如何在SpringJunit4TestRunner中将@ComponentScan与特定于测试的ContextConfiguration一起使用？

我正在测试一个Spring Boot应用程序.我有几个测试类,每个测试类都需要一组不同的模拟或其他定制的bean.

这是设置草图：

的src / main / java的：

package com.example.myapp;

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(
        basePackageClasses = {
                MyApplication.class,
                ImportantConfigurationFromSomeLibrary.class,
                ImportantConfigurationFromAnotherLibrary.class})
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableHystrix
public class MyApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MyApplication.class, args);
    }
}

package com.example.myapp.feature1;

@Component
public class Component1 {
    @Autowired
    ServiceClient serviceClient;

    @Autowired
    SpringDataJpaRepository dbRepository;

    @Autowired
    ThingFromSomeLibrary importantThingIDontWantToExplicitlyConstructInTests;

    // methods I want to test...
}

的src /测试/ JAVA：

package com.example.myapp;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyApplication.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class Component1TestWithFakeCommunication {

    @Autowired
    Component1 component1; // <-- the thing we're testing. wants the above mock implementations of beans wired into it.

    @Autowired
    ServiceClient mockedServiceClient;

    @Configuration
    static class ContextConfiguration {
        @Bean
        @Primary
        public ServiceClient mockedServiceClient() {
            return mock(ServiceClient.class);
        }
    }

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        reset(mockedServiceClient);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldBehaveACertainWay() {
        // customize mock, call component methods, assert results...
    }
}

package com.example.myapp;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyApplication.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class Component1TestWithRealCommunication {

    @Autowired
    Component1 component1; // <-- the thing we're testing. wants the real implementations in this test.

    @Autowired
    ServiceClient mockedServiceClient;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        reset(mockedServiceClient);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldBehaveACertainWay() {
        // call component methods, assert results...
    }
}

上述设置的问题在于MyApplication中配置的组件扫描会选择Component1TestWithFakeCommunication.ContextConfiguration,因此我甚至在Component1TestWithRealCommunication中获得了一个模拟ServiceClient,我想要真正的ServiceClient实现.

虽然我可以在两个测试中使用@Autowired构造函数并自己构建组件,但是有足够数量的东西具有复杂的设置,我宁愿为我设置Spring TestContext(例如,Spring Data JPA存储库,来自库的组件)在应用程序之外,从Spring上下文中拉豆等).将Spring配置嵌套在可以在Spring上下文中本地覆盖某些bean定义的测试中,感觉它应该是一种干净的方式来执行此操作;唯一的缺点是这些嵌套配置最终会影响所有Spring TestContext测试,这些测试基于MyApplication(该组件扫描应用程序包)的配置.

我如何修改我的设置,所以我仍然得到一个“大多数真正的”Spring上下文,我的测试只有几个本地重写的bean在每个测试类中？

解决方法:

以下内容应该通过引入仅适用于当前测试类的新假通信配置文件来帮助您实现目标.

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyApplication.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ActiveProfiles({"test", "fake-communication"})
public class Component1TestWithFakeCommunication {

    // @Autowired ...

    @Profile("fake-communication")
    @Configuration
    static class ContextConfiguration {
        @Bean
        @Primary
        public ServiceClient mockedServiceClient() {
            return mock(ServiceClient.class);
        }
    }
}

标签：spring,spring-boot,spring-test
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191006/1859379.html