耿建超英语语法---非谓语动词作宾补
作者:互联网
1 动名词作宾补
这个用法很少,举个例子体会:
- 我们叫这种活动为野营---we call this activity camping.
2 不定式作宾补
一般格式为:“v + sb to do”。不是所有的动词v都有这种结构,常见的动词如下:
- tell/ask,get(让),cause(促使),want/wish,allow/permit,beg,expect
- encourage,force/oblige,invite,order,warn,remind,promise,persuade
举例如下:
- 我妈妈让我十点之前回来---my mother told/asked me to come back before ten o'clock.
3 分词作宾补
不是所有的动词后边都可以接分词作宾补,常见的能接分词作宾补的动词如下所示:
注:
(1)“v + do”表示不定式“v + to do”,这是这里是特殊用法,省略了“to”;当用“v + do”的形式的时候,变被动需要加上“to”。
(2)“v + do”表示“做的整个过程,强调已经发生的事情”;“v + doing”表示“瞬间的一个动作,强调正在进行”
(3)catch 一般只接doing,表示“当场抓到”
举例:
(1)我看到他打电话---i saw him call.
(2)我看到他正在打电话---i saw him calling.
(3)他被看到打电话了---he was seen to make a phone call.
(4)他被看到当时正在打电话---he was seen making a phone call.
(5)我看见电脑被修了---i saw computer repaired.
4 非谓语动词作宾补-使役动词
4.1 have
(1)have + 宾语 + do
表示“让某人作某事”,指长辈对晚辈,上级对下级,也有可能是同级,有点命令的语气,不会得到拒绝。
举例:我会让他明天早点来---i will have him come early tomorrow.
(2)have + 宾语 + done
表被动,指动作的执行者是别人或者遭遇不幸。
举例:
- 我把头发剪了---i had my hair cut.
- 我的钱包昨天被偷了---my wallet was stolen yesterday===i have my wallet stolen yesterday.
(3)have + 宾语 + doing
持续动作,常接时间段;否定的时候表示“不允许”
举例:
- 你已经让我在这里等两个小时了---you already had me waiting here for two hours.
- 别让狗老叫---don't have dog barking.
(4)have + 宾语 + a/adv/介短
举例:
- 明天之前把钱准备好---have the money ready before tomorrow.
- 让他去楼上---have him upstairs.
- 让猫在箱子里呆着---have cat in the box.
4.2 make
(1)make + 宾语 + do
表示“让某人做某事”,指不可控,轻微强迫,可以用作被动。
举例:
- 他让我们笑了---he made us laugh.(不可控)
- 老师让我们每天做两个小时作业---the teacher makes us do homework for two hours everyday.(轻微强迫)
- 他让我们笑了---we are made to laugh by him.(变被动需要加上to)
(2)make + 宾语 + done
表被动。
举例: 你让他被开除了---you made him fired.
(3)make + 宾语 + doing
不常用,表示“一直做某事,处于某种状态”。
举例:他让水一直流着---he makes water running/flowing.
(4)make + 宾语 + n/a/adv/介短
举例:
- 把它养成习惯---make it a habit.
- 这可能会让你生气---this thing can make you angry.
- 他让我出局了---he made me out.
- 他把污垢从墙上弄下来了---he made the stain off the wall.
4.3 get
(1)get + 宾语 + to do
表示“想办法让某人做某事”。
举例:他想办法让他爸爸给他买了辆车---he get his father to buy a new car for him.
(2)get + 宾语 + done
表被动,举例:把它换了---get it changed.
(3)get + 宾语 + doing
表示“处于某种状态”。举例:他开车开得很快---he got his car running fast.
(4)get + 宾语 + a/adv/介短
用法与have差不多,举例如下:
- 把钱准备好---get the money ready.
- 把它弄出去---get it out.
- 他把箱子从衣柜上弄了下来---he got the box off the closet.
4.4 leave
(1)leave + 宾语 + to do
强调未来的动作,举例:我们让她自己解决这件事---we leave her to solve this problem.
(2)leave + 宾语 + done
表被动,举例:他没有锁门---he left the door unlocked.
(3)leave + 宾语 + doing
强调正在发生的事,并持续;举例如下:
- 他洗菜的时候总是让水流着---he leaves the water running/flowing when he bashes vegetables.
- 我车没有熄火---i left the car running.
(4)leave + 宾语 + a/adv/介短
举例:
- 开着门吧---leave the door open.
- 他整晚没有关灯---he left the light on for the whole night.
- 他把钥匙落在车里了---he left the key in the car.
4.5 keep
(1)keep + 宾语 + done
表被动;举例:锁上门---keep the door closed.
(2)keep + 宾语 + doing
表“保持某种状态”;举例;对不起让你等这么久---i am sorry for keeping you waiting for me so long.
(3)keep + 宾语 + a/adv/介短
举例:
- 跑步能让你健康---running can keep you health.
- 别关灯---don't keep the light off.
- 这个号码能让我们保持联系---this number can keep us in touch.
4.6 let
(1)let + 宾语 + do
表允许;举例:让我进去---let me come in.
(2)let + 宾语 + a/adv/介短
举例:让他进来---let him in.
标签:do,get,耿建超,举例,英语语法,宾语,作宾补,him,he 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/Terrypython/p/10629199.html