[转载]关于laravel中表关系的一对一、一对多、多对一、多对多实践
作者：互联网
这是转载的文章
出处：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38112233/article/details/79220535
作者：重新遇到
一。建表和插入测试数据
1.用户表建表及测试数据
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_user`; CREATE TABLE `it_user` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键', `name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名', `password` char(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码(不使用md5)', `country_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `国家id` (`country_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入测试数据
INSERT INTO `it_user` VALUES ('1', 'xiaoming', '123456', '1');
INSERT INTO `it_user` VALUES ('2', 'xiaomei', '123456', '1');
INSERT INTO `it_user` VALUES ('3', 'xiaoli-new', '123', '1');
2.用户详情表建表及测试数据
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_user_info`; CREATE TABLE `it_user_info` ( `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `tel` char(11) DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `addr` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入测试数据
INSERT INTO `it_user_info` VALUES ('1', '13012345678', 'xiaoming@163.com', '北京');
INSERT INTO `it_user_info` VALUES ('2', '15923456789', 'xiaomei@163.com', '上海');
INSERT INTO `it_user_info` VALUES ('3', '18973245670', 'xiaoli@163.com', '武汉');
3文章表建表及测试数据
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_article`; CREATE TABLE `it_article` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `title` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `content` text, `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `user_id` (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入测试数据
INSERT INTO `it_article` VALUES ('1', '世界那么大，我想去看看', '钱包那么小，总是不够', '1');
INSERT INTO `it_article` VALUES ('2', '我想撞角遇到爱', '却是碰到鬼', '2');
INSERT INTO `it_article` VALUES ('3', '哈哈哈哈', '嘻嘻嘻嘻', '1');
4.国家表建表及测试数据
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_country`; CREATE TABLE `it_country` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入测试数据
INSERT INTO `it_country` VALUES ('1', '中国');
INSERT INTO `it_country` VALUES ('2', '美国');
5.用户角色表建表及测试数据
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_role`; CREATE TABLE `it_role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入测试数据
INSERT INTO `it_role` VALUES ('1', '开发');
INSERT INTO `it_role` VALUES ('2', '测试');
INSERT INTO `it_role` VALUES ('3', '管理');
6.用户和角色中间表表建表及测试数据
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_user_role`; CREATE TABLE `it_user_role` ( `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `role_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, KEY `role_id` (`role_id`), KEY `user_id` (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入测试数据
INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES ('1', '1');
INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES ('1', '2');
INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES ('1', '3');
INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES ('2', '1');
INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES ('3', '2');
二设置表前缀
打开config/database.php
'prefix' => env('DB_PREFIX', ''),
然后在.env文件中加入DB_PREFIX=it_
执行命令
php artisan make:controller ORM\UserController
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\ORM;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
class UserController extends Controller
{
public function relation($mode)
{
switch ($mode){
case '1_1':
{
//一对一
}
break;
case '1_n':
{
//一对多
}
break;
case 'n_1':
{
//多对一
}
break;
case 'n_n':
{
//多对多
}
break;
default;
}
}
}
php artisan make:model UserModel
Model created successfully.
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class UserModel extends Model
{
protected $table = 'user';//真是表名
protected $primaryKey = 'id';//主键字段，默认为id
protected $fillable = ['name','password'];//可以操作的字段
public $timestamps = false;//如果数据表中没有created_at和updated_id字段，则$timestamps则可以不设置，默认为true
public function Userinfo()
{
/*
* @param [string] [name] [需要关联的模型类名]
* @param [string] [foreign] [参数一指定数据表中的字段]
* */
return $this->hasOne('App\Userinfo','user_id');
}
}
php artisan make:model Userinfo
Model created successfully.
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Userinfo extends Model
{
protected $table = 'user_info';
protected $primaryKey = 'user_id';
protected $fillable = ['user_id','tel','email','addr'];
public $timestamps = false;
}
添加路由
Route::get('/orm/relation/{mode}','ORM\UserController@relation');
三。编写UserController, 调用一对一方法
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\ORM;
use App\UserModel;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
class UserController extends Controller
{
public function relation($mode)
{
switch ($mode){
case '1_1':
{
//一对一
$data = UserModel::find(1)->Userinfo()->get();
dd($data);
}
break;
case '1_n':
{
//一对多
}
break;
case 'n_1':
{
//多对一
}
break;
case 'n_n':
{
//多对多
}
break;
default;
}
}
}
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/1_1
php artisan make:model Article
Model created successfully.
编写Article模型
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Article extends Model
{
protected $table = 'article';
protected $primaryKey = 'id';
protected $fillable = ['id','title','content','user_id'];
public $timestamps = false;
}
编写UserModel, 加入一对多方法
public function Artice()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Article','User_id');
}
编写UserController,调用一对多方法
case '1_n':
{
//一对多
$data = UserModel::find(1)->Artice()->get();
dd($data);
}
break;
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/1_n
php artisan make:model Country
Model created successfully.
、编写country模型文件
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Country extends Model
{
protected $table = 'country'; //真实表名
protected $primaryKey = "id"; //主键id
protected $fillable = ['id','name']; //允许操作的字段
public $timestamps =false; //如果数据表中没有created_at和updated_id字段，则$timestamps则可以不设置，默认为true
}
编写UserModel, 加入多对一方法
public function Country()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\Country','country_id');
}
编写UserController, 调用方法
case 'n_1':
{
//多对一
//多对一
$data = UserModel::find(1)->Country()->get();
dd($data);
}
break;
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/n_1
1、创建role模型对象
执行命令
php artisan make:model Role
执行命令
php artisan make:model User_role
2、编写Role模型
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Role extends Model
{
protected $table = 'role';
protected $primaryKey = "id";
protected $fillable = ['name'];
public $timestamps =false;
}
编写User_role模型
因为表中没有主键字段，所以需要两个字段即可
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class User_role extends Model
{
protected $table = 'user_role';
public $timestamps =false;
}
3、编写UserModel, 加入多对多方法
public function Role(){
/*
* 第一个参数：要关联的表对应的类
* 第二个参数：中间表的表名
* 第三个参数：当前表跟中间表对应的外键
* 第四个参数：要关联的表跟中间表对应的外键
* */
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Role','user_role','user_id','role_id');
}
4、编写UserController, 调用多对多方法
case 'n_n':
{
//多对多
$data = UserModel::find(2)->Role()->get();
dd($data);
}
break;
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/n_n
标签：laravel,INSERT,一对一,INTO,中表,role,user,VALUES,id 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/code1521/p/10778067.html