西门子PLC与C#程序的S7.net通信
作者：互联网
1、导入S7.net通信文件：打开工具->NuGet包管理器->管理解决方案得NuGet程序包，入下图搜索S7，安装S7netplus。
在程序中引用S7.Net文件
建立西门子PLC类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using S7.Net;
namespace 相机打开
{
class SiemensPLC
{
//构造函数
public SiemensPLC()
{
_plc = new Plc((CpuType)_plcType, _ipAddress, _crack, _slot);
//_plc = new Plc(CpuType.S71500, _ipAddress, _crack, _slot);
}
/// <summary>
/// PLC类型：S7200=0;Logo0BA8=1;S7200Smart=2;S7300=10,S7400=20;S71200=30;S71500=40;
/// </summary>
public int PLCType { get => _plcType; set => _plcType = value; }
/// <summary>
/// IP地址
/// </summary>
public string IpAdress { get => _ipAddress; set => IpAdress = value; }
/// <summary>
/// 机架
/// </summary>
public short Crack { get => _crack; set => _crack = value; }
/// <summary>
/// 槽
/// </summary>
public short Slot { get => _slot; set => _slot = value; }
int _plcType=40;
string _ipAddress="192.168.1.12";
short _crack = 0;
short _slot = 1;
Plc _plc;
/// <summary>
/// PLC连接状态
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool ConnectState { get => _plc.IsConnected; }
/// <summary>
/// PLC连接
/// </summary>
public void Connect()
{
try
{
_plc.Open();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("PLC连接失败："+ex.Message.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 连接
/// </summary>
public void Disconnect()
{
try
{
_plc.Close();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("PLC断开失败：" + ex.Message.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取
/// </summary>
/// <param name="varName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public object Read(string varName,string varType)
{
try
{
switch(varType)
{
case "布尔":
case "整数":
return _plc.Read(varName);
case "实数":
return ((uint)_plc.Read(varName)).ConvertToFloat();
case "字符":
int dblength = varName.IndexOf(':') - 2;//DB号的长度
int db = Convert.ToInt32(varName.Substring(2, dblength));//DB号
int adrlength = varName.Length - varName.IndexOf(':') - 1;//startByteAdr的长度
int startByteAddress = Convert.ToInt32(varName.Substring(varName.IndexOf(':') + 1, adrlength));//startByteAdr
var count = (byte)_plc.Read(DataType.DataBlock, db, startByteAddress, VarType.Byte, 1);
return (string)_plc.Read(DataType.DataBlock, db, startByteAddress, VarType.S7String, count);
default:
return null;
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("读取失败：" + ex.Message.ToString());
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 写入
/// </summary>
/// <param name="varName"></param>
/// <param name="varValue"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>位、字节、单字、双字和字符
public void Write(string varName,string varValue,string type)
{
try
{
switch(type)
{
case "位":
_plc.Write(varName, (varValue == "1") ? true : false);
break;
case "字节":
_plc.Write(varName, Convert.ToByte(varValue));
break;
case "单字":
_plc.Write(varName, Convert.ToInt16(varValue));
break;
case "双字":
_plc.Write(varName, Convert.ToInt32(varValue));
break;
case "实数":
_plc.Write(varName, Convert.ToSingle(varValue));
break;
case "字符":
int dblength = varName.IndexOf(':') - 2;//DB号的长度
int db = Convert.ToInt32(varName.Substring(2,dblength));//DB号
int adrlength = varName.Length - varName.IndexOf(':')-1;//startByteAdr的长度
int startByteAddress = Convert.ToInt32(varName.Substring(varName.IndexOf(':')+1, adrlength));//startByteAdr
//var temp = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(varValue);//编码
var temp = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(varValue);//编码
var bytes = S7.Net.Types.S7String.ToByteArray(varValue, temp.Length);//字节数组
_plc.WriteBytes(DataType.DataBlock, db, startByteAddress, bytes);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("写入失败：" + ex.Message.ToString());
}
}
}
}
参考教程：https://www.cnblogs.com/xhubobo/p/14573092.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/minily/p/13324120.html
建立winform程序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
using S7.Net;
using HalconDotNet;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace 相机打开
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
bool isMThread = false;//是否位多线程模式
bool isStart = false;//线程模式启动
Task collectTask;//识别子线程
// Local iconic variables
HObject ho_Image = null, ho_GrayImage = null;
// Local control variables
HTuple hv_AcqHandle = null;//相机窗口句柄
HTuple hv_WindowHandle = null;//窗口句柄
HTuple hv_Width = new HTuple(), hv_Height = new HTuple();
//PLC变量
SiemensPLC PLC = new SiemensPLC();
bool connectState = false;
//线程变量
Thread monitorThread;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
// Default settings used in HDevelop
HOperatorSet.SetSystem("width", 512);
HOperatorSet.SetSystem("height", 512);
if (HalconAPI.isWindows)
HOperatorSet.SetSystem("use_window_thread", "true");
action();
}
/// <summary>
/// 视觉窗口初始化
/// </summary>
private void action()
{
// Initialize local and output iconic variables
HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_Image);
HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_GrayImage);
//Image Acquisition 01: Code generated by Image Acquisition 01
//判断窗口是否打开
if(HDevWindowStack.IsOpen())
{
HOperatorSet.CloseWindow(HDevWindowStack.Pop());
}
HOperatorSet.SetWindowAttr("background_color", "black");
hv_WindowHandle = this.hWindowControl1.HalconID;
HOperatorSet.OpenWindow(0, 0, this.hWindowControl1.Width, this.hWindowControl1.Height, this.hWindowControl1.HalconWindow, "visible", "", out hv_WindowHandle);
HDevWindowStack.Push(hv_WindowHandle);
}
/// <summary>
/// 采用定时器方式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(hv_AcqHandle==null)
{
return;
}
CollectImage();//图像采集
}
/// <summary>
/// 图像采集
/// </summary>
private void CollectImage()
{
ho_Image.Dispose();
if (hv_AcqHandle==null)
{
return;
}
HOperatorSet.GrabImageAsync(out ho_Image, hv_AcqHandle, -1);
if (HDevWindowStack.IsOpen())
{
HOperatorSet.DispObj(ho_Image, HDevWindowStack.GetActive());
}
//HOperatorSet.WaitSeconds(0.1);
ho_GrayImage.Dispose();
HOperatorSet.Rgb1ToGray(ho_Image, out ho_GrayImage);
HOperatorSet.DispObj(ho_GrayImage, HDevWindowStack.GetActive());
HOperatorSet.GetImageSize(ho_GrayImage, out hv_Width, out hv_Height);
HOperatorSet.SetPart(HDevWindowStack.GetActive(), 0, 0, hv_Height, hv_Width);
//HOperatorSet.WaitSeconds(0.1);
}
/// <summary>
/// 相机打开
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_OpenCamera_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//打开相机
HOperatorSet.OpenFramegrabber("DirectShow", 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, "default", 8, "rgb",
-1, "false", "default", "[0] Integrated Camera", 0, -1, out hv_AcqHandle);
HOperatorSet.GrabImageStart(hv_AcqHandle, -1);
}
/// <summary>
/// 启动停止按钮
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_StartCollect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(this.rdb_Timer.Checked==true)
{
if (this.timer1.Enabled == false)
{
this.timer1.Enabled = true;
this.btn_StartCollect.Text = "停止采集";
this.rdb_MThread.Enabled = false;
this.rdb_Timer.Enabled = false;
}
else
{
this.timer1.Enabled = false;
this.btn_StartCollect.Text = "开始采集";
this.rdb_MThread.Enabled = true;
this.rdb_Timer.Enabled = true;
}
}
else if(this.rdb_MThread.Checked==true)
{
if(this.btn_StartCollect.Text=="开始采集")
{
isStart = true;
btn_StartCollect.Text = "停止采集";
this.rdb_MThread.Enabled = false;
this.rdb_Timer.Enabled = false;
//实例化子线程
collectTask = new Task(() =>
{
while (isStart)
{
CollectImage();
}
});
collectTask.Start();
}
else
{
this.btn_StartCollect.Text = "开始采集";
this.rdb_MThread.Enabled = true;
this.rdb_Timer.Enabled = true;
isStart = false;
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("请先选择模式！");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭窗体
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
Process.GetCurrentProcess().Kill();
}
private void btn_PLCConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//连接线程
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(t => PLC.Connect());
}
/// <summary>
/// 退出按钮
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_Exit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Process.GetCurrentProcess().Kill();
}
private void btn_Disconnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//断开线程
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(t => PLC.Disconnect());
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//监控线程
monitorThread = new Thread(monitorFunc);
monitorThread.Start();
}
private void btn_SingleRead_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(t=>SingleRead());
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭相机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_CloseCamera_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (collectTask.Status == TaskStatus.Running || this.timer1.Enabled == true)
{
MessageBox.Show("请先停止采集！");
return;
}
//关闭相机
if (hv_AcqHandle != null)
{
HOperatorSet.CloseFramegrabber(hv_AcqHandle);
}
ho_Image.Dispose();
ho_GrayImage.Dispose();
}
private void btn_Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(t=>SingleWrite());
}
public void monitorFunc()
{
while(true)
{
connectState = PLC.ConnectState;
this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate
{
lbl_ConnectState.Text = connectState ? "Connected" : "Disconnected";
btn_PLCConnect.Enabled = connectState ? false : true;
btn_Disconnect.Enabled = connectState ? true : false;
lbl_ConState.BackColor = connectState ? Color.Lime : Color.Red;
});
Thread.Sleep(100);
}
}
public void SingleRead()
{
connectState = PLC.ConnectState;
this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate
{
var value = PLC.Read(tbx_RSignleName.Text.Trim(), cbx_RTypeSelect.Text.Trim());
tbx_RSingleValue.Text = Convert.ToString(value);
});
}
public void SingleWrite()
{
this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate
{
PLC.Write(tbx_WSignleName.Text.Trim(), tbx_WSingleValue.Text.Trim(), cbx_WTypeSelect.Text.Trim());
});
}
}
}
里面还包含一部分Halcon程序，最终的目的是实现PLC程序通过Halcon程序控制相机。
建立S71500PLC仿真
采用S7-PLCSIM Advanced 3.0
建立西门子博图项目
提前设置电脑的PG端口
在博图中建立一个DB块
打开西门子仿真软件
这个仿真软件用一段时间后就需要重启，否则博图下载程序时找不到端口，有时候还需要重新启动博图软件才能正常下载程序
首先连接PLC，然后给DB1.DBX0.0赋值1，观察博图的监控画面
写入成功
读取成功
分别尝试字节、单字、双字写入读取都顺利
实数读写
比较麻烦的是字符串的读取和写入
西门子PLC有两种字符串，一种是String，另一种是WString，前者是每一个字符由两个字节构成，大小为256个字节；后者是每一个字符由四个字节构成，大小为512个字节。
所以英文字符采用String,中文字符采用WString，虽然WString在博图中无法查看具体字符串，只能看到编码，但是不影响正常的写入和读取。
标签：HOperatorSet,C#,varName,void,S7,System,PLC,using 来源： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_20792765/article/details/119032464