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Kubernetes中部署Docker registry2.7.1并通过containerd实现拉取镜像到应用Pod的部署

作者:互联网

这里主要介绍一下私有仓库(HTTPS)在Kubernetes中部署的问题,由于Kubernetes将弃用docker,因此这里主要介绍以下使用containerd替换docker后如何从私有仓库拉取镜像并完成镜像的部署。

下载registry2.7.1的镜像文件

说明:在使用registry2.3.1的话会有一个严重的问题,问题就是在yaml或者在命令行通过ctr和crictl命令拉取镜像时携带的sha256值和私有仓库中镜像存储的实际sha256不一致,因此会报找不到镜像的问题:not found: not found的错误,所以尽量使用2.7.1版本以上的镜像,并且2.7.1版本以上的仓库支持加密镜像的存储。

docker pull registry:2.7.1

生成证书文件

这里说明一下:由于containerd默认的仓库为docker.io,因此在创建私有仓库时使用IP地址才会在后面的操作中避开它自动连接到默认仓库的问题,因此在制作证书的这步就要提前考虑好该问题,因为在证书制作的过程中CN字段的值就要设置为IP地址。

# 在集群中某个节点找个位置新建一个文件夹
mkdir docker-registry
cd  docker-registry
mkdir certs
# 生成2048位的私钥,也可以生成4096位的,看自己需求
openssl genrsa -out Yuan.key 2048
# 生成证书请求文件
openssl req -new -key Yuan.key -subj "/CN=10.131.82.53" -out Yuan.csr
# 将IP地址写入一个文件,为了解决上述所说的那个问题
echo subjectAltName = IP:10.131.82.53>extfile.cnf
# 这里的ca我就使用了集群自带的,在/etc/kubernetes/pki/下
openssl x509 -req  -in Yuan.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -extfile extfile.cnf -out Yuan.crt -days 5000  
# 查看证书信息
openssl x509 -in Yuan.crt -noout -text
# 将生存的证书信息追加到系统的证书管理文件后
cat Yuan.crt >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

在大概中间的位置会看到一个类似下图的信息:

\"img\"

不然会报如下的错误:

x509: cannot validate certificate for 10.131.82.53 because it doesn\'t contain any IP SANs

生成密码认证文件

yum install httpd-tools
mkdir auth
htpasswd -Bbn Yuan Abcd123456 > /home/docker-registry/auth/htpasswd

部署私有仓库

编写部署文件

docker-registry.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: docker-registry
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: docker-registry
    spec:
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/hostname: master1
      containers:
      - name: docker-registry
        image: docker.io/library/registry:2.3.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
        env:
        - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_ADDR
          value: "0.0.0.0:8443"
        - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE
          value: "/certs/Yuan.crt"
        - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY
          value: "/certs/Yuan.key"
        - name: REGISTRY_AUTH
          value: "htpasswd"
        - name: REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH
          value: "/auth/htpasswd"
        - name: REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM
          value: "Registry Realm"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: reg-data
          mountPath: /vat/lib/registry
        - name: reg-auth
          mountPath: /auth
        - name: reg-certs
          mountPath: /certs
      volumes:
      - name: reg-data
        hostPath:
          path: /home/docker-registry/images
      - name: reg-auth
        hostPath:
          path: /home/docker-registry/auth
      - name: reg-certs
        hostPath:
          path: /home/docker-registry/certs
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: docker-registry
  namespace: default
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 8443
    targetPort: 8443
    nodePort: 443
    protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: docker-registry

部署私有仓库

kubectl apply -f docker-registry.yaml
#如果报错如下
Invalid value: 443: provided port is not in the valid range. The range of valid ports is 30000-32767
#解决方法为修改apiserver的启动参数
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
# 添加如下配置
- --service-node-port-range=1-65535

curl访问仓库

# 查看仓库信息
curl -k -u Yuan:Abcd123456 -X GET https://10.131.82.53:443/v2/_catalog

在另一台机器docker登陆

docker login 10.131.82.53:443 -u Yuan -p Abcd123456
# 报错如下
Error response from daemon: Get https://10.131.82.53:443/v2/: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
# 解决方法如下
vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
# 添加
{
        "insecure-registries": ["10.131.82.53:443"]
}
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
# push镜像到仓库
docker tag nginx:v1 10.131.82.53:443/nginx:v1
docker push 10.131.82.53:443/nginx:v1

# 从仓库pull镜像
docker pull 10.131.82.53:443/nginx:v1

curl 查看仓库中的镜像

# 查看仓库中镜像
curl -k -u Yuan:Abcd123456 -X GET https://10.131.82.53:443/v2/nginx/tags/list

ctr命令push镜像(crictl没有push命令)

# 查看本地仓库的镜像
ctr -n k8s.io i ls -q
# 任意选一个修改tag
ctr -n k8s.io tag docker.io/foo-apiserver:latest 10.131.82.53:443/foo-apiserver:latest
# push镜像到仓库
ctr -n k8s.io push 10.131.82.53:443/foo-apiserver:latest -k --user Yuan:Abcd123456

ctr命令pull镜像

# 从仓库pull镜像
ctr i pull 10.131.82.53:443/foo-apiserver:latest --user Yuan:Abcd123456

crictl命令pull镜像

# 从仓库pull镜像
crictl pull 10.131.82.53:443/foo-apiserver:latest --creds Yuan:Abcd123456
# 如果使用registry2.3.1版本镜像仓库时会报错如下
pulling image: rpc error:  code = NotFound desc = failed to pull and unpack image: ...sha256:2f...... not found: not found
# 因为crictl命令无法跳过ssl认证,因此会报错如下
x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
# 则需要修改/etc/containerd/config.toml文件
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://registry-1.docker.io"]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."10.131.82.53:443"]
          endpoint = ["https://10.131.82.53:443"]
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs."10.131.82.53:443".tls]
          insecure_skip_verify = true
       [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]
         [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs."10.131.82.53:443".auth]
           username = "Yuan"
           password = "Abcd123456"

至此,我们已经完成了基本所有的验证工作,下面就写一个yaml文件验证一下我们搭建的私有仓库是否能正常提供服务

部署应用验证私有仓库

编写部署应用的Pod的yaml文件

pod-pull-test.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-pull-test
spec:
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/hostname: master1
  containers:
  - name: pod-pull-test
    image: 10.131.82.53:443/nginx:v1
    imagePullPolicy: Always
  imagePullSecrets:
  - name: registrykey

其中最后两行是访问仓库的服务地址及认证信息

kubectl create secret docker-registry registrykey --docker-server=10.131.82.53:443 --docker-username=Yuan --docker-password=Abcd123456 --docker-email=Yuan_sr@163.com

通过执行kubectl apply -f pod-pull-test.yaml即可从私有仓库拉取镜像部署应用

标签:Kubernetes,部署,containerd,10.131,443,registry,82.53,docker,Yuan
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/mayizhuangyuan/p/14798004.html