VSCode配置arduino+esp8266开发环境全教程
作者：互联网
提示：阅读完本篇文章需要20分钟。
文章目录
- 前言
- 安装ArduinoIDE
- 获取“项目文件夹”的路径
- 安装ESP8266工具包（可选）
- 下载VSCode
- 优化VSCode
- 配置VSCode
- 使用VSCode开发arduino/esp8266
- 快捷键
- 其他问题
前言
你是否觉得ArduinoIDE简陋的简直不像一个IDE，没有代码补全，没有跳转定义，没有实时语法检查，配色也是十分单一？
为什么不试试VSCode呢？
VSCode作为微软出品的一款免费开源的现代化轻量级代码编辑器，拥有丰富的插件生态系统。通过各种插件可以让不是IDE的VSCode媲美IDE。
先来看看配置好了的效果：
安装ArduinoIDE
提示，已经安装ArduinoIDE的读者可以跳过该部分。
虽然VSCode能通过插件做到媲美IDE的效果，但VSCode本质上还是一个代码编辑器，不提供代码的编译、上传等功能。所以VSCode仍需要调用ArduinoIDE内置的工具链和库，实现代码的编译、上传。所以需要安装ArduinoIDE。
前往Arduino官网下载ArduinoIDE。
对于Windows系统，点击Windows Win 7 and newer下载。
注意：
如果看到如下页面，点击
JUST DOWNLOAD下载。
土豪可以考虑捐赠以促进Arduino社区更好地发展
下载完成后运行安装包，按照通常安装软件的方法安装ArduinoIDE。
如果出现类似
你想安装这个设备软件吗？的系统提示，不要害怕，这是ArduinoIDE为了让你的电脑正确地识别Arduino开发板而在给你的电脑打驱动，点击确定，等待安装完成即可。
安装完成最好打开ArduinoIDE看一下它是否能够正常工作。
如果出现防火墙提示，选择
允许访问，Arduino IDE不会黑掉你的电脑，请放心放行它。
获取“项目文件夹”的路径
这是必须的一个步骤。项目文件夹是存放你自己装的第三方库的位置，按如下方法可以获取它的路径，之后会用到它。
打开ArduinoIDE，按Ctrl+逗号打开首选项。
可以看到项目文件夹的位置，复制它，之后要用到。
笔者的项目文件夹路径曾经自行修改过，可能与你的项目文件夹路径不同。
安装ESP8266工具包（可选）
如果你有用VSCode开发ESP8266的需求，请阅读此部分
前往此处（百度网盘，提取码8266）下载ESP8266工具包，双击运行，等待一会即完成安装。
下载VSCode
打开浏览器前往VSCode官网：
点击Download for Windows按钮下载VSCode安装包。
然后一路next下去，安装完成！
最好不要安装在C盘
优化VSCode
参照我的另一篇文章《优化VSCode：让你的VSCode变得好用又美观》对你的VScode进行优化。
如何打开
setting.json？快捷键F1或Ctrl+Shift+P调出 命令面板, 然后输入 Open Settings (JSON)。
即可打开
settings.json编辑完毕记得保存哦！
如何下载插件（又称拓展）？
点击侧边的按钮，在搜索框键入插件名称
然后点击
安装（或Install）即可安装插件
配置VSCode
这才是重头戏。
安装插件
必须安装以下插件才能愉快地使用VSCode开发Arduino。
配置插件
在settings.json中加入以下设置项，设置项的意义已经注释：
"C_Cpp.autocompleteAddParentheses": true,//自动补全函数后面的括号
"arduino.path": "你的ArduinoIDE安装目录",//例如，笔者安装在D:盘下Arduino文件夹，所以写D:\\Arduino（注意\要双写）
"arduino.openPDEFiletype": true,//允许打开PDE文件
"arduino.defaultBaudRate": 9600,//设置默认波特率为9600
"arduino.ignoreBoards": [//我的NodeMCU开发板被意外识别为WeMos D1，这个设置可以避免误识别
"WeMos D1"
],
"arduino.disableIntelliSenseAutoGen": true,//禁用自动生成c_cpp_properties.json
配置.vscode文件夹
在你喜欢的位置新建一个名为.vscode的文件夹（路径最好都不要含有中文和空格），创建名为c_cpp_properties.json的文件。
在该文件内写入如下内容：
{
"version": 4,
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Arduino",
"compilerPath": "你的ArduinoIDE安装目录\\hardware\\tools\\avr\\bin\\avr-g++",
"compilerArgs": [
"-std=gnu++11",
"-fpermissive",
"-fno-exceptions",
"-ffunction-sections",
"-fdata-sections",
"-fno-threadsafe-statics",
"-Wno-error=narrowing"
],
"intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64",
"includePath": [
"你的ArduinoIDE安装目录\\libraries\\**",
"项目文件夹路径\\**",
"你的ArduinoIDE安装目录\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\**",
"你的ArduinoIDE安装目录\\hardware\\tools\\avr\\**",
"你的ArduinoIDE安装目录\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\libraries\\SPI\\src",
"${workspaceFolder}"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"你的ArduinoIDE安装目录\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\cores\\arduino\\Arduino.h"
],
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++11",
"defines": [
"F_CPU=16000000L",
"ARDUINO=10813",
"ARDUINO_AVR_NANO",
"ARDUINO_ARCH_AVR",
"__DBL_MIN_EXP__=(-125)",
"__HQ_FBIT__=15",
"__cpp_attributes=200809",
"__UINT_LEAST16_MAX__=0xffffU",
"__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE=2",
"__SFRACT_IBIT__=0",
"__FLT_MIN__=1.17549435e-38F",
"__GCC_IEC_559_COMPLEX=0",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_SLEEP=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_COUNTLSULLK=1",
"__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi=201304",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_COUNTLSULLR=1",
"__UFRACT_MAX__=0XFFFFP-16UR",
"__UINT_LEAST8_TYPE__=unsigned char",
"__DQ_FBIT__=63",
"__INTMAX_C(c)=c ## LL",
"__ULFRACT_FBIT__=32",
"__SACCUM_EPSILON__=0x1P-7HK",
"__CHAR_BIT__=8",
"__USQ_IBIT__=0",
"__UINT8_MAX__=0xff",
"__ACCUM_FBIT__=15",
"__WINT_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__FLT32_MIN_EXP__=(-125)",
"__cpp_static_assert=200410",
"__USFRACT_FBIT__=8",
"__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__=1234",
"__SIZE_MAX__=0xffffU",
"__WCHAR_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__LACCUM_IBIT__=32",
"__DBL_DENORM_MIN__=double(1.40129846e-45L)",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_CHAR_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__GCC_IEC_559=0",
"__FLT_EVAL_METHOD__=0",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_LLKBITS=1",
"__cpp_binary_literals=201304",
"__LLACCUM_MAX__=0X7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFP-47LLK",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_CHAR32_T_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_HKBITS=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSLLK=1",
"__FRACT_FBIT__=15",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSLLR=1",
"__cpp_variadic_templates=200704",
"__UINT_FAST64_MAX__=0xffffffffffffffffULL",
"__SIG_ATOMIC_TYPE__=char",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_UHKBITS=1",
"__UACCUM_FBIT__=16",
"__DBL_MIN_10_EXP__=(-37)",
"__FINITE_MATH_ONLY__=0",
"__cpp_variable_templates=201304",
"__LFRACT_IBIT__=0",
"__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__=0",
"__FLT32_HAS_DENORM__=1",
"__LFRACT_MAX__=0X7FFFFFFFP-31LR",
"__UINT_FAST8_MAX__=0xff",
"__has_include(STR)=__has_include__(STR)",
"__DEC64_MAX_EXP__=385",
"__INT8_C(c)=c",
"__INT_LEAST8_WIDTH__=8",
"__UINT_LEAST64_MAX__=0xffffffffffffffffULL",
"__SA_FBIT__=15",
"__SHRT_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__LDBL_MAX__=3.40282347e+38L",
"__FRACT_MAX__=0X7FFFP-15R",
"__UFRACT_FBIT__=16",
"__UFRACT_MIN__=0.0UR",
"__UINT_LEAST8_MAX__=0xff",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_BOOL_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__UINTMAX_TYPE__=long long unsigned int",
"__LLFRACT_EPSILON__=0x1P-63LLR",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_DELAY_CYCLES=1",
"__DEC32_EPSILON__=1E-6DF",
"__FLT_EVAL_METHOD_TS_18661_3__=0",
"__UINT32_MAX__=0xffffffffUL",
"__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__=1",
"__ULFRACT_MAX__=0XFFFFFFFFP-32ULR",
"__TA_IBIT__=16",
"__LDBL_MAX_EXP__=128",
"__WINT_MIN__=(-__WINT_MAX__ - 1)",
"__INT_LEAST16_WIDTH__=16",
"__ULLFRACT_MIN__=0.0ULLR",
"__SCHAR_MAX__=0x7f",
"__WCHAR_MIN__=(-__WCHAR_MAX__ - 1)",
"__INT64_C(c)=c ## LL",
"__DBL_DIG__=6",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_POINTER_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__AVR_HAVE_SPH__=1",
"__LLACCUM_MIN__=(-0X1P15LLK-0X1P15LLK)",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_KBITS=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ABSK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ABSR=1",
"__SIZEOF_INT__=2",
"__SIZEOF_POINTER__=2",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_CHAR16_T_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__USACCUM_IBIT__=8",
"__USER_LABEL_PREFIX__",
"__STDC_HOSTED__=1",
"__LDBL_HAS_INFINITY__=1",
"__LFRACT_MIN__=(-0.5LR-0.5LR)",
"__HA_IBIT__=8",
"__FLT32_DIG__=6",
"__TQ_IBIT__=0",
"__FLT_EPSILON__=1.19209290e-7F",
"__GXX_WEAK__=1",
"__SHRT_WIDTH__=16",
"__USFRACT_IBIT__=0",
"__LDBL_MIN__=1.17549435e-38L",
"__FRACT_MIN__=(-0.5R-0.5R)",
"__AVR_SFR_OFFSET__=0x20",
"__DEC32_MAX__=9.999999E96DF",
"__cpp_threadsafe_static_init=200806",
"__DA_IBIT__=32",
"__INT32_MAX__=0x7fffffffL",
"__UQQ_FBIT__=8",
"__INT_WIDTH__=16",
"__SIZEOF_LONG__=4",
"__UACCUM_MAX__=0XFFFFFFFFP-16UK",
"__UINT16_C(c)=c ## U",
"__PTRDIFF_WIDTH__=16",
"__DECIMAL_DIG__=9",
"__LFRACT_EPSILON__=0x1P-31LR",
"__AVR_2_BYTE_PC__=1",
"__ULFRACT_MIN__=0.0ULR",
"__INTMAX_WIDTH__=64",
"__has_include_next(STR)=__has_include_next__(STR)",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ULLRBITS=1",
"__LDBL_HAS_QUIET_NAN__=1",
"__ULACCUM_IBIT__=32",
"__UACCUM_EPSILON__=0x1P-16UK",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_SEI=1",
"__GNUC__=7",
"__ULLACCUM_MAX__=0XFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFP-48ULLK",
"__cpp_delegating_constructors=200604",
"__HQ_IBIT__=0",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_SWAP=1",
"__FLT_HAS_DENORM__=1",
"__SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE__=4",
"__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__=1",
"__STDC_UTF_16__=1",
"__UINT24_MAX__=16777215UL",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_NOP=1",
"__GNUC_STDC_INLINE__=1",
"__DQ_IBIT__=0",
"__FLT32_HAS_INFINITY__=1",
"__DBL_MAX__=double(3.40282347e+38L)",
"__ULFRACT_IBIT__=0",
"__cpp_raw_strings=200710",
"__INT_FAST32_MAX__=0x7fffffffL",
"__DBL_HAS_INFINITY__=1",
"__INT64_MAX__=0x7fffffffffffffffLL",
"__ACCUM_IBIT__=16",
"__DEC32_MIN_EXP__=(-94)",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_UKBITS=1",
"__INTPTR_WIDTH__=16",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_FMULSU=1",
"__LACCUM_MAX__=0X7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFP-31LK",
"__INT_FAST16_TYPE__=int",
"__LDBL_HAS_DENORM__=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSR=1",
"__cplusplus=201402L",
"__cpp_ref_qualifiers=200710",
"__DEC128_MAX__=9.999999999999999999999999999999999E6144DL",
"__INT_LEAST32_MAX__=0x7fffffffL",
"__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__=1",
"__DEC32_MIN__=1E-95DF",
"__ACCUM_MAX__=0X7FFFFFFFP-15K",
"__DEPRECATED=1",
"__cpp_rvalue_references=200610",
"__DBL_MAX_EXP__=128",
"__USACCUM_EPSILON__=0x1P-8UHK",
"__WCHAR_WIDTH__=16",
"__FLT32_MAX__=3.40282347e+38F32",
"__DEC128_EPSILON__=1E-33DL",
"__SFRACT_MAX__=0X7FP-7HR",
"__FRACT_IBIT__=0",
"__PTRDIFF_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__UACCUM_MIN__=0.0UK",
"__UACCUM_IBIT__=16",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_NOPS=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_WDR=1",
"__FLT32_HAS_QUIET_NAN__=1",
"__GNUG__=7",
"__LONG_LONG_MAX__=0x7fffffffffffffffLL",
"__SIZEOF_SIZE_T__=2",
"__ULACCUM_MAX__=0XFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFP-32ULK",
"__cpp_rvalue_reference=200610",
"__cpp_nsdmi=200809",
"__SIZEOF_WINT_T__=2",
"__LONG_LONG_WIDTH__=64",
"__cpp_initializer_lists=200806",
"__FLT32_MAX_EXP__=128",
"__SA_IBIT__=16",
"__ULLACCUM_MIN__=0.0ULLK",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDUHK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDUHR=1",
"__cpp_hex_float=201603",
"__GXX_ABI_VERSION=1011",
"__INT24_MAX__=8388607L",
"__UTA_FBIT__=48",
"__FLT_MIN_EXP__=(-125)",
"__USFRACT_MAX__=0XFFP-8UHR",
"__UFRACT_IBIT__=0",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDFX=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDULK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDULR=1",
"__cpp_lambdas=200907",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_COUNTLSLLK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_COUNTLSLLR=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDHK=1",
"__INT_FAST64_TYPE__=long long int",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDHR=1",
"__DBL_MIN__=double(1.17549435e-38L)",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_COUNTLSK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDLK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_COUNTLSR=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDLR=1",
"__LACCUM_MIN__=(-0X1P31LK-0X1P31LK)",
"__ULLACCUM_FBIT__=48",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_LKBITS=1",
"__ULLFRACT_EPSILON__=0x1P-64ULLR",
"__DEC128_MIN__=1E-6143DL",
"__REGISTER_PREFIX__",
"__UINT16_MAX__=0xffffU",
"__DBL_HAS_DENORM__=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ULKBITS=1",
"__ACCUM_MIN__=(-0X1P15K-0X1P15K)",
"__AVR_ARCH__=2",
"__SQ_IBIT__=0",
"__FLT32_MIN__=1.17549435e-38F32",
"__UINT8_TYPE__=unsigned char",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDUK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDUR=1",
"__UHA_FBIT__=8",
"__NO_INLINE__=1",
"__SFRACT_MIN__=(-0.5HR-0.5HR)",
"__UTQ_FBIT__=128",
"__FLT_MANT_DIG__=24",
"__LDBL_DECIMAL_DIG__=9",
"__VERSION__=\"7.3.0\"",
"__UINT64_C(c)=c ## ULL",
"__ULLFRACT_FBIT__=64",
"__cpp_unicode_characters=200704",
"__FRACT_EPSILON__=0x1P-15R",
"__ULACCUM_MIN__=0.0ULK",
"__UDA_FBIT__=32",
"__cpp_decltype_auto=201304",
"__LLACCUM_EPSILON__=0x1P-47LLK",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__FLT32_MANT_DIG__=24",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSUHK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSUHR=1",
"__FLOAT_WORD_ORDER__=__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__",
"__USFRACT_MIN__=0.0UHR",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSULK=1",
"__ULLACCUM_IBIT__=16",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSULR=1",
"__UQQ_IBIT__=0",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_LLRBITS=1",
"__SCHAR_WIDTH__=8",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSULLK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_BITSULLR=1",
"__INT32_C(c)=c ## L",
"__DEC64_EPSILON__=1E-15DD",
"__ORDER_PDP_ENDIAN__=3412",
"__DEC128_MIN_EXP__=(-6142)",
"__UHQ_FBIT__=16",
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"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDULLK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ROUNDULLR=1",
"__INT_FAST32_TYPE__=long int",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_HRBITS=1",
"__UINT_LEAST16_TYPE__=unsigned int",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_UHRBITS=1",
"__INT16_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__SIZE_TYPE__=unsigned int",
"__UINT64_MAX__=0xffffffffffffffffULL",
"__UDQ_FBIT__=64",
"__INT8_TYPE__=signed char",
"__cpp_digit_separators=201309",
"__ELF__=1",
"__ULFRACT_EPSILON__=0x1P-32ULR",
"__LLFRACT_FBIT__=63",
"__FLT_RADIX__=2",
"__INT_LEAST16_TYPE__=int",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ABSFX=1",
"__LDBL_EPSILON__=1.19209290e-7L",
"__UINTMAX_C(c)=c ## ULL",
"__INT24_MIN__=(-__INT24_MAX__-1)",
"__SACCUM_MAX__=0X7FFFP-7HK",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ABSHR=1",
"__SIG_ATOMIC_MAX__=0x7f",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_WCHAR_T_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__cpp_sized_deallocation=201309",
"__SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T__=2",
"__AVR=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ABSLK=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_ABSLR=1",
"__LACCUM_EPSILON__=0x1P-31LK",
"__DEC32_SUBNORMAL_MIN__=0.000001E-95DF",
"__INT_FAST16_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__UINT_FAST32_MAX__=0xffffffffUL",
"__UINT_LEAST64_TYPE__=long long unsigned int",
"__USACCUM_MAX__=0XFFFFP-8UHK",
"__SFRACT_EPSILON__=0x1P-7HR",
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"__DEC64_MAX__=9.999999999999999E384DD",
"__INT_FAST32_WIDTH__=32",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_RBITS=1",
"__CHAR16_TYPE__=unsigned int",
"__PRAGMA_REDEFINE_EXTNAME=1",
"__SIZE_WIDTH__=16",
"__INT_LEAST16_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__DEC64_MANT_DIG__=16",
"__UINT_LEAST32_MAX__=0xffffffffUL",
"__SACCUM_FBIT__=7",
"__FLT32_DENORM_MIN__=1.40129846e-45F32",
"__GCC_ATOMIC_LONG_LOCK_FREE=1",
"__SIG_ATOMIC_WIDTH__=8",
"__INT_LEAST64_TYPE__=long long int",
"__INT16_TYPE__=int",
"__INT_LEAST8_TYPE__=signed char",
"__SQ_FBIT__=31",
"__DEC32_MAX_EXP__=97",
"__INT_FAST8_MAX__=0x7f",
"__INTPTR_MAX__=0x7fff",
"__QQ_FBIT__=7",
"__cpp_range_based_for=200907",
"__UTA_IBIT__=16",
"__AVR_ERRATA_SKIP__=1",
"__FLT32_MIN_10_EXP__=(-37)",
"__LDBL_MANT_DIG__=24",
"__SFRACT_FBIT__=7",
"__SACCUM_MIN__=(-0X1P7HK-0X1P7HK)",
"__DBL_HAS_QUIET_NAN__=1",
"__SIG_ATOMIC_MIN__=(-__SIG_ATOMIC_MAX__ - 1)",
"AVR=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_FMULS=1",
"__cpp_return_type_deduction=201304",
"__INTPTR_TYPE__=int",
"__UINT16_TYPE__=unsigned int",
"__WCHAR_TYPE__=int",
"__SIZEOF_FLOAT__=4",
"__AVR__=1",
"__BUILTIN_AVR_INSERT_BITS=1",
"__USQ_FBIT__=32",
"__UINTPTR_MAX__=0xffffU",
"__INT_FAST64_WIDTH__=64",
"__DEC64_MIN_EXP__=(-382)",
"__cpp_decltype=200707",
"__FLT32_DECIMAL_DIG__=9",
"__INT_FAST64_MAX__=0x7fffffffffffffffLL",
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},
/*{
"name": "ESP8266",
"compilerPath": "C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\bin\\xtensa-lx106-elf-g++",
"compilerArgs": [
"-U__STRICT_ANSI__",
"-w",
"-mlongcalls",
"-mtext-section-literals",
"-fno-rtti",
"-falign-functions=4",
"-std=gnu++11"
],
"intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64",
"includePath": [
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\tools\\sdk\\include",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\tools\\sdk\\lwip2\\include",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\tools\\sdk\\libc\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\include",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\cores\\esp8266",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\variants\\nodemcu",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\libraries\\ESP8266WebServer\\src",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\libraries\\ESP8266WiFi\\src",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\libraries\\ArduinoOTA",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\libraries\\ESP8266mDNS\\src",
"c:\\users\\你的用户名\\appdata\\local\\arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\include\\c++\\4.8.2",
"c:\\users\\你的用户名\\appdata\\local\\arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\include\\c++\\4.8.2\\xtensa-lx106-elf",
"c:\\users\\你的用户名\\appdata\\local\\arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\include\\c++\\4.8.2\\backward",
"c:\\users\\你的用户名\\appdata\\local\\arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\lib\\gcc\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\4.8.2\\include",
"c:\\users\\你的用户名\\appdata\\local\\arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\lib\\gcc\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\4.8.2\\include-fixed",
"c:\\users\\你的用户名\\appdata\\local\\arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\tools\\xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc\\2.5.0-4-b40a506\\xtensa-lx106-elf\\include",
"C:\\Users\\你的用户名\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp8266\\hardware\\esp8266\\2.7.4\\libraries\\**",
"项目文件夹路径\\**",
"${workspaceFolder}"
],
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]
}*/
/*如果你有使用VSCode开发ESP8266的需求，请取消上面那一大块代码的注释*/
]
}
请注意替换代码中的中文提示为你自己的值，比如“你的ArduinoIDE安装目录”或是“项目文件夹路径”
在.vscode文件夹下创建名为arduino.json的文件。
在该文件内写入如下内容：
{
"output": "BuildTempFile"
}
即设置编译缓存
至此，将.vscode文件夹备份一份存在别的地方，以后新建工程时会用到。
总算配置完成了！
使用VSCode开发arduino/esp8266
工程
在使用ArduinoIDE开发Arduino的时候，你会发现，一个工程总是位于一个目录下，否则无法正常编译工程，且目录结构通常像是下面这样：
xxx
|--xxx.ino（工程本体，与目录同名）
|--aaa.cpp
\--bbb.h
（如果是多文件工程还会有像上面这样的.cpp和.h文件）
在VSCode中开发Arduino，也有类似“工程”的概念。一个工程总是位于一个目录下，否则无法正常编译工程，且目录结构通常像是下面这样：
xxx
|--.vscode
| |--arduino.json
| \--c_cpp_properties.json
|--xxx.ino（工程本体，与目录同名）
|--BuildTempFile（如果设置了编译缓存则会有这个文件夹，里面内容很杂，这里省略）
|--aaa.cpp
\--bbb.h
（如果是多文件工程还会有像上面这样的.cpp和.h文件）
新建工程
在磁盘上你喜欢的位置新建一个文件夹（路径及名字最好都不要含有中文和空格），此文件夹即为你的工程目录，此文件夹的名称即为你的工程名。
将之前备份好的.vscode文件复制一份到工程目录下。
在工程目录下，新建名为工程名.ino（注意替换“工程名”三个字为你真正的工程名）的文件，此文件即为你工程的工程主文件。
至此，你便完成了新建工程的工作。
打开工程
有两种方式打开一个工程。
第一种方式
在文件资源管理器中，在工程文件夹界面的空白处右键，点击通过 Code 打开，即可打开工程。
第二种方式
先启动VSCode，点击菜单栏文件->打开文件夹…或Ctrl+K Ctrl+O，在弹出的界面中选择工程文件夹，点击“打开”即可打开工程。
页面功能区介绍
打开工程后，点击左侧.ino文件，则会看到这样的页面：
以下是各功能区之功能的介绍
代码编辑区
写代码的地方。
文件资源管理器
在此处可以对工程目录里的文件进行删除、打开、重命名等操作，还可以新建文件。
大纲
代码中定义的各种宏、函数、变量、类/结构体、模板等都会在此处显示，方便查找。
示例程序区
此处可以打开arduino内置的各种示例程序。
需要注意的是，打开的示例程序的工程目录里的.vscode文件夹不是我们自己亲手配置的文件夹，所以需要删除.vscode文件夹再把之前备份的.vscode文件夹拷一份进去。
标签页
顾名思义，打开的文件会在此显示标签。
小地图
代码的“鸟瞰图”，可当作滑动条拖动。
功能按钮区
如果你在此区有一个三角形的按钮，请无视它，它和arduino没有任何关系。
带有向下箭头的按钮是上传按钮，功能和arduinoIDE中的上传功能一致。
带有对勾的按钮是验证按钮，又称编译/构建按钮，功能和arduinoIDE中的验证功能一致。
形同书页的按钮是分页按钮，可以把目前的编辑界面分开成多个。
状态栏
这是一个很重要的功能区。
以下的按钮尤为重要：
请按以下顺序分别设置它们：
- 点击最右侧的按钮，如果你开发Arduino，请选择
Arduino，如果你开发ESP8266，请选择ESP8266（前提是在设置c_cpp_properties.json文件时将ESP8266配置方案取消了注释） - 点击
<Select Board Type>，选择板型和板子的详细配置（提示，可以键入来搜索开发板） - 如果你开发Arduino，请点击
<Select Programmer>，选择你使用的编程器（一般情况下使用AVRISP MKII） - 点击
<Select Serial Port>，选择开发板位于的串口号（前提是开发板已插入电脑并正确识别）
问题面板
点击VSCode窗口左下角的按钮可以打开问题面板：
问题区
此处会显示代码中存在的问题。
输出区
这里
选择Arduino后，当开始验证或上传后，此处会显示提示信息（等价于arduinoIDE下方的黑框）
锁头按钮可以开关自动滚动。
带有叉号的按钮可以清除输出信息。
调试控制台
请无视它，arduino不需要它。
终端
此处可以在工程目录下启动终端，方便某些高级操作。
串口监视器在哪呢？
点击状态栏中形如插头的按钮可以打开串口监视器。
再次点击可以关闭。
我该如何向串口发送字符串？
稍微有些遗憾的是，arduino将向串口发送字符串这一功能隐藏得特别深并且特别麻烦：
按F1或Ctrl+Shift+P打开命令面板，输入Arduino: Send Text to Serial Port即可发送一个字符串。
再次发送需要再次操作。
其他功能
按F1或Ctrl+Shift+P打开命令面板，输入Arduino: Library Manager 可以打开库管理器。
按F1或Ctrl+Shift+P打开命令面板，输入Arduino: Board Manager 可以打开开发板管理器。
快捷键
可以通过百度或者谷歌搜索了解VSCode的快捷键。
此外，有两个快捷键是应该被知道的：
- Ctrl+Alt+R：验证代码
- Ctrl+Alt+U：上传代码
另外，永远不要好奇地去按Ctrl+Alt+I！
其他问题
如果你同时使用VSCode编写c/c++程序，请在编写c/c++的工作区禁用arduino插件，arduino插件会干扰c/c++的编写体验。
实在不行，就在平时全局禁用arduino插件，当你需要开发arduino时再启用它。
标签：__,esp8266,arduino,VSCode,MAX,MIN,AVR,BUILTIN,TYPE 来源： https://blog.csdn.net/Cykinter/article/details/116572021