开始说起：向上转型(upcasting) 、向下转型(downcasting)。这就叫 upcasting
作者：互联网
Java 转型问题其实并不复杂，只要记住一句话：父类引用指向子类对象。
什么叫父类引用指向子类对象，且听我慢慢道来。
从 2 个名词开始说起：向上转型(upcasting) 、向下转型(downcasting)。
举个例子：有2个类，Father 是父类，Son 类继承自 Father。
第 1 个例子：
Father f1 = new Son(); // 这就叫 upcasting （向上转型)
// 现在 f1 引用指向一个Son对象
Son s1 = (Son)f1; // 这就叫 downcasting (向下转型)
// 现在f1 还是指向 Son对象
第 2 个例子：
Father f2 = new Father();
Son s2 = (Son)f2; // 出错，子类引用不能指向父类对象
你或许会问，第1个例子中：Son s1 = (Son)f1; 问为什么是正确的呢。
很简单因为 f1 指向一个子类对象，Father f1 = new Son(); 子类 s1 引用当然可以指向子类对象了。
而 f2 被传给了一个 Father 对象，Father f2 = new Father(); 子类 s2 引用不能指向父类对象。
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标签：newsmth,exp,upcasting,转型,topic,https,Reader,net,downcasting 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/taboe/p/13655675.html