofit == null) {
synchronized (Object.class) {
if (mApiRetrofit == null) {
mApiRetrofit = new ApiRetrofit();
}
}
}
return mApiRetrofit;
}
}
3.1.5、对创建Retrofit稍加封装
新建保存对象的集合
private static List<Retrofit> mRetrofitList = new ArrayList<>();
private static List<ApiRetrofit> mApiRetrofitList = new ArrayList<>();
修改创建时候的逻辑,如果请求接口时传入BaseUrl
,检测BaseUrl
是否为空,如果为空使用默认接口,如果不为空,再从缓存的Retrofit
中查找是否已经才创建过了,如果创建了用缓存的,如果没有创建则创建
注:这块可以用正则检查下传入的url
是否为正规的域名,再做下判断
//创建Retrofit代码中加入
apiServer = retrofit.create(ApiServer.class);
mRetrofitList.add(retrofit);
public static ApiRetrofit getInstance() {
mBaseUrl = BaseContent.baseUrl;
int mIndex = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < mRetrofitList.size(); i++) {
if (BaseContent.baseUrl.equals(mRetrofitList.get(i).baseUrl().toString())) {
mIndex = i;
break;
}
}
//新的baseUrl
if (mIndex == -1) {
synchronized (Object.class) {
mApiRetrofit = new ApiRetrofit();
mApiRetrofitList.add(mApiRetrofit);
return mApiRetrofit;
}
} else {
//以前已经创建过的baseUrl
return mApiRetrofitList.get(mIndex);
}
}
public static ApiRetrofit getInstance(String baseUrl) {
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(baseUrl)) {
mBaseUrl = baseUrl;
} else {
mBaseUrl = BaseContent.baseUrl;
}
int mIndex = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < mRetrofitList.size(); i++) {
if (baseUrl.equals(mRetrofitList.get(i).baseUrl().toString())) {
mIndex = i;
break;
}
}
//新的baseUrl
if (mIndex == -1) {
synchronized (Object.class) {
mApiRetrofit = new ApiRetrofit();
mApiRetrofitList.add(mApiRetrofit);
return mApiRetrofit;
}
} else {
//以前已经创建过的baseUrl
return mApiRetrofitList.get(mIndex);
}
}
3.1.6、使用时写法
地址可以写成常量
ApiRetrofit.getInstance("http://www.baidu.com/").getApiService().getCeShi(params)
3.2、态改变retrofit.create(cls)的接口cls,组件化思想很有必要
3.2.1、当我们搭建组件化后,立马会想到每个组件用一个接口类,或者搭建组件化时,每个模块用一个接口类,这种需求肯定会存在,看如何来封装(其中包含文件下载拦截器拦截逻辑,和添加请求头等逻辑,可参考,可忽略)
public class ApiRetrofit {
private static Retrofit retrofit;
private Gson gson;
private static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 135;
private static List<Retrofit> mRetrofitList = new ArrayList<>();
public static String mBaseUrl = BaseContent.getBaseUrl();
private static BaseView mBaseView = null;
private static volatile Type mType = Type.BASE;
public enum Type {
FILE,
BASE,
BASE_URL,
}
public Type getType() {
return mType;
}
public static void setType(Type type) {
mType = type;
}
/**
* 文件处理
*
* @param httpClientBuilder
*/
public void initFileClient(OkHttpClient.Builder httpClientBuilder) {
/**
* 处理文件下载进度展示所需
*/
httpClientBuilder.addNetworkInterceptor(new ProgressInterceptor());
}
/**
* 默认所需
*
* @param httpClientBuilder
*/
public void initDefaultClient(OkHttpClient.Builder httpClientBuilder) {
/**
* 处理一些识别识别不了 ipv6手机,如小米 实现方案 将ipv6与ipv4置换位置,首先用ipv4解析
*/
// httpClientBuilder.dns(new ApiDns());
/**
* 添加cookie管理
* 方法1:第三方框架
*/
PersistentCookieJar cookieJar = new PersistentCookieJar(new SetCookieCache(),
new SharedPrefsCookiePersistor(app));
httpClientBuilder.cookieJar(cookieJar);
/**
* 添加cookie管理
* 方法2:手动封装cookie管理
*/
// httpClientBuilder.cookieJar(new CookieManger(BaseApp.getContent()));
/**
* 添加日志拦截 实现方式1 上下俩种二者选其一即可
*/
// httpClientBuilder.addInterceptor(new JournalInterceptor());
/**
* 添加日志拦截 实现方式2 上下俩种二者选其一即可
*/
HttpLoggingInterceptor logInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor(new HttpLogger());
logInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
httpClientBuilder.addInterceptor(logInterceptor);
/**
* 添加请求头
*/
// httpClientBuilder.addInterceptor(new HeadUrlInterceptor());
/**
* 忽略证书
*/
// httpClientBuilder.hostnameVerifier(new AllowAllHostnameVerifier());
}
public ApiRetrofit() {
OkHttpClient.Builder httpClientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
httpClientBuilder
.connectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.retryOnConnectionFailure(true);//错误重联
switch (getType()) {
case FILE:
initFileClient(httpClientBuilder);
break;
case BASE:
case BASE_URL:
initDefaultClient(httpClientBuilder);
break;
}
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(mBaseUrl)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(buildGson()))
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
.client(httpClientBuilder.build())
.build();
mRetrofitList.add(retrofit);
}
/**
* 增加后台返回""和"null"的处理,如果后台返回格式正常
* 1.int=>0
* 2.double=>0.00
* 3.long=>0L
* 4.String=>""
*
* @return
*/
public Gson buildGson() {
if (gson == null) {
gson = new GsonBuilder()
.registerTypeAdapter(Integer.class, new IntegerDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(int.class, new IntegerDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(Double.class, new DoubleDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(double.class, new DoubleDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(Long.class, new LongDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(long.class, new LongDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(String.class, new StringNullAdapter())
.create();
}
return gson;
}
private static <T> T create(Class<T> cls, String baseUrl) {
mBaseUrl = baseUrl;
if (retrofit == null) {
new ApiRetrofit();
} else {
initRetrofit();
}
T t = retrofit.create(cls);
return t;
}
private static void initRetrofit() {
int mIndex = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < mRetrofitList.size(); i++) {
if (mBaseUrl.equals(mRetrofitList.get(i).baseUrl().toString())) {
mIndex = i;
break;
}
}
//新的baseUrl
if (mIndex == -1) {
synchronized (Object.class) {
new ApiRetrofit();
}
} else {
//已经创建过的baseUrl
retrofit = mRetrofitList.get(mIndex);
}
}
/**
* 默认使用方式
*
* @return
*/
public static <T> T getInstance(Class<T> cls) {
setType(Type.BASE);
mBaseView = null;
return create(cls, BaseContent.getBaseUrl());
}
/**
* 文件下载使用方式
*
* @param baseView
* @return
*/
public static <T> T getFileInstance(Class<T> cls, BaseView baseView) {
setType(Type.FILE);
mBaseView = baseView;
return create(cls, BaseContent.getBaseUrl() + "file/");
}
/**
* 动态改变baseUrl使用方式
*
* @param baseUrl
* @return
*/
public static <T> T getBaseUrlInstance(Class<T> cls, String baseUrl) {
setType(Type.BASE_URL);
mBaseView = null;
return create(cls, baseUrl);
}
}
######3.2.2、使用时写法
ApiRetrofit.getBaseUrlInstance(LiveApiServer.class, "http://www.baidu.com/").getCeShi(params)
ApiRetrofit.getInstance(LiveApiServer.class).getCeShi(params)
四、Retrofit,Gson解析,请求返回的类型不统一,假如double返回的是null 现实开发中,往往会遇到后台返回数据格式不规范情况,比如前端字段原本定义为int
类型,而数据返回为空,如果用Gson
解析会导致解析失败,比如字段定义为double
类型,而返回的格式为字符串null
,导致解析失败等等(只在后台返回数据格式不规范情况下出现,如果后台返回格式规范并不用考虑此问题)
1、 实现目标
1、格式化数据不规范【格式化int
类型数据】
2、格式化数据不规范【格式化Long
类型数据】
3、格式化数据不规范【格式化Double
类型数据】
4、格式化数据不规范【格式化String
类型数据】
5、格式化数据不规范【格式化Null
类型数据】
2、 添加格式化工具方法到Gson解析中
if (gson == null) {
gson = new GsonBuilder()
.registerTypeAdapter(Integer.class, new IntegerDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(int.class, new IntegerDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(Double.class, new DoubleDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(double.class, new DoubleDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(Long.class, new LongDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(long.class, new LongDefaultAdapter())
.registerTypeAdapter(String.class, new StringNullAdapter())
.create();
}
return gson;
}
public ApiRetrofit() {
OkHttpClient.Builder httpClientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
httpClientBuilder
.connectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.retryOnConnectionFailure(true);//错误重联
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(BASE_SERVER_URL)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(buildGson()))//添加json转换框架buildGson()根据需求添加
//支持RxJava2
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
.client(httpClientBuilder.build())
.build();
apiServer = retrofit.create(ApiServer.class);
}
3、 对double类型处理,返回“”,或“null”,动态更改为默认值0.00,新建DoubleDefaultAdapter类
public class DoubleDefault0Adapter implements JsonSerializer<Double>, JsonDeserializer<Double> {
@Override
public Double deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context) throws JsonParseException {
try {
if (json.getAsString().equals("") || json.getAsString().equals("null")) {//定义为double类型,如果后台返回""或者null,则返回0.00
return 0.00;
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
try {
return json.getAsDouble();
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new JsonSyntaxException(e);
}
}
@Override
public JsonElement serialize(Double src, Type typeOfSrc, JsonSerializationContext context) {
return new JsonPrimitive(src);
}
}
4、 对int类型处理,返回“”,或“null”,动态更改为默认值0,新建DoubleDefaultAdapter类
public class IntegerDefaultAdapter implements JsonSerializer<Integer>, JsonDeserializer<Integer> {
@Override
public Integer deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context)
throws JsonParseException {
try {
if (json.getAsString().equals("") || json.getAsString().equals("null")) {//定义为int类型,如果后台返回""或者null,则返回0
return 0;
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
try {
return json.getAsInt();
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new JsonSyntaxException(e);
}
}
@Override
public JsonElement serialize(Integer src, Type typeOfSrc, JsonSerializationContext context) {
return new JsonPrimitive(src);
}
}
5、 对Long类型处理,返回“”,或“null”,动态更改为默认值0,新建DoubleDefaultAdapter类
public class LongDefault0Adapter implements JsonSerializer<Long>, JsonDeserializer<Long> {
@Override
public Long deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context)
throws JsonParseException {
try {
if (json.getAsString().equals("") || json.getAsString().equals("null")) {//定义为long类型,如果后台返回""或者null,则返回0
return 0l;
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
try {
return json.getAsLong();
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new JsonSyntaxException(e);
}
}
@Override
public JsonElement serialize(Long src, Type typeOfSrc, JsonSerializationContext context) {
return new JsonPrimitive(src);
}
}
5、 重点说一下String类型
根据上边其他类型处理代码可以看出,String
也就是把上述类中代码改成String
就可以了,答案是可以的,如下,处理的内容为如果服务器返回字符串类型null
,我们将其格式化成“”,空类型,但是我们为什么不直接写,请往下看
public class StringDefaultConverter implements JsonSerializer<String>, JsonDeserializer<String> {
@Override
public String deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context) throws JsonParseException {
try {
if (json.getAsString().equals("null")) {
return "";
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
try {
return json.getAsJsonPrimitive().getAsString();
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new JsonSyntaxException(e);
}
}
@Override
public JsonElement serialize(String src, Type typeOfSrc, JsonSerializationContext context) {
return new JsonPrimitive(src);
}
}
但是有种比较常见的不规范数据返回,为null
,不是字符串的"null",是这个null
,如果返回null
,会进入到上边这个类吗,经过测试,返回null
的直接跳过,所以出现了个问题,null
到底是什么类型?
通过读源码可知,我们可以自定义TypeAdapter
,将其放入facotries
中,并且gson
在解析json
时使用对应的TypeAdapter
来的,而我们手动添加的TypeAdapter
会优先于预设的TypeAdapter
被使用。
于是乎找到了一种其他方法来解决这个问题
新建个类来集成TypeAdapter,这样就便优先于预设的TypeAdapter
public class StringNullAdapter extends TypeAdapter<String> {
@Override
public String read(JsonReader reader) throws IOException {
if (reader.peek() == JsonToken.NULL) {
reader.nextNull();
return "";//原先是返回Null,这里改为返回空字符串
}
String jsonStr = reader.nextString();
if(jsonStr.equals("null")) {
return "";
}else {
return jsonStr;
}
}
@Override
public void write(JsonWriter writer, String value) throws IOException {
if (value == null) {
writer.nullValue();
return;
}
writer.value(value);
}
}
定义的类型为String
,这样为null
的情况会都归这个类来处理,但是String
的所有情况也会走里边的方法,所以为了同样的类型不执行俩遍,String
和null
都在此类处理,只处理一遍就可以了, 处理所有情况为返回null
,或字符串"null",格式化为"" 空
五、Retrofit实现cookie自动化管理
对应文章解析
在现实开发中,我们可能会遇到这样的需求,需要保持长登陆状态,登陆失效为服务器判断,在我们不想往接口添加任何参数处理时,我们便想到cookie
最终实现效果为:登录成功后将将服务器返回的cookie保存到本地(每次接口请求成功,更新本地保存Cookie值,目的让本地的cookie值一直为最新的),下次请求接口时将本地最新cookie带上,用来告诉哪个用户与服务器之间的交互
1、 第一种实现方方法(第三方库实现Cookie自动化管理)
(1)依赖第三方库
implementation 'com.github.franmontiel:PersistentCookieJar:v1.0.1'
(2)创建OkHttpClient时添加cookieJar
PersistentCookieJar cookieJar = new PersistentCookieJar(new SetCookieCache(), new SharedPrefsCookiePersistor(context));
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient().newBuilder()
.connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.addInterceptor(new LoginInterceptor())
.cookieJar(cookieJar)// 设置封装好的cookieJar
.build();
2、 第二种实现方方法(涉及到相关三个类)
(1)创建CookieManger类
public class CookieManger implements CookieJar {
private static Context mContext;
private static PersistentCookieStore cookieStore;
public CookieManger(Context context) {
mContext = context;
if (cookieStore == null) {
cookieStore = new PersistentCookieStore(mContext);
}
}
@Override
public void saveFromResponse(HttpUrl url, List<Cookie> cookies) {
if (cookies != null && cookies.size() > 0) {
for (Cookie item : cookies) {
cookieStore.add(url, item);
if (item.name() != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(item.name()) &&
item.value() != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(item.value())) {
/*保存cookie到sp地方 可能会用到 */
// PrefUtils.setString(mContext, "cookie_name", item.name());
// PrefUtils.setString(mContext, "cookie_value", item.value());
}
}
}
}
@Override
public List<Cookie> loadForRequest(HttpUrl url) {
List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.get(url);
for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) {
Log.e("", "拿出来的cookies name()==" + cookies.get(i).name());
Log.e("", "拿出来的cookies value()==" + cookies.get(i).value());
}
return cookies;
}
}
(2)创建OkHttpCookies类
public class OkHttpCookies implements Serializable {
private transient final Cookie cookies;
private transient Cookie clientCookies;
public OkHttpCookies(Cookie cookies) {
this.cookies = cookies;
}
public Cookie getCookies() {
Cookie bestCookies = cookies;
if (clientCookies != null) {
bestCookies = clientCookies;
}
return bestCookies;
}
private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException {
out.writeObject(cookies.name());
out.writeObject(cookies.value());
out.writeLong(cookies.expiresAt());
out.writeObject(cookies.domain());
out.writeObject(cookies.path());
out.writeBoolean(cookies.secure());
out.writeBoolean(cookies.httpOnly());
out.writeBoolean(cookies.hostOnly());
out.writeBoolean(cookies.persistent());
}
private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
String name = (String) in.readObject();
String value = (String) in.readObject();
long expiresAt = in.readLong();
String domain = (String) in.readObject();
String path = (String) in.readObject();
boolean secure = in.readBoolean();
boolean httpOnly = in.readBoolean();
boolean hostOnly = in.readBoolean();
boolean persistent = in.readBoolean();
Cookie.Builder builder = new Cookie.Builder();
builder = builder.name(name);
builder = builder.value(value);
builder = builder.expiresAt(expiresAt);
builder = hostOnly ? builder.hostOnlyDomain(domain) : builder.domain(domain);
builder = builder.path(path);
builder = secure ? builder.secure() : builder;
builder = httpOnly ? builder.httpOnly() : builder;
clientCookies =builder.build();
}
}
(3)创建PersistentCookieStore类
public class PersistentCookieStore {
private static final String LOG_TAG = "PersistentCookieStore";
private static final String COOKIE_PREFS = "Cookies_Prefs";
private final Map<String, ConcurrentHashMap<String, Cookie>> cookies;
private final SharedPreferences cookiePrefs;
public PersistentCookieStore(Context context) {
cookiePrefs = context.getSharedPreferences(COOKIE_PREFS, 0);
cookies = new HashMap<>();
//将持久化的cookies缓存到内存中 即map cookies
Map<String, ?> prefsMap = cookiePrefs.getAll();
for (Map.Entry<String, ?> entry : prefsMap.entrySet()) {
String[] cookieNames = TextUtils.split((String) entry.getValue(), ",");
for (String name : cookieNames) {
String encodedCookie = cookiePrefs.getString(name, null);
if (encodedCookie != null) {
Cookie decodedCookie = decodeCookie(encodedCookie);
if (decodedCookie != null) {
if (!cookies.containsKey(entry.getKey())) {
cookies.put(entry.getKey(), new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Cookie>());
}
cookies.get(entry.getKey()).put(name, decodedCookie);
}
}
}
}
}
protected String getCookieToken(Cookie cookie) {
return cookie.name() + "@" + cookie.domain();
}
public void add(HttpUrl url, Cookie cookie) {
String name = getCookieToken(cookie);
//将cookies缓存到内存中 如果缓存过期 就重置此cookie
if (!cookie.persistent()) {
if (!cookies.containsKey(url.host())) {
cookies.put(url.host(), new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Cookie>());
}
cookies.get(url.host()).put(name, cookie);
} else {
if (cookies.containsKey(url.host())) {
cookies.get(url.host()).remove(name);
}
}
//讲cookies持久化到本地
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsWriter = cookiePrefs.edit();
prefsWriter.putString(url.host(), TextUtils.join(",", cookies.get(url.host()).keySet()));
prefsWriter.putString(name, encodeCookie(new OkHttpCookies(cookie)));
prefsWriter.apply();
}
public List<Cookie> get(HttpUrl url) {
ArrayList<Cookie> ret = new ArrayList<>();
if (cookies.containsKey(url.host())) {
ret.addAll(cookies.get(url.host()).values());
}
return ret;
}
public boolean removeAll() {
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsWriter = cookiePrefs.edit();
prefsWriter.clear();
prefsWriter.apply();
cookies.clear();
return true;
}
public boolean remove(HttpUrl url, Cookie cookie) {
String name = getCookieToken(cookie);
if (cookies.containsKey(url.host()) && cookies.get(url.host()).containsKey(name)) {
cookies.get(url.host()).remove(name);
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsWriter = cookiePrefs.edit();
if (cookiePrefs.contains(name)) {
prefsWriter.remove(name);
}
prefsWriter.putString(url.host(), TextUtils.join(",", cookies.get(url.host()).keySet()));
prefsWriter.apply();
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public List<Cookie> getCookies() {
ArrayList<Cookie> ret = new ArrayList<>();
for (String key : cookies.keySet()) {
ret.addAll(cookies.get(key).values());
}
return ret;
}
/**
* cookies 序列化成 string
*
* @param cookie 要序列化的cookie
* @return 序列化之后的string
*/
protected String encodeCookie(OkHttpCookies cookie) {
if (cookie == null) {
return null;
}
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
ObjectOutputStream outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
outputStream.writeObject(cookie);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "IOException in encodeCookie", e);
return null;
}
return byteArrayToHexString(os.toByteArray());
}
/**
* 将字符串反序列化成cookies
*
* @param cookieString cookies string
* @return cookie object
*/
protected Cookie decodeCookie(String cookieString) {
byte[] bytes = hexStringToByteArray(cookieString);
ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
Cookie cookie = null;
try {
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(byteArrayInputStream);
cookie = ((OkHttpCookies) objectInputStream.readObject()).getCookies();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "IOException in decodeCookie", e);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "ClassNotFoundException in decodeCookie", e);
}
return cookie;
}
/**
* 二进制数组转十六进制字符串
*
* @param bytes byte array to be converted
* @return string containing hex values
*/
protected String byteArrayToHexString(byte[] bytes) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 2);
for (byte element : bytes) {
int v = element & 0xff;
if (v < 16) {
sb.append('0');
}
sb.append(Integer.toHexString(v));
}
return sb.toString().toUpperCase(Locale.US);
}
/**
* 十六进制字符串转二进制数组
*
* @param hexString string of hex-encoded values
* @return decoded byte array
*/
protected byte[] hexStringToByteArray(String hexString) {
int len = hexString.length();
byte[] data = new byte[len / 2];
for (int i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
data[i / 2] = (byte) ((Character.digit(hexString.charAt(i), 16) << 4) + Character.digit(hexString.charAt(i + 1), 16));
}
return data;
}
}
(4)创建OkHttpClient时添加cookieJar
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient().newBuilder()
.connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.addInterceptor(new LoginInterceptor())
.cookieJar(new CookieManger (context))// 设置封装好的cookieJar
.build();
六、接口成功失败路由判断,处理格式异常情况,如code=1成功,data={},code=100,data=null
* 重点说一下此种情况:此类是接口返回内容不规范,开发中肯定会存在这样类似问题,虽不是前端问题,但前端也可以很好处理此类问题
* 假如正常情况 返回data为集合
* code:1
* msg:获取成功
* data[ 。。。]
*
* 当异常情况下,返回data:{}或者data:""
* code:0
* msg:获取失败
* data:{}或者data:""
*
* 这样我们定义好的类型Gson解析会失败,由于类型不统一,并报异常,发生此类情况,在不改动后台代码情况下,
* 一般通常我们会定义成object类型再手动解析,但这样很是麻烦,所以,可参考此种实现方式
*
* 实现原理:拦截gson解析,解析前一步,先解析一遍code,如果是定义正常的,继续向下解析,如果非正常情况,抛异常处理,
* 并且将接口返回的code,msg一并抛出,异常会在这里拦截!!!!
当我们处理后台返回数据时,我们会将成功需要的数据提取出来,失败的只提示一下msg,所以通过判断code来区分状态,一般情况下我们可以在onNext()中判断,如下
@Override
public void onNext(BaseModel<T> o) {
T t = o.getData();
try {
/* if (t!=null){
L.e("返回数据="+o.toString());
}else {
L.e("返回数据=null");
}*/
if (view != null) {
view.hideLoading();
}
if (o.getErrcode() == mSuccessCode) {
onSuccessResult(t, o.getMsg(), o.getErrcode());
} else {
view.onErrorResult(o);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
one rror(e.toString());
}
}
假如code=1是成功,获取成功值从onSuccessResult中拿,失败值只要code,msg从回调中onErrorResult拿,
返回的数据规范情况是没有问题的,但是,如果数据不规范,data原本需要{},但是返回了null,或者’’",这样GOSN解析立马报异常,所以我们需要向,当我们执行到OnNext方法中,此时已经执行了Gson解析代码,所以我们是否可以将判断提前到Gson解析时候判断呢? 请看第二种方法
2、 第二种判断方法,Gson解析期间判断
如果想通过Gson解析期间判断,这样必然会设计到Gson源码如果走向,我们通过更改源码来自定义操作,通过阅读源码我们会发现解析数据会涉及到三个类,GsonConverterFactory
,GsonRequestBodyConverter
,GsonResponseBodyConverter
这三个类,我们需要重写这个三个类,阅读代码会返现主要执行解析代码在GsonResponseBodyConverter
中,所以我们的目标便是这里。
思路:Gosn解析数据时,如果出现服务器下发非正常标识,此刻我们已判断服务器返回数据不是我们需要展示的,那我们解析到这一步已不用再向下解析,可以通过抛异常来释放当前任务代码如下
@Override
public T convert(ResponseBody value) throws IOException {
String response = value.string();
BaseResult re = gson.fromJson(response, BaseResult.class);
//关注的重点,自定义响应码中非0的情况,一律抛出ApiException异常。
//这样,我们就成功的将该异常交给onError()去处理了。
if (re.getCode() != BaseContent.basecode) {
value.close();
throw new ApiException(re.getCode(), re.getMessage());
}
MediaType mediaType = value.contentType();
Charset charset = mediaType != null ? mediaType.charset(UTF_8) : UTF_8;
ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(response.getBytes());
InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(bis, charset);
JsonReader jsonReader = gson.newJsonReader(reader);
try {
return adapter.read(jsonReader);
} finally {
value.close();
}
}
异常已成功抛出,那异常信息到哪里了呢?答案是到Rxjava的OnError中,异常我们抛的是自定义实体类ApiException
,内含code,message,那我们到Rxjava中OnError获取到异常信息 e,e instanceof ApiException
通过分析异常是否为我们自定义实体类来判断下一步如何操作,此方法为路由的第二种判断,示例如下
@Override
public void one rror(Throwable e) {
if (mView != null) mView.hideLoading();
if (e instanceof HttpException) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(BAD_NETWORK, "网络超时"));
} else if (e instanceof ConnectException ||
e instanceof UnknownHostException) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_ERROR, "连接错误"));
} else if (e instanceof InterruptedIOException) { // 连接超时
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_TIMEOUT, "连接超时"));
} else if (e instanceof JsonParseException
|| e instanceof ParseException) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(PARSE_ERROR, "数据解析失败"));
} else if (e instanceof ApiException) {
/***************************************************************
* 重点说一下此种情况:此类是接口返回内容不规范,开发中肯定会存在这样类似问题,虽不是前端问题,但前端也可以很好处理此类问题
* 假如正常情况 返回data为集合
* code:1
* msg:获取成功
* data[ 。。。]
*
* 当异常情况下,返回data:{}或者data:""
* code:0
* msg:获取失败
* data:{}或者data:""
*
* 这样我们定义好的类型Gson解析会失败,由于类型不统一,并报异常,发生此类情况,在不改动后台代码情况下,
* 一般通常我们会定义成object类型再手动解析,但这样很是麻烦,所以,可参考此种实现方式
*
* 实现原理:拦截gson解析,解析前一步,先解析一遍code,如果是定义正常的,继续向下解析,如果非正常情况,抛异常处理,
* 并且将接口返回的code,msg一并抛出,异常会在这里拦截!!!!
**************************************************************/
ApiException apiException = (ApiException) e;
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(apiException.getErrorCode(), apiException.getMessage()));
} else {
if (e != null) {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_N, e.toString()));
} else {
one rrorResult(new BaseModel<>(CONNECT_N, "未知错误"));
}
}
}
private void onSuccessResult(BaseModel<T> o) {
onSuccess(o);
}
private void one rrorResult(BaseModel<T> o) {
if (mView != null) mView.onErrorState(o, mType);
}
public abstract void onSuccess(BaseModel<T> o);
七、Retrofit配置及各情况处理(缓存拦截、日志打印、替换接口内容、参数添加等
八、后记
如使用中遇到问题,后记中进行回答讲解
标签:MVP,RxHarmony,Retrofit2,String,void,return,new,null,public 来源: https://blog.csdn.net/loocanp/article/details/113343853