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ABAP-OOALV实现

2022-08-04 11:03:54 作者：互联网

控制区域、容器、Grid 关系

先在屏幕上绘制一个用户自定义控件区域，然后该用户以自定义控件区域为基础来创建 CL_GUI_CUSTOM_CONTAINER 容器实例，最后以此容器实例来创建 CL_GUI_ALV_GRID 实例

CL_GUI_ALV_GRID 重要方法

SET_TABLE_FOR_FIRST_DISPLAY

ALV 展示方法
参数:
- IS_VARIANT
  - 确定用于显示输出表的布局。如果使用此参数，则必须至少填充类型结构的“REPORT”字段。
- I_SAVE
  - 决定用户是否可以保存变式：
    
    'X' 只能保存全局变式；
    
    'U' 只能保存特定变式；
    
    'A' 都可以保存；
    
    SPACE 不可以将布局保存为变式
- I_DEFAULT
  - 此参数确定是否允许用户定义默认布局：
    
    "X":允许默认布局（默认设置）
    
    空格：不允许默认布局
  - 如果允许默认布局，并且存在这样的布局，并且 IS_VARIANT 中未指定其他布局，则在调用此方法时会自动加载默认布局。
- IS_LAYOUT
  - 确定网格控件的属性。布局结构与用于保存筛选器、排序和列属性的布局无关。
  - 字段:
    - CWIDTH_OPT:最优化宽度 SPACE, 'X'
    - GRID_TITLE:标题,在网格和工具条之间最长 70 个字符
    - NO_TOOLBAR:隐藏工具条 SPACE, 'X'
    - NO_VGRIDLN:隐藏垂直线 SPACE, 'X'
    - SEL_MODE:选择模式 SPACE, 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D'
    - CTAB_FNAME:带有复杂单元格颜色编码的字段名称最长 30 个字符
    - INFO_FNAME:带有简单行彩色代码的字段名称最长 30 个字符
    - ZEBRA:可选行颜色,如果设置了，出现了间隔色带 SPACE, 'X'
    - STYLEFNAME:字段格式
- IT_OUTTAB
  - 要显示的数据的输出表
- IT_FIELDCATALOG
  - 确定输出表的结构和要显示的数据的格式
  - 字段:
    - COL_POS:输出列列的位置,第几列,例如 1,2,…
    - FIELDNAME:字段名称
    - CURRENCY/CFIELDNAME:货币单位/参考的当前单位的字段名称
    - QUANTITY/QFIELDNAME:计量单位/参考计量单位的字段名称
    - DO_SUM:总计列值 'X',合计
    - FIX_COLUMN:固定列
    - EMPHASIZE:列的颜色
    - NO_OUT:列没有输出'X' ,隐藏此列
    - OUTPUTLEN:列的字符宽度
    - DATATYPE:ABAP 字典中的数据类型
    - INTTYPE:ABAP 数据类型(C,D,N,...)
    - HOTSPOT:单击敏感'X',下面出现下划线,响应单击
    - SCRTEXT_L/M/S:字段标签长/中/短
    - REF_TABLE/REF_FIELD:参考表/参考字段
    - EDIT:是否可编辑
- IT_SORT
  - 具有最初要排序的列的排序属性的表
- IT_FILTER
  - 具有最初要为其设置筛选器的列的筛选器属性的表

REFRESH_TABLE_DISPLAY

IS_STABLE：刷新的稳定性，就是滚动条保持不动
I_SOFT_REFRESH:软刷新,如果设置了这个参数，临时给 ALV 创建的合计、排序、数据过滤都将保持不变。这个是非常有意义的，例如：当你没有修改数据内表里的数据，但因布局修改了想刷新 ALV 时可使用

SET_FRONTED_FIELDCATALOG:如果 fieldcat 格式有修改，需要刷新格式设置，则调用这个方法

EVENTS

TOOLBAR 事件

定义事件类

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS:
      handle_toolbar FOR EVENT toolbar OF cl_gui_alv_grid "自定义工具栏
                     IMPORTING e_object e_interactive.
ENDCLASS.

实现 handle_toolbar 方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD handle_toolbar.
    DATA: ls_toolbar  TYPE stb_button.
    MOVE '' TO ls_toolbar-function.
    MOVE '' TO ls_toolbar-icon.
    MOVE '3' TO ls_toolbar-butn_type.
    APPEND ls_toolbar TO e_object->mt_toolbar.

    CLEAR ls_toolbar.
    MOVE 'SELA' TO ls_toolbar-function.
    MOVE icon_select_all TO ls_toolbar-icon.
    MOVE '全选' TO ls_toolbar-quickinfo.
    MOVE ''(112) TO ls_toolbar-text.
    APPEND ls_toolbar TO e_object->mt_toolbar.

    CLEAR ls_toolbar.
    MOVE 'DSEL' TO ls_toolbar-function.
    MOVE icon_deselect_all TO ls_toolbar-icon.
    MOVE '取消全选' TO ls_toolbar-quickinfo.
    MOVE ''(112) TO ls_toolbar-text.
    APPEND ls_toolbar TO e_object->mt_toolbar.
    CLEAR ls_toolbar.

    MOVE 'B_LIST' TO ls_toolbar-function.
    MOVE 1 TO ls_toolbar-butn_type.
    MOVE icon_calculation TO ls_toolbar-icon.
    MOVE '自定义下拉菜单按钮'(202) TO ls_toolbar-quickinfo.
    MOVE '下拉菜单按钮' TO ls_toolbar-text.
    "MOVE '' TO ls_toolbar-disabled.
    APPEND ls_toolbar TO e_object->mt_toolbar.
  ENDMETHOD.                    "handle_toolbar
ENDCLASS.

MENU_BUTTON 事件

定义事件类

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS:
      handle_menu_button        "自定义菜单
        FOR EVENT menu_button OF cl_gui_alv_grid
        IMPORTING e_object e_ucomm.
ENDCLASS.

实现 handle_menu_button 方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD handle_menu_button .  "自定义菜单实现方法
    IF e_ucomm = 'B_LIST'."给下拉菜单按钮增加选项，可以多次调用该方法以增加多行
      CALL METHOD e_object->add_function
        EXPORTING
          icon  = ICON_OKAY
          fcode = 'B_SUM' "字菜单按钮的FunCode
          text  = '显示ALV总行数'.
      CALL METHOD e_object->add_function
        EXPORTING
          icon  = ICON_CANCEL
          fcode = 'C_SUM' "字菜单按钮的FunCode
          text  = '测试'.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.                    "handle_menu_button
ENDCLASS.

USER_COMMAND 事件

定义方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS:
      handle_user_command       "自定义按钮事件
        FOR EVENT user_command OF cl_gui_alv_grid IMPORTING e_ucomm.
ENDCLASS.

实现 handle_user_command 方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD handle_user_command.  "自定义按钮实现方法
    DATA: sum TYPE i .
    CASE e_ucomm.
      WHEN 'SELA'.
        LOOP AT it_9001 INTO wa_9001.
          wa_9001-check = 'X'.
          MODIFY it_9001 INDEX sy-tabix FROM wa_9001 TRANSPORTING check.
        ENDLOOP.
        CALL METHOD oo_grid->refresh_table_display"这句话一定要写，否则界面没刷新，不生效
          EXPORTING
            is_stable = wa_stbl.
      WHEN 'DSEL'.
        LOOP AT it_9001 INTO wa_9001.
          wa_9001-check = ''.
          MODIFY it_9001 INDEX sy-tabix FROM wa_9001 TRANSPORTING check.
        ENDLOOP.
        CALL METHOD oo_grid->refresh_table_display
          EXPORTING
            is_stable = wa_stbl.
      WHEN 'B_SUM'.
        DESCRIBE TABLE it_9001[] LINES sum.
        MESSAGE i001(00) WITH '当前ALV表格中的数据总行数为：' sum.
       WHEN 'C_SUM'.
        MESSAGE i001(00) WITH '测试为：' sum.
    ENDCASE.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

HOTSPOT(单点)事件

定义方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS:
      handle_hotspot_click1     "单击事件
                    FOR EVENT hotspot_click OF cl_gui_alv_grid 
                    IMPORTING e_row_id e_column_id.
ENDCLASS.

实现 handle_hotspot_click1 方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD handle_data_changed.  "数据变化实现方法
    PERFORM handle_data_changed USING er_data_changed.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD handle_hotspot_click1. "单击事件实现方法
    READ TABLE it_9001 INTO wa_9001 INDEX e_row_id-index.
    CASE e_column_id-fieldname.
      WHEN 'VBELN_VF'.
        SET PARAMETER ID 'VF' FIELD wa_9001-vbeln_vf.
        CALL TRANSACTION 'VF03' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.
      WHEN 'VBELN_SO'.
        SET PARAMETER ID 'AUN' FIELD wa_9001-vbeln_so.
        CALL TRANSACTION 'VA03' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.
    ENDCASE.
  ENDMETHOD.                  "HANDLE_HOTSPOT_CLICK1
ENDCLASS.

DATA_CHANGE 事件

定义方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS:
      handle_data_changed       "数据改变触发
                    FOR EVENT data_changed OF cl_gui_alv_grid
                    IMPORTING er_data_changed.
ENDCLASS.

实现方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD handle_data_changed.  "数据变化实现方法
      "PERFORM handle_data_changed USING er_data_changed.
    DATA: x_change TYPE lvc_s_modi.
    LOOP AT data_changed->mt_good_cells INTO x_change.
    "结算数量发生变化
      IF x_change-fieldname  = 'FKLMG_JS'.
        READ TABLE it_9001 INTO wa_9001 INDEX x_change-row_id.
        wa_9001-fklmg_js = x_change-value.
        wa_9001-kbetr_tmp = wa_9001-kbetr_js * wa_9001-fklmg_js / wa_9001-kpein / '1.13'.
        MODIFY it_9001 FROM wa_9001 INDEX x_change-row_id.
      ENDIF.
      "行备注内容发生变化
      IF x_change-fieldname  = 'ZREMARK'.
        READ TABLE it_9001 INTO wa_9001 INDEX x_change-row_id.
        wa_9001-zremark = x_change-value.
        MODIFY it_9001 FROM wa_9001 INDEX x_change-row_id.
      ENDIF.
      CALL METHOD oo_grid->refresh_table_display
        EXCEPTIONS
          finished = 1
          OTHERS   = 2.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

F4 搜索帮助事件

如果希望 ALV 中某字段具有搜索帮助，第一种办法当然是对表中某字段的引用，设置 ref_table、ref_field，将自动触发该字段所带的搜索帮助。

第二种办法就是利用自定义代码来实现 ALV 的搜索帮助，显然它的功能更强大、更灵活。针对在 OO ALV 中实现搜索帮助，其主要步骤有：

定义方法

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS:
      handle_onf4 FOR EVENT onf4 OF cl_gui_alv_grid
                              IMPORTING e_fieldname es_row_no er_event_data.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD handle_onf4.
    DATA:ls_modi TYPE lvc_s_modi,
         lt_ret_tab TYPE TABLE OF ddshretval WITH HEADER LINE.
 
    FIELD-SYMBOLS <modtab> TYPE lvc_t_modi.
    IF e_fieldname = 'FIELD_NAME'. "我们自定义搜索的字段名
      READ TABLE gt_alv_data INDEX es_row_no-row_id.
      CHECK sy-subrc = 0.
**  这里可以添加代码以对lt_hitlist内表进行填充
      CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
        EXPORTING
          retfield        = 'HIT_FIELD'
          value_org       = 'S'
        TABLES
          value_tab       = lt_hitlist
          return_tab      = lt_ret_tab
        EXCEPTIONS
          parameter_error = 1
          no_values_found = 2
          OTHERS          = 3.
      IF sy-subrc = 0.
**  Update the value in ALV cell
        READ TABLE lt_ret_tab INDEX 1.
        IF sy-subrc = 0. " User didn't cancel
          ls_modi-row_id = es_row_no-row_id.
          ls_modi-fieldname = e_fieldname.
          ls_modi-value = lt_ret_tab-fieldval.
          ASSIGN er_event_data->m_data->* TO <modtab>.
          APPEND ls_modi TO <modtab>.
        ENDIF.
      ENDIF.
**  Inform ALV Grid that event 'onf4' has been processed
      er_event_data->m_event_handled = 'X'.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

在 Method 的最后，记得加上 er_event_data->m_event_handled = 'X'. 通知系统搜索事件处理完毕，这样就不会调用系统标准的 Search Help。
需要自定义搜索帮助的字段，设置其 field catalog 时：
- ```
ls_fieldcat-f4availabl = 'X'.
```

在创建 ALV 对象之后，要对需要自定义搜索帮助的字段进行注册。lvc_s_f4 中的字段 getbefore 和 changeafter 应该代表是否触发 data_changed 事件。

DATA: lt_f4 TYPE lvc_t_f4 WITH HEADER LINE.
CLEAR lt_f4.
lt_f4-fieldname = 'FIELD_NAME'.
lt_f4-register = 'X'.
lt_f4-chngeafter = 'X'. 
APPEND lt_f4.
CALL METHOD mygrid->register_f4_for_fields
  EXPORTING
    it_f4 = lt_f4[].
CREATE OBJECT go_evt_receiver.
SET HANDLER go_evt_receiver->handle_onf4 FOR go_alv_grid.

EVENTS 注册

"屏幕输出前
MODULE status_9001 OUTPUT.

  "设置GUI状态
  SET PF-STATUS '9001_PF'.
  "设置界面标题
  SET TITLEBAR '9001_BAR'.

  IF oo_container IS INITIAL.
*   建立一个容器控件作为ALV的容器
    CREATE OBJECT oo_container
      EXPORTING
        container_name = oo_cont_on_9001.
*   建立一个ALV的实例
    CREATE OBJECT oo_grid
      EXPORTING
        i_parent = oo_container.

*   显示表格
    CALL METHOD oo_grid->set_table_for_first_display
      EXPORTING
        is_layout       = oo_layout
      CHANGING
        it_outtab       = it_9001[]
        it_fieldcatalog = oo_field.

*   注册ALV的事件
    DATA: lt_f4 TYPE lvc_t_f4 WITH HEADER LINE.
    CLEAR lt_f4.
    lt_f4-fieldname = 'FIELD_NAME'.
    lt_f4-register = 'X'.
    lt_f4-chngeafter = 'X'. 
    APPEND lt_f4.
    CALL METHOD oo_grid->register_f4_for_fields
      EXPORTING
        it_f4 = lt_f4[].
    
    CREATE OBJECT event_receiver.

    SET HANDLER event_receiver->handle_toolbar FOR oo_grid.       "注册工具栏
    SET HANDLER event_receiver->handle_menu_button FOR oo_grid.   "注册工具栏菜单
    SET HANDLER event_receiver->handle_user_command FOR oo_grid.  "注册用户自定义命令
    SET HANDLER event_receiver->handle_data_changed FOR oo_grid.  "单元格数据更改时触发
    SET HANDLER event_receiver->handle_hotspot_click1 FOR oo_grid."单击事件
    SET HANDLER event_receiver->handle_onf4 FOR go_alv_grid.      "搜索帮助事件


    "调用此方法才能激活工具栏上增加的自定义按钮
    CALL METHOD oo_grid->set_toolbar_interactive.

    CALL METHOD oo_grid->register_edit_event "单元格数据更改时触发条件
      EXPORTING
*       I_EVENT_ID = CL_GUI_ALV_GRID=>MC_EVT_ENTER. "回车时触发
        i_event_id = cl_gui_alv_grid=>mc_evt_modified. "单元格失去焦点触发
  ENDIF.
  CALL METHOD oo_grid->refresh_table_display.
ENDMODULE.

实现可编辑

实现列可编辑

只要将 catalog 中的字段 edit 设置成‘X'，整列就变成能输入的了，LVC_S_FCAT-EDIT

REPORT ztest_alv_lvc_edit.

TYPES:BEGIN OF gty_ekko,
        ebeln TYPE ekko-ebeln,
        verkf TYPE ekko-verkf,
      END OF gty_ekko.
DATA:git_ekko TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF gty_ekko.
DATA:git_fcat   TYPE lvc_t_fcat,
     gwa_fcat   LIKE LINE OF git_fcat,
     gwa_layout TYPE lvc_s_layo.
DATA:l_pos TYPE i VALUE 1.

START-OF-SELECTION.

  SELECT ebeln
         verkf
    INTO TABLE git_ekko
    FROM ekko
   UP TO 10 ROWS.

  CLEAR: l_pos.
  l_pos = l_pos + 1.
  gwa_fcat-coltext   = 'PO'.
  gwa_fcat-scrtext_l = 'PO'.
  gwa_fcat-scrtext_m = 'PO'.
  gwa_fcat-scrtext_s = 'PO'.
  gwa_fcat-fieldname = 'EBELN'.
  gwa_fcat-col_pos = l_pos.
  gwa_fcat-outputlen = '10'.
  APPEND gwa_fcat TO git_fcat.
  l_pos = l_pos + 1.
  gwa_fcat-coltext   = 'PO item'.
  gwa_fcat-scrtext_l = 'PO item'.
  gwa_fcat-scrtext_m = 'PO item'.
  gwa_fcat-scrtext_s = 'PO item'.
  gwa_fcat-fieldname = 'VERKF'.
  gwa_fcat-col_pos = l_pos.
  gwa_fcat-edit = 'X'.  "设置列为可编辑状态
  gwa_fcat-outputlen = '20'.
  APPEND gwa_fcat TO git_fcat.

  gwa_layout-zebra = 'X'.
  gwa_layout-sel_mode = 'A'.
  gwa_layout-cwidth_opt = 'X'.

  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_LVC'
    EXPORTING
      i_callback_program = sy-repid
      is_layout_lvc      = gwa_layout
      it_fieldcat_lvc    = git_fcat
    TABLES
      t_outtab           = git_ekko[]
    EXCEPTIONS
      program_error      = 1
      OTHERS             = 2.
  IF sy-subrc = 0.
*    BREAK-POINT.
  ENDIF.

实现单元格可编辑

单元格可编辑状态设置的主要思想：首先通过 EIDT 参数设置列为可编辑状态；其次对输出内表进行循环将不需要编辑的行设置为不可编辑状态，如此单元格的可编辑属性设置完毕。下面粘贴简要代码。

TYPE-POOLS: SLIS.
*- Fieldcatalog
DATA: IT_FIELDCAT TYPE LVC_T_FCAT.
DATA: X_FIELDCAT TYPE LVC_S_FCAT.
DATA: X_LAYOUT TYPE LVC_S_LAYO.

"第1步：用操作具体单元的是否可编辑的内表和工作区

DATA: LS_EDIT TYPE LVC_S_STYL,
      LT_EDIT TYPE LVC_T_STYL.
"第2步：在内表定义添加字段，用于控制具体行的具体单元是否可编辑
DATA: BEGIN OF IT_VBAP OCCURS 0,
  VBELN LIKE VBAP-VBELN,
  POSNR LIKE VBAP-POSNR,
  STYLE TYPE LVC_T_STYL, "FOR DISABLE
END OF IT_VBAP.
DATA: LS_OUTTAB LIKE LINE OF IT_VBAP.
SELECT VBELN  POSNR
  UP TO 100 ROWS
  INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE IT_VBAP
FROM VBAP.

DATA:L_POS TYPE I VALUE 1.
CLEAR: L_POS.
L_POS = L_POS + 1.
X_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT = 'VBELN'.
X_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'VBELN'.
X_FIELDCAT-TABNAME = 'ITAB'.
X_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.
X_FIELDCAT-EDIT = 'X'.
X_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = '10'.
x_fieldcat-ref_field = 'VBELN'.
x_fieldcat-ref_table = 'VBAK'.
APPEND X_FIELDCAT TO IT_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR X_FIELDCAT.
L_POS = L_POS + 1.
X_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT = 'POSNR'.
X_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'POSNR'.
X_FIELDCAT-TABNAME = 'ITAB'.
X_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.
X_FIELDCAT-EDIT = 'X'.
X_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = '5'.
APPEND X_FIELDCAT TO IT_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR X_FIELDCAT.
L_POS = L_POS + 1.

"第3步：设置第六行两个单元都不能输入
SY-TABIX = 6.
LS_EDIT-FIELDNAME = 'VBELN'.
LS_EDIT-STYLE = CL_GUI_ALV_GRID=>MC_STYLE_DISABLED.
LS_EDIT-STYLE2 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-STYLE3 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-STYLE4 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-MAXLEN = 10.
INSERT LS_EDIT INTO TABLE LT_EDIT.

LS_EDIT-FIELDNAME = 'POSNR'.
LS_EDIT-STYLE = CL_GUI_ALV_GRID=>MC_STYLE_DISABLED.
LS_EDIT-STYLE2 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-STYLE3 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-STYLE4 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-MAXLEN = 6.
INSERT LS_EDIT INTO TABLE LT_EDIT.

INSERT LINES OF LT_EDIT INTO TABLE LS_OUTTAB-STYLE.

"第4步：将控制数据写到内表
MODIFY IT_VBAP INDEX SY-TABIX FROM LS_OUTTAB TRANSPORTING STYLE .
"设置第10行只有项目不能输入
clear LS_OUTTAB.
refresh LT_EDIT.
LS_EDIT-FIELDNAME = 'POSNR'.
LS_EDIT-STYLE = CL_GUI_ALV_GRID=>MC_STYLE_DISABLED.
LS_EDIT-STYLE2 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-STYLE3 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-STYLE4 = SPACE.
LS_EDIT-MAXLEN = 6.
INSERT LS_EDIT INTO TABLE LT_EDIT.
INSERT LINES OF LT_EDIT INTO TABLE LS_OUTTAB-STYLE.
SY-TABIX = 10.

"将控制数据写到内表
MODIFY IT_VBAP INDEX SY-TABIX FROM LS_OUTTAB TRANSPORTING STYLE .

"第5步：设置控制字段
X_LAYOUT-STYLEFNAME = 'STYLE'.

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_LVC'
  EXPORTING
    I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM = SY-REPID
    IS_LAYOUT_LVC      = X_LAYOUT
    IT_FIELDCAT_LVC    = IT_FIELDCAT
  TABLES
    T_OUTTAB           = IT_VBAP[]
  EXCEPTIONS
    PROGRAM_ERROR      = 1
    OTHERS             = 2.
IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.
  MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
  WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF.

ALV 的颜色设定（单元格，行，列的颜色设定）

在 ABAP 开发过程中，有的时候,我们需要在 ALV 网格上绘上一些颜色.可以给特定的行，某个特定的列,某个特定的单元格绘制颜色.

如果某列被设置为关键列,这列的颜色将被自动绘制,而不需要我们额外的指定.，ALV 的颜色是四位的如 C710,第一位是固定死的 C，第二位是颜色代码，可能值为 1-7，代表颜色如下：

1：Gray-blue —>headers

2：Light gray —>List bodies

3：yellow —>totals

4：Blue-green—>Key columns

5：green —>Positive threshold value

6：red —>Negative threshold value

7：orange —>Control levels

后两位是 1 和 0 的组合，10 则代表颜色用在背景，01 代表颜色用在前景。

列颜色设定

列的颜色很简单，在构成 ALV 字段的 FIELDCAT 内表中有一个字段是 EMPHASIZE，将一个 char 型 4 位的颜色代码分配到 FIELDCAT 内表这个字段即可。
- ```
LW_FCAT-EMPHASIZE = 'C710'. "设置字段的颜色 
```

行颜色设定

为某行设置颜色,是有点复杂的,我们需要在要显示的数据内表中增加一个字段,这个字段不需要在字段目录中存在.同样,这个字段也是 4 位的 CHAR 型,符合颜色编码的定义.，然后在布局设定中指定该列为颜色列，gs_layout-info_fname = ‘COLOR’.或（info_fieldname）
- ```
FORM p_data .
  LOOP AT gt_mara.
    IF gt_mara-matnr = '100-100'.
      gt_mara-color = 'C310'.
    ENDIF.
    MODIFY gt_mara.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
  
gs_layout-info_fname = 'COLOR'
```

单元格颜色设定

设置单元格和设置行的颜色,本质上没有什么大的区别,但是定位单元格需要 2 个参数.我们需要在数据内表中插入一个表类型的字段，这样我们的数据内表就变成了 DEEP 结构了,不过 ALV 是可以处理的.不需要担心.
插入的这个表类型的类型为”LVC_T_SCOL”.里面有 3 个参数:
FNAME 告诉我们你需要设置的是哪个字段,如果为空，然后直接在 COLOR 中设置颜色,就是整行设置为这个颜色.如果具体到某个单元格,必须指定是哪个字段.
COLOR 字段是用来设置颜色的.
NOKEYCOL 字段比较关键了.设置为关键列的一些字段,我们的颜色设置可能被覆盖.通过这个字段的设置,可以避免被关键列的颜色被覆盖.

同样,ALV 在布局中有个字段”CTAB_FNAME”告诉我们,数据内表中，哪个字段是用来设置单元格的颜色的，类似于设置行颜色的 INTO_FNAME.

FORM p_data .
  LOOP AT gt_mara.
    IF gt_mara-matnr = '100-100'.
      gt_mara-color = 'C310'."设置行的颜色
    ENDIF.
    IF gt_mara-matnr = '100-401'.
      CLEAR gs_cellcolor.
      gs_cellcolor-fname = 'MTART'.
      gs_cellcolor-color-col = '6'.
      APPEND gs_cellcolor TO gt_mara-cellclor."设置单元格的颜色
      gs_cellcolor-fname = 'ERSDA'.
      gs_cellcolor-color-col = '7'.
      APPEND gs_cellcolor TO gt_mara-cellclor.
    ENDIF.
    MODIFY gt_mara.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
gs_layout-ctab_fname = 'COLOR'.

下拉框设置

设置下拉框数据

DATA: gs_dropdowm TYPE lvc_s_drop,
      gt_dropdowm TYPE lvc_t_drop.
gs_dropdowm-handle = '2'.
gs_dropdowm-value  = 'drop-value1'.
APPEND gs_dropdowm TO gt_dropdowm.

CLEAR: gs_dropdowm.
gs_dropdowm-handle = '2'.
gs_dropdowm-value  = 'drop-value2'.
APPEND gs_dropdowm TO gt_dropdowm.

设置 FieldCatelog 属性
- ```
gs_fieldcat-drdn_hndl = 2.
```

调用 ALV 显示方法之前设置下拉框

CALL METHOD g_grid01->set_drop_down_table
  EXPORTING
    it_drop_down = gt_dropdowm. "添加下拉框方法到ALV中顯示

" 调用ALV 显示方法
CALL METHOD g_grid01->set_table_for_first_display
  EXPORTING
*   i_structure_name              = 'SPFLI' " 参照表结构字段显示
    is_layout                     = ls_layout " 布局
  CHANGING
    it_fieldcatalog               = gt_fieldcat " 显示字段
    it_outtab                     = gt_data[]
  EXCEPTIONS
    invalid_parameter_combination = 1
    program_error                 = 2
    too_many_lines                = 3
    others                        = 4.

CL_GUI_DOCKING_CONTAINER

使用 CL_GUI_DOCKING_CONTAINER 不需要提前在屏幕中绘制自定义控制区域

DATA: GS_DOCK TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_DOCKING_CONTAINER. "屏幕容器对象
FORM FRM_SET_GRID .

  "实例化屏幕容器
  CREATE OBJECT GS_DOCK
    EXPORTING
*     PARENT                      =
      REPID                       = SY-REPID      "当前程序
      DYNNR                       = '0100'        "屏幕编号
      SIDE                        = CL_GUI_DOCKING_CONTAINER=>DOCK_AT_LEFT  "容器吸附左侧
      EXTENSION                   = 1300           "ALV的宽度
*     STYLE                       =
*     LIFETIME                    = lifetime_default
*     CAPTION                     =
      METRIC                      = 0
*     RATIO                       = 100           "ALV的比率，优先级高于上面的EXTENSION
*     NO_AUTODEF_PROGID_DYNNR     =
*     NAME                        =
    EXCEPTIONS
      CNTL_ERROR                  = 1
      CNTL_SYSTEM_ERROR           = 2
      CREATE_ERROR                = 3
      LIFETIME_ERROR              = 4
      LIFETIME_DYNPRO_DYNPRO_LINK = 5
      OTHERS                      = 6.
  IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
*   MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
*              WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
  ENDIF.


*
*  CREATE OBJECT GS_CON
*    EXPORTING
**     PARENT                      =
*      CONTAINER_NAME              = 'GC_CON'
**     STYLE                       =
**     LIFETIME                    = lifetime_default
**      REPID                       = SY-REPID
**      DYNNR                       = '0100'
**     NO_AUTODEF_PROGID_DYNNR     =
*    EXCEPTIONS
*      CNTL_ERROR                  = 1
*      CNTL_SYSTEM_ERROR           = 2
*      CREATE_ERROR                = 3
*      LIFETIME_ERROR              = 4
*      LIFETIME_DYNPRO_DYNPRO_LINK = 5
*      OTHERS                      = 6.
*  IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
** MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
**            WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
*  ENDIF.


  "实例化alv展示对象
  CREATE OBJECT GS_ALV
    EXPORTING
*     I_SHELLSTYLE      = 0
*     I_LIFETIME        =
      I_PARENT          = GS_DOCK
*     I_APPL_EVENTS     = space
*     I_PARENTDBG       =
*     I_APPLOGPARENT    =
*     I_GRAPHICSPARENT  =
*     I_NAME            =
*     I_FCAT_COMPLETE   = SPACE
    EXCEPTIONS
      ERROR_CNTL_CREATE = 1
      ERROR_CNTL_INIT   = 2
      ERROR_CNTL_LINK   = 3
      ERROR_DP_CREATE   = 4
      OTHERS            = 5.
  IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
*            WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
  ENDIF.
ENDFORM.

CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER

拆分 CL_GUI_CONTAINER 可以通过使用 CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER 对象的 GET_CONTAINER 方法获取多个容器对象来实现。

DATA: G_SPLITTER_CONTAINER_1 TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER.
DATA: MYCONTAINER_1 TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_CONTAINER.
DATA: MYCONTAINER_2 TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_CONTAINER.
  CREATE OBJECT G_SPLITTER_CONTAINER_1
    EXPORTING
      PARENT  = CL_GUI_CONTAINER=>SCREEN0
      ROWS    = 2         "该方法中传入实参ROWS和COLUMNS的值决定你每行跟每列的容器数目
      COLUMNS = 1.
  
  CALL METHOD G_SPLITTER_CONTAINER_1->GET_CONTAINER
    EXPORTING
      ROW       = 1       "该方法中传入实参ROW和COLUMNS决定容器在屏幕中所处的相对位置
      COLUMN    = 1
    RECEIVING
      CONTAINER = MYCONTAINER_1.
  
  CALL METHOD G_SPLITTER_CONTAINER_1->GET_CONTAINER
    EXPORTING
      ROW      = 2
      COLUMN   = 1
    RECEIVING
      CONTAINER = MYCONTAINER_2.

在容器中放 ALV 控件就实现了分屏显示多个 ALV 控件

DATA: G_GUI_ALV_1 TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_ALV_GRID.
DATA: G_GUI_ALV_2 TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_ALV_GRID.
CREATE OBJECT G_GUI_ALV_1
  EXPORTING
    I_PARENT = MYCONTAINER_1.
  
CREATE OBJECT G_GUI_ALV_2
  EXPORTING
    I_PARENT = MYCONTAINER_2.
*—–省略给ALV展示所需参数赋值……

CALL METHOD G_GUI_ALV_1->SET_TABLE_FOR_FIRST_DISPLAY
  EXPORTING
    IS_LAYOUT            = GTH_LAYOUT_UP
  CHANGING
    IT_OUTTAB            = GT_MAT
    IT_FIELDCATALOG      = GTD_FIELDCAT_UP.

标签：SY,实现,EDIT,ALV,ABAP,9001,OOALV,TYPE,toolbar
来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/ap-ad-java-abap/p/16549890.html

ABAP-OOALV实现

相关类

控制区域、容器、Grid 关系

CL_GUI_ALV_GRID 重要方法

SET_TABLE_FOR_FIRST_DISPLAY

REFRESH_TABLE_DISPLAY

EVENTS

TOOLBAR 事件

MENU_BUTTON 事件

USER_COMMAND 事件

HOTSPOT(单点)事件

DATA_CHANGE 事件

F4 搜索帮助事件

EVENTS 注册

实现可编辑

实现列可编辑

实现单元格可编辑

ALV 的颜色设定（单元格，行，列的颜色设定）

列颜色设定

行颜色设定

单元格颜色设定

下拉框设置

CL_GUI_DOCKING_CONTAINER

CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER