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监控服务zabbix部署

作者:互联网

zabbix介绍

  1. zabbix是由Alexei Vladishev 开发的一种网络监视、管理系统,基于Server-Client架构。可用于监视各种网络服务、服务器和网络机器等状态。
  2. 使用各种Database-end 如 MySQL,PostgreSQL,SQlite,Oracle 或IBMDB2储存资料。Server端基于C语言、Web管理端frontend则是基于PHP所制作的。
  3. zabbix可以使用多种方式监视。可以只使用Simple Check不需要安装
    Client端,亦可基于SMTP或HTTP… 各种协议定制监视。
  4. 在客户端如UNIX,Windows 中安装zabbix Agent之后,可监视CPULoad、网络使用状况、硬盘容量等各种状态。而就算没有安装Agent 在监视对象中,zabbix 也可以经由SNMP、TCP、ICMP、利用IPMI、SSH、telnet 对目标进行监视。
  5. zabbbix自带的Item足够满足普通小公司的监控需求,对于大公司也可以设定自定义的Item,自动生成报表,也有API可以和其他系统集成。
  6. zabbix由2部分构成,zabbix server与可选组件zabbix agent。

zabbix特点

zabbix的主要特点:
安装与配置简单,学习成本低
支持多语言(包括中文)
免费开源
自动发现服务器与网络设备
分布式监视以及WEB集中管理功能
可以无agent监视
用户安全认证和柔软的授权方式
通过WEB界面设置或查看监视结果
email等通知功能
zabbix主要功能:
CPU负荷
内存使用
磁盘使用
网络状况
端口监视
日志监视

为何是zabbix不是其他监控

zabbix就是可以满足理想化的监控系统需求
支持自定义监控脚本,提供需要输出的值即可
zabbix存储的数据库表结构稍有复杂但是逻辑清晰
zabbix存在模板的概念,可以方便的将一组监控项进行部署
zabbix每一个item也就是监控项,都可以看到历史记录,且web界面友好
zabbix有强大的Trigger(触发器)定义规则,可以定义复杂的报警逻辑
zabbix提供了ack报警确认机制
zabbix支持邮件,短信,微信等告警
zabbix在触发告警后,可以远程执行系统命令
zabbix有原生的PHP绘图模块

部署zabbix时为什么服务端也要安装部署zabbix
因为服务端在监控其他主机的时候,如果自己出了啥子问题是无法进行自我反应的,所以在监控其他主机的时候,也要进行自我监控,及时反应问题。

zabbix程序组件

zabbix_server,服务端守护进程
zabbix_agentd,agent守护进程
zabbix_proxy,代理服务器
zabbix_database,存储系统,mysql,pgsql
zabbix_web,web GUI图形化界面
zabbix_ get,命令行工具,测试向agent发起数据采集请求
zabbix_sender,命令行工具,测试向server发送数据
zabbix_ java_ gateway,java网关

zabbix配置文件

zabbix配置文件有两种:
服务器端配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf)
客户端配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf)
zabbix代理配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf)
img
img

部署zabbix

因为zabbix是用php语言开发的,所以必须先部署lamp架构,使其能够支持运行php网页
需要提前搭建好lamp架构,可以查看 下面的搭建方法

[lamp架构的搭建](部署LAMP - 姜翎 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com))
mysql官网
此处需要使用的mysql8mysql源码包
php官网
此处需要使用的php源码包
zabbix官网
zabbix源码包

zabbix服务端安装

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget    https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/6.2/zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
//下载源码包
--2022-09-01 22:12:50--  https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/6.2/zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
Resolving cdn.zabbix.com (cdn.zabbix.com)... 172.67.69.4, 104.26.6.148, 104.26.7.148, ...
...
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug  kernels  zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar xf zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz  //解压
[root@localhost src]# cd zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# dnf -y install net-snmp-devel libevent-devel   //安装依赖包
....
tpm2-tss-2.3.2-4.el8.x86_64                                                                          
  unzip-6.0-45.el8_4.x86_64                                                                            
  zip-3.0-23.el8.x86_64                                                                                

Complete!
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# useradd -r -d /usr/lib/zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -c "Zabbix Monitoring System" zabbix
//创建zabbix系统用户
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# mkdir -m u=rwx,g=rwx,o= -p /usr/lib/zabbix
//创建zabbix用户的家目录
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chown -R zabbix.zabbix /usr/lib/zabbix/
//使其属主属组都是zabbix
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123'  //登录数据库,配置数据库
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql>  SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/database/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
Makefile.am  Makefile.in  data.sql  double.sql  history_pk_prepare.sql  images.sql  schema.sql  
//将此处数据进行导入
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' zabbix < schema.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' zabbix < images.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' zabbix < data.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 18
Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables from zabbix;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix           |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges               |
| actions                    |
....
| widget_field               |
+----------------------------+
176 rows in set (0.03 sec)
//查看zabbix数据库下有哪些表,没有问题的话是176张表
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql  --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2
//编译zabbix
...
***********************************************************
*            Now run 'make install'                       *
*                                                         *
*            Thank you for using Zabbix!                  *
*              <http://www.zabbix.com>                    *
***********************************************************
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# make install

zabbix服务端配置

[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/local/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# ls
zabbix_agentd.conf  zabbix_agentd.conf.d  zabbix_server.conf  zabbix_server.conf.d
[root@localhost etc]# vim zabbix_server.conf.d/
# DBPassword=      //在这行下面添加前面设置的mysql里面用户密码
DBPassword=zabbix123!    //添加

zabbix配置web界面

[root@localhost etc]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls
AUTHORS    Makefile     README      compile       config.status  database    m4       sass
COPYING    Makefile.am  aclocal.m4  conf          config.sub     depcomp     man      src
ChangeLog  Makefile.in  bin         config.guess  configure      include     misc     ui
INSTALL    NEWS         build       config.log    configure.ac   install-sh  missing
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 
//配置apache虚拟主机,可以注释之前的配置
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix"
    ServerName zabbix.example.com
    ErrorLog "logs/zabbix.example.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/zabbix.example.com-access_log" common
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/$1
    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix">
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls
AUTHORS    Makefile     README      compile       config.status  database    m4       sass
COPYING    Makefile.am  aclocal.m4  conf          config.sub     depcomp     man      src
ChangeLog  Makefile.in  bin         config.guess  configure      include     misc     ui
INSTALL    NEWS         build       config.log    configure.ac   install-sh  missing
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd ui/
[root@localhost ui]# ls    //此处是php代码
actionconf.php      composer.lock                imgstore.php     report2.php
api_jsonrpc.php     conf                         include          report4.php
app                 data                         index.php        robots.txt
assets              disc_prototypes.php          index_http.php   setup.php
audio               favicon.ico                  index_sso.php    sysmap.php
auditacts.php       graphs.php                   items.php        sysmaps.php
browserwarning.php  history.php                  js               templates.php
chart.php           host_discovery.php           jsLoader.php     toptriggers.php
chart2.php          host_prototypes.php          jsrpc.php        tr_events.php
chart3.php          hostinventories.php          local            trigger_prototypes.php
chart4.php          hostinventoriesoverview.php  locale           triggers.php
chart6.php          httpconf.php                 maintenance.php  vendor
chart7.php          httpdetails.php              map.php          zabbix.php
composer.json       image.php                    modules
[root@localhost ui]# cd -
/usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix   //创建zabbix的web站点目录
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cp -a /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/ui/* /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/
//将zabbix的web界面php代码复制到站点目录
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
//使其属主属组是apache
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
total 8
-rw-r--r--.  1 apache apache   45 Jun 12  2007 index.html
drwxr-xr-x.  2 apache apache   23 Sep  1 21:29 runtime
drwxr-xr-x. 13 apache apache 4096 Sep  1 23:19 zabbix
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/
//设置zabbix/conf目录的权限,让zabbix有权限生成配置文件zabbix.conf.php
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]#  ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/
drwxrwxrwx. 3 apache apache 94 Aug 29 15:05 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# httpd -t
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using ::1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# systemctl restart httpd.service 
//重启httpd
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(post_max_size =).*/\1 16M/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]#  sed -ri 's/(max_execution_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(max_input_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/php.ini
//修改/etc/php.ini的配置
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# service php-fpm restart 
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
//重启php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# zabbix_server 
[root@localhost ~]# zabbix_agentd 
//启动zabbix_server和zabbix_agentd

在物理机上做hosts域名映射

在我的电脑里面进行映射(C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc)

去浏览器访问,输入zabbix.example.com,看到如下页面,然后点击next step

部署完成

[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/
[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 117 Sep  1 23:41 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/
//恢复zabbix/conf目录的权限为755

标签:部署,zabbix,6.2,监控,php,root,localhost,usr
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/soap-bubble/p/16648408.html