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CodeGo.net>如何使派生类函数被执行?

作者:互联网

我们有一个基类:过滤器. DistrFilter和ReportFilter继承自Filter.

在另一个类FilterService.cs中,我们有两个函数可以接受这三种类类型. FilterService对Filter对象进行操作,但不会继承任何内容.

public class FilterService
{

  public string GetDesc(List<T> filters) where T : Filter
  {
     if(filters.Count == 0) return String.Empty;

     StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder("<ul>");
     foreach (T f in filters)
         s.AppendFormat("<li>{1}</li>", GetFilterText(f));

     s.Append("</ul>");

     return s.ToString();
  }

  public string GetFilterText(Filter f)
  {
     return "filter";
  }

  public string GetFilterText(DistrFilter f)
  {
     return "distr filter";
  }

  public string GetFilterText(ReportFilter f)
  {
     return "report filter";
  }
}

public static void main(string[] args)
{
   List<DistrFilter> distrFilters = new List<DistrFilters>();
   distrFilters.Add(new DistrFilter());
   distrFilters.Add(new DistrFilter());
   distrFilters.Add(new DistrFilter());

   FilterService fs = new FilterService();
   Console.WriteLine(fs.GetDescription(distrFilters));
}

然后打印:
    
    >过滤器
    >过滤器
    …
    

我如何获得打印它呢?
    
    > Distr过滤器
    > Distr过滤器
    …

解决方法:

在Filter中将GetFilterText()实现为虚拟方法:

class Filter
{
    // Can be converted into a property as well.
    public virtual string GetFilterText { return "filter"; }
}

class DistrFilter : Filter
{
    public override string GetFilterText { return "distr filter"; }
}

然后执行以下操作:

StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder("<ul>");
foreach (T f in filters)
    s.AppendFormat("<li>{0}</li>", f.GetFilterText());

或者,如果您想将指定过滤器文本的注意与“过滤器”类分开,请使用双分派(访客模式).如果您可以具有不同类型的过滤器服务,则这很有用.这可以通过以下方式完成:

interface IServiceAcceptor
{
    string Accept(FilterService service);
}

public class Filter : IServiceAcceptor
{
    string IServiceAcceptor.Accept(FilterService service)
    {
        return service.GetFilterText(this);
    }   
}

public class DistrFilter : Filter, IServiceAcceptor
{
    string IServiceAcceptor.Accept(FilterService service)
    {
        return service.GetFilterText(this);
    }       
}

public class ReportFilter : Filter, IServiceAcceptor
{
    string IServiceAcceptor.Accept(FilterService service)
    {
        return service.GetFilterText(this);
    }       
}

然后为您服务:

  public string GetDesc<T>(List<T> filters) where T : IServiceAcceptor
  {
     if(filters.Count == 0) return String.Empty;

     var s = new StringBuilder("<ul>");
     foreach (T f in filters)
         s.AppendFormat("<li>{0}</li>", f.Accept(this));

     s.Append("</ul>");

     return s.ToString();
  }

一些参考:Double dispatch,Visitor Pattern

标签:derived-class,inheritance,overloading,c
来源: https://codeday.me/bug/20191102/1989231.html