从零入门项目集成icode9和Jacoco，配置测试代码覆盖率
作者：互联网
解决问题
在SpringBoot项目中，如何集成Karate测试框架和Jacoco插件。以及编写了feature测试文件，怎么样配置才能看到被测试接口代码的覆盖率。
演示版本及说明
本次讲解，基于SpringBoot2.1.4.RELEASE版本，可根据项目版本灵活更改。下面所有的版本号，可以自行选择，也可以直接使用下文版本。包括项目目录，都可以自行创建。
1、集成Karate测试框架，及通用配置包
在SpringBoot项目的pom.xml中，添加以下配置：
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入 Web 功能 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.intuit.karate</groupId>
<artifactId>karate-junit4</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.masterthought</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-reporting</artifactId>
<version>5.3.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2、集成Jacoco插件及配置生成接口覆盖率文件
在pom.xml文件中添加：
<build>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>src/test/java</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
</excludes>
</testResource>
</testResources>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>coverage</id>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.2</version>
<configuration>
<includes>
<!-- ** 这个很重要 指定为下面创建的入口启动类 -->
<include>demo/DemoTestParallel.java</include>
</includes>
<!-- 这里报红不用管 -->
<argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 ${argLine}</argLine>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
<artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>0.7.9</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-prepare-agent</id>
<goals>
<goal>prepare-agent</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-report</id>
<phase>test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>report</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
3、创建启动测试和配置的相关类
1、创建基础启动类
下面的步骤是示例使用，具体使用的时候结合实际创建。
在src/test/java中创建test包，在其中创建下面四个类：
1.1 ServerStart类：
public class ServerStart {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ServerStart.class);
private ConfigurableApplicationContext context;
private MonitorThread monitor;
private int port = 0;
public void start(String[] args, boolean wait) throws Exception {
if (wait) {
try {
logger.info("attempting to stop server if it is already running");
new ServerStop().stopServer();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info("failed to stop server (was probably not up): {}", e.getMessage());
}
}
// Application 改为自己项目的启动类
context = Application.run(args);
ServerStartedInitializingBean ss = context.getBean(ServerStartedInitializingBean.class);
port = ss.getLocalPort();
logger.info("started server on port: {}", port);
if (wait) {
int stopPort = port + 1;
logger.info("will use stop port as {}", stopPort);
monitor = new MonitorThread(stopPort, () -> context.close());
monitor.start();
monitor.join();
}
}
public int getPort() {
return port;
}
@Test
public void startServer() throws Exception {
start(new String[]{}, true);
}
}
1.2 ServerStop类：
public class ServerStop {
@Test
public void stopServer() {
MonitorThread.stop(8081);
}
}
1.3 MonitorThread类：
public class MonitorThread extends Thread {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MonitorThread.class);
private Stoppable stoppable;
private ServerSocket socket;
public MonitorThread(int port, Stoppable stoppable) {
this.stoppable = stoppable;
setDaemon(true);
setName("stop-monitor-" + port);
try {
socket = new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info("starting thread: {}", getName());
Socket accept;
try {
accept = socket.accept();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
reader.readLine();
logger.info("shutting down thread: {}", getName());
stoppable.stop();
accept.close();
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public static void stop(int port) {
try {
Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), port);
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
logger.info("sending stop request to monitor thread on port: {}", port);
out.write(("\r\n").getBytes());
out.flush();
s.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
1.4 Stoppable接口：
public interface Stoppable {
void stop() throws Exception;
}
2、创建测试启动配置类
在项目的src/test/java下建一个demo的包，在包中创建下面两个类：
2.1 TestBase类：
@RunWith(Karate.class)
public abstract class TestBase {
private static ServerStart server;
public static int startServer() throws Exception {
if (server == null) { // keep spring boot side alive for all tests including package 'mock'
server = new ServerStart();
server.start(new String[]{"--server.port=0"}, false);
}
System.setProperty("demo.server.port", server.getPort() + "");
return server.getPort();
}
@BeforeClass
public static void beforeClass() throws Exception {
startServer();
}
}
2.2 DemoTestParallel类：
// 该类是测试启动类，也是配置类，需要将该类配置在pom文件里
public class DemoTestParallel {
@BeforeClass
public static void beforeClass() throws Exception {
TestBase.beforeClass();
}
@Test
public void testParallel() {
// 配置想要测试的feature文件所在目录，可自行更改
Results results = Runner.path("classpath:demo")
.outputCucumberJson(true)
// 配置测试环境，根据实际修改，也可以不改
.karateEnv("demo")
.parallel(5);
generateReport(results.getReportDir());
assertTrue(results.getErrorMessages(), results.getFailCount() == 0);
}
public static void generateReport(String karateOutputPath) {
Collection<File> jsonFiles = FileUtils.listFiles(new File(karateOutputPath), new String[] {"json"}, true);
List<String> jsonPaths = new ArrayList<>(jsonFiles.size());
jsonFiles.forEach(file -> jsonPaths.add(file.getAbsolutePath()));
Configuration config = new Configuration(new File("target"), "demo");
ReportBuilder reportBuilder = new ReportBuilder(jsonPaths, config);
reportBuilder.generateReports();
}
}