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【C/C++ 设计模式】(七)抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory)

作者:互联网

抽象工厂

动机or背景

模式定义

提供一个接口,让该接口负责创建一系列“相关或者相互依赖的对象”,无需指定它们具体的类。(与工厂方法不同之处在于“一系列”)

结构

在这里插入图片描述

举例

现在我们对数据库里数据进行处理,但是我们有很多不同类型的数据库。同时处理数据库的方法比较统一,都是进行连接、命令、读取。

如果我们未用设计模式,那么我们会对每个数据库都单独创建一个类,如下:

class EmployeeDAO{ 
public:
    vector<EmployeeDO> GetEmployees(){
        SqlConnection* connection = new SqlConnection();
        connection->ConnectionString = "...";

        SqlCommand* command = new SqlCommand();
        command->CommandText="...";
        command->SetConnection(connection);

        SqlDataReader* reader = command->ExecuteReader();
        while (reader->Read()){
			...
        }
    }
};
	.........

现在我们用工厂方法思想进行更改,如下:

//数据库访问有关的基类
class IDBConnection{
    
};
class IDBConnectionFactory{
public:
    virtual IDBConnection* CreateDBConnection()=0;
};

class IDBCommand{
    
};
class IDBCommandFactory{
public:
    virtual IDBCommand* CreateDBCommand()=0;
};

class IDataReader{
    
};
class IDataReaderFactory{
public:
    virtual IDataReader* CreateDataReader()=0;
};

//支持SQL Server
class SqlConnection: public IDBConnection{
    
};
class SqlConnectionFactory:public IDBConnectionFactory{
    
};

class SqlCommand: public IDBCommand{
    
};
class SqlCommandFactory:public IDBCommandFactory{
    
};

class SqlDataReader: public IDataReader{
    
};
class SqlDataReaderFactory:public IDataReaderFactory{
    
};

//支持Oracle
class OracleConnection: public IDBConnection{
    
};
...工厂
class OracleCommand: public IDBCommand{
    
};
...工厂
class OracleDataReader: public IDataReader{
    
};
...工厂

class EmployeeDAO{
    IDBConnectionFactory* dbConnectionFactory;
    IDBCommandFactory* dbCommandFactory;
    IDataReaderFactory* dataReaderFactory;
public:
    vector<EmployeeDO> GetEmployees(){
        IDBConnection* connection = dbConnectionFactory->CreateDBConnection();
        connection->ConnectionString("...");

        IDBCommand* command = dbCommandFactory->CreateDBCommand();
        command->CommandText("...");
        command->SetConnection(connection); //关联性

        IDBDataReader* reader = command->ExecuteReader(); //关联性
        while (reader->Read()){
			...
        }
    }
};

因为一系列方法都具有关联性,所以我们可以把工厂抽象化成一个工厂。如下:

//数据库访问有关的基类
class IDBConnection{
    
};

class IDBCommand{
    
};

class IDataReader{
    
};

class IDBFactory{
public:
    virtual IDBConnection* CreateDBConnection()=0;
    virtual IDBCommand* CreateDBCommand()=0;
    virtual IDataReader* CreateDataReader()=0;
    
};

//支持SQL Server
class SqlConnection: public IDBConnection{
    
};
class SqlCommand: public IDBCommand{
    
};
class SqlDataReader: public IDataReader{
    
};

class SqlDBFactory:public IDBFactory{
public:
    virtual IDBConnection* CreateDBConnection()=0;
    virtual IDBCommand* CreateDBCommand()=0;
    virtual IDataReader* CreateDataReader()=0;
 
};

//支持Oracle
class OracleConnection: public IDBConnection{
    
};

class OracleCommand: public IDBCommand{
    
};

class OracleDataReader: public IDataReader{
    
};

class OracleDBFactory :public IDBFactory {
public:
    virtual IDBConnection* CreateDBConnection() = 0;
    virtual IDBCommand* CreateDBCommand() = 0;
    virtual IDataReader* CreateDataReader() = 0;

};

class EmployeeDAO{
    IDBFactory* dbFactory;
    
public:
    vector<EmployeeDO> GetEmployees(){
        IDBConnection* connection =
            dbFactory->CreateDBConnection();
        connection->ConnectionString("...");

        IDBCommand* command =
            dbFactory->CreateDBCommand();
        command->CommandText("...");
        command->SetConnection(connection); //关联性

        IDBDataReader* reader = command->ExecuteReader(); //关联性
        while (reader->Read()){
 
        }

    }
};

总结

标签:IDBConnection,Abstract,Factory,virtual,class,IDBCommand,command,设计模式,public
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43142509/article/details/121169437