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LVS-DR

2020-12-08 19:32:34 作者：互联网

原理

关于LVS的更多详细理论，可参考本人博客：LVS-NAT

DR模式
直接路由
Direct Routing，简称DR模式；
采用半开放式的网络结构，与TUN模式的结构类似，但各节点并不是分散在各地，而是与调度器位于同一个物理网络；
负载调度器与各节点服务器通过本地网络连接，不需要建立专用的IP隧道
DR模式和NAT模式的不同
NAT模式通过分发器做DNAT改变目标mac地址数据进出必须经过分发器 realserver达到多台是会影响服务器的上传速度
DR直接路由解决了对分发器造成的负担通过网关路由接收到用户的请求通过分发器访问分发器IP 分发器看到目标地址和自己地址一样所以收下这个包但是作为分发器不作处理然后根据分发器选取一台realserver 将包转发过去但是如果realserver要接受这个包必须也拥有和分发器同样的IP地址最后由realserver直接发送给路由数据出去不经过分发器目标地址为客户端地址源地址为分发器地址这样避免下次发包直接发给这台realserver 因为数据进来必须经过分发器
DR和TUN的相同点：
都是各web节点直接相应客户机
不同点：
TUN各节点都有独立的公网地址，DR没有；
TUN各web节点和调度器是IP隧道的方式通讯，DR各web节点和调度器是局域网方式通讯；
TUN各web节点直接响应客户机，DR通过路由器；

项目部署

组成部分

LVS服务器： 1台
NFS服务器： 1台
web服务器： 2台
客户机

实际部署

在LVS服务器上的操作

1.	开启路由功能
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl –p
2.	加载LVS模块，并查看版本信息
modprobe ip_vs
cat /proc/net/ip_vs
3.	安装管理软件
yum -y install ipvsadm.x86_64
4.	编辑调度服务器脚本
vim dr.sh
#!/bin/bash
ifconfig ens33:0 192.168.31.100 broadcast 192.168.31.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host 192.168.31.100 dev ens33:0                  
ipvsadm -C                                                  
ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.31.100:80 -s rr
ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.31.100:80 -r 192.168.31.30:80 -g
ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.31.100:80 -r 192.168.31.50:80 -g
ipvsadm -Ln       

5.	执行脚本
sh dr.sh

NFS服务器上的部署

yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind  #rpcbind默认已安装

配置共享目录
mkdir /opt/web1
echo "<h1>wawawaw<h1>" > /opt/web1/index.html
mkdir /opt/web2
echo "<h1>hahahaha<h1>" > /opt/web2/index.html

资源共享
vim /etc/exports
/opt/web1 192.168.31.30/24(ro)
/opt/web2 192.168.31.50/24(ro)

将服务重启
systemctl restart nfs
systemctl restart rpcbind

查看资源共享情况
showmount –e

web服务器上的部署

1. yum –y install httpd
2.	查询nfs资源共享情况
showmount -e 192.168.31.40
3.	挂载使用nfs共享资源
mount 192.168.31.40:/opt/web1 /var/www/html
4.  启动apache
systemctl start httpd
5.	vim web1.sh
#!/bin/bash
ifconfig lo:0 192.168.31.100 broadcast 192.168.31.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host 192.168.31.100 dev lo:0
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p &> /dev/null

6.	sh web1.sh
7.	ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.30  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::52ee:7827:1ca5:d67e  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:5f:82:06  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 9966  bytes 1092688 (1.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 5609  bytes 692958 (676.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 204  bytes 20381 (19.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 204  bytes 20381 (19.9 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo:0: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 192.168.31.100  netmask 255.255.255.255
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:26:08:49  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

另一台web服务器上

1.	yum –y install httpd
2.	查询nfs资源共享情况
showmount -e 192.168.31.40
3.	挂载使用nfs共享资源
mount 192.168.31.40:/opt/web2 /var/www/html
4.	启动apache
systemctl start httpd
5.	vim web2.sh
#!/bin/bash
ifconfig lo:0 192.168.31.100 broadcast 192.168.31.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host 192.168.31.100 dev lo:0
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p &> /dev/null
6.	sh web2.sh
7.	ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.50  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::df4b:9ede:7f72:cd5c  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:af:3c:82  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 9588  bytes 976075 (953.1 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4956  bytes 541756 (529.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 21429  bytes 1799548 (1.7 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 21429  bytes 1799548 (1.7 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo:0: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 192.168.31.100  netmask 255.255.255.255
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:90:ba:94  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

效果验证

在这里插入图片描述

标签：LVS,lo,RX,31.100,192.168,overruns,255.255,DR
来源： https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_50344792/article/details/110879478