c语言描述-栈的基本操作
作者:互联网
一朵花儿开,就有一朵花儿败,满山的鲜花,只有代码最可爱
栈的顺序存取
#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAXSIZE 100 //定义最大存储空间
#define STACKINCREMENT 10 //增加的存储空间,increment意为:加薪、增值
typedef struct {
int *base;
int *top;
int sum; //记录元素个数
int stacksize;
}Stack;
//初始化栈
void Init(Stack *s){
s->base=(int *)malloc(MAXSIZE*sizeof(Stack));
if(s->base==NULL){
printf("内存分配失败!");
}
s->top=s->base;
s->stacksize=MAXSIZE;
s->sum=0;
}
//在栈顶插入一个元素
void Push(Stack *s){
int e;
printf("请输入要插入的元素:");
scanf("%d",&e);
if(s->top-s->base>=s->stacksize){
s->base=(int *)realloc(s->base,s->stacksize+STACKINCREMENT*sizeof(Stack));
if(s->base==NULL)
{
printf("内存添加失败!");
}
s->stacksize=s->stacksize+STACKINCREMENT;
}
*(s->top++)=e;
s->sum++;
}
//向栈内输入元素
void Input(Stack *s){
int e;
printf("请依次输入数据\n");
while(s->top-s->base<s->stacksize){
//e=NULL;
scanf("%d",&e);
s->sum++;
*(s->top++)=e;
if(getchar()=='\n')
break;
}
}
//打印栈内元素
void PrintStack(Stack *s){
int e;
printf("栈内元素为:");
for(int i=1;i<=s->sum;i++)
{
e=*(s->top-i);
printf("%d ",e);
}
printf("\n");
}
//情况栈内元素
void ClearStack(Stack *s){
while(s->top!=s->base)
{
--s->top;
}
}
//删除栈顶元素
void Pop(Stack *s){
int e;
if(s->base==s->top){
printf("栈为空!");
exit(0);
}
else{
e=*(--s->top);
}
s->sum--;
}
//返回元素个数
int Stacklength(Stack *s){
return s->sum;
}
//返回栈顶元素
void GetTop(Stack *s)
{
int e;
if(s->base==s->top)
{
printf("栈为空!");
exit(0);
}
e=*(s->top-1);
printf("栈顶元素为:%d\n",e);
}
int main(){
Stack stack1,*p;
p=&stack1;
Init(p);
Input(p);
Push(p);
GetTop(p);
PrintStack(p);
Pop(p);
PrintStack(p);
ClearStack(p);
}
/* 运行结果
请依次输入数据
1 2 3 4 5 6
请输入要插入的元素:9
栈顶元素为:9
栈内元素为:9 6 5 4 3 2 1
栈内元素为:6 5 4 3 2 1
Program ended with exit code: 0
*/
上面代码要注意--s->top与top-1的区别,执行--s->top时,栈的长度会改变,因为指针下移,而执行top-1时,指针的指向并未改变;
栈的链式存取
#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
typedef struct Stack
{
int date;
int stacksize; //记录元素个数
struct Stack *next;
struct Stack *base; //栈底指针
struct Stack *top; //栈顶指针
}Stack;
//输入数据
void InitStack(Stack *s)
{
s->stacksize=0;
int e;
Stack *p;
printf("请输入数据:\n");
for (int i=0;;i++)
{
p=(Stack *)malloc(sizeof(Stack));
if(!p)
exit(0);
scanf("%d",&e);
p->date=e;
if(s->stacksize==0) //当插入第一个元素时,指针的变化
{
s->base=p; //赋给栈底指针
s->top=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else
{
p->next=s->top;
s->top=p;
}
s->stacksize++;
if(getchar()=='\n') //此句要放最后
break;
}
}
//在栈顶插入数据
void push(Stack *s,int *num)
{
Stack *p;
p=(Stack *)malloc(sizeof(Stack));
if(!p)
exit(0);
p->date=*num;
p->next=s->top;
s->top=p;
s->stacksize++;
}
//显示栈内元素
void ShowStack(Stack *s)
{
int e;
Stack *p;
p=s->top;
for(int i=0;i<s->stacksize;i++)
{
e=p->date;
p=p->next;
printf("%d ",e);
}
printf("\n");
}
//栈出栈顶元素
void Pop(Stack *s)
{
Stack *p;
p=s->top;
s->top=p->next;
free(p);
s->stacksize--;
}
int main()
{
int e=9;
Stack stack1,*p;
p=&stack1;
InitStack(p);
push(p,&e);
ShowStack(p);
Pop(p);
ShowStack(p);
return 0;
}
//运行结果
/*
请输入数据:
1 2 3 4
9 4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1
Program ended with exit code: 0
*/
标签:语言,int,top,base,printf,基本操作,stacksize,Stack,描述 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/zhulmz/p/11657800.html