030_Docker常用命令
作者：互联网
目录
帮助命令
docker version
:::info
显示docker的版本信息
docker version
:::
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 20.10.17
API version: 1.41
Go version: go1.17.11
Git commit: 100c701
Built: Mon Jun 6 23:05:12 2022
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Context: default
Experimental: true
Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 20.10.17
API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.17.11
Git commit: a89b842
Built: Mon Jun 6 23:03:33 2022
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
containerd:
Version: 1.6.6
GitCommit: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
runc:
Version: 1.1.2
GitCommit: v1.1.2-0-ga916309
docker-init:
Version: 0.19.0
GitCommit: de40ad0
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker info
:::info
显示docker的系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量
docker info
:::
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker info
Client:
Context: default
Debug Mode: false
Plugins:
app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.2-docker)
compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc., v2.6.0)
scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)
Server:
Containers: 1
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 1
Images: 1
Server Version: 20.10.17
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
userxattr: false
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Cgroup Version: 1
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
runc version: v1.1.2-0-ga916309
init version: de40ad0
Security Options:
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-1160.62.1.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 1
Total Memory: 1.794GiB
Name: ecs-214025
ID: VN4P:FIOX:SETH:2YJE:3IUF:AXFE:QJ34:555N:EMDQ:VOFJ:JMHP:YS3V
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode: false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker --help
:::info
帮助命令
docker --help # 所有命令的帮助信息
docker version --help # version命令的帮助信息
:::
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker --help
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND
A self-sufficient runtime for containers
Options:
--config string Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
-c, --context string Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
-D, --debug Enable debug mode
-H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to
-l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
--tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
--tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
-v, --version Print version information and quit
Management Commands:
app* Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
builder Manage builds
buildx* Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.2-docker)
compose* Docker Compose (Docker Inc., v2.6.0)
config Manage Docker configs
container Manage containers
context Manage contexts
image Manage images
manifest Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
network Manage networks
node Manage Swarm nodes
plugin Manage plugins
scan* Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)
secret Manage Docker secrets
service Manage services
stack Manage Docker stacks
swarm Manage Swarm
system Manage Docker
trust Manage trust on Docker images
volume Manage volumes
Commands:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
exec Run a command in a running container
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects
kill Kill one or more running containers
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
login Log in to a Docker registry
logout Log out from a Docker registry
logs Fetch the logs of a container
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push Push an image or a repository to a registry
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
search Search the Docker Hub for images
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
version Show the Docker version information
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
To get more help with docker, check out our guides at https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker version --help
Usage: docker version [OPTIONS]
Show the Docker version information
Options:
-f, --format string Format the output using the given Go template
--kubeconfig string Kubernetes config file
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
官网帮助文档
:::info
docker文档：https://docs.docker.com/
docker参考文档：https://docs.docker.com/reference/
:::
镜像命令
docker images 查看所有本地的主机上的镜像
:::info
docker参考文档：https://docs.docker.com/reference/
:::
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker images --help
Usage: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
List images
Options:
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
--digests Show digests
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print images using a Go template
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only show image IDs
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 9 months ago 13.3kB
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker search 搜索镜像
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker search --help
Usage: docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
Search the Docker Hub for images
Options:
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print search using a Go template
--limit int Max number of search results (default 25)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 12769 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4906 [OK]
percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati… 579 [OK]
phpmyadmin phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M… 557 [OK]
bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 71 [OK]
linuxserver/mysql-workbench 37
linuxserver/mysql A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe… 35
ubuntu/mysql MySQL open source fast, stable, multi-thread… 34
circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 26
google/mysql MySQL server for Google Compute Engine 21 [OK]
rapidfort/mysql RapidFort optimized, hardened image for MySQL 13
vmware/harbor-db Mysql container for Harbor 10
bitnami/mysqld-exporter 3
ibmcom/mysql-s390x Docker image for mysql-s390x 2
vitess/mysqlctld vitess/mysqlctld 1 [OK]
newrelic/mysql-plugin New Relic Plugin for monitoring MySQL databa… 1 [OK]
nasqueron/mysql 1 [OK]
mirantis/mysql 0
docksal/mysql MySQL service images for Docksal - https://d… 0
drud/mysql-local-57 ddev mysql local container 0
drud/mysql 0
drud/mysql-docker-local-57 This repo has been deprecated, new tags are … 0
drud/mysql-docker-local docker containers for local womysql rk 0 [OK]
cimg/mysql 0
silintl/mysql-backup-restore Simple docker image to perform mysql backups… 0 [OK]
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker pull 下载镜像
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker pull --help
Usage: docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
Pull an image or a repository from a registry
Options:
-a, --all-tags Download all tagged images in the repository
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
-q, --quiet Suppress verbose output
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
默认最新版本下载
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
824b15f81d65: Pull complete
c559dd1913db: Pull complete
e201c19614e6: Pull complete
f4247e8f6125: Pull complete
dc9fefd8cfb5: Pull complete
32cfafb64fee: Pull complete
c9caad7ee0fc: Pull complete
c8ed38840e96: Pull complete
5a172dc2c4c7: Pull complete
d800b83bd024: Pull complete
b20e07df03fa: Pull complete
22e8ad187ab6: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:bed914af3f2dea400c4bc83136d6b3a8cf7edcf96f5c08bbbdec8a10cc021a5d
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
指定版本下载
:::info
注：指定的版本必须是dockerhub上有的版本
:::
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
824b15f81d65: Already exists
c559dd1913db: Already exists
e201c19614e6: Already exists
f4247e8f6125: Already exists
dc9fefd8cfb5: Already exists
32cfafb64fee: Already exists
c9caad7ee0fc: Already exists
f55f87b960ba: Pull complete
459044ae96d1: Pull complete
0dc62f07e93a: Pull complete
f2b9a5e10609: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:60adb6e158c126a6cd93aa7d4aaee15bcf1beae224c04363cbf088193a696802
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.7 74a6a7ec181f 2 days ago 462MB
mysql latest 968083d5be36 2 days ago 524MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 9 months ago 13.3kB
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker rmi 删除镜像
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker rmi --help
Usage: docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
Remove one or more images
Options:
-f, --force Force removal of the image
--no-prune Do not delete untagged parents
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.7 74a6a7ec181f 2 days ago 462MB
mysql latest 968083d5be36 2 days ago 524MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 9 months ago 13.3kB
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker rmi -f 74a6a7ec181f
Untagged: mysql:5.7
Untagged: mysql@sha256:60adb6e158c126a6cd93aa7d4aaee15bcf1beae224c04363cbf088193a696802
Deleted: sha256:74a6a7ec181f30ef057aceb9ee70680497cde2128e2f0e8b7895dcefe5684927
Deleted: sha256:4f268a148aa204b933927eb1532b83791d39988fc993ffe43e29f636df521d00
Deleted: sha256:28bad881942f22f0793adedead36611ee11897b0a152422f23b94e7a39f87212
Deleted: sha256:fa442bd51a85337cb05868b9b433b3f566f5d7daf7ca2e8acf5ffb7f878f3ef3
Deleted: sha256:a72adb381cd9116f59c8bbc41331dd3813ec0f978faa6e68173d0faf24b72957
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql latest 968083d5be36 2 days ago 524MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 9 months ago 13.3kB
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
容器命令
:::info
说明：有了镜像才可以创建容器，下载一个centos镜像测试学习
:::
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker run 新建容器并启动
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run --help
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Run a command in a new container
Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace
'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace
'': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the
default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default)
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--domainname string Container NIS domain name
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs)
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network network Connect a container to a network
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--pull string Pull image before running ("always"|"missing"|"never") (default "missing")
--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM")
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
启动并进入容器
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@efca76557f9e /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@efca76557f9e /]# exit
exit
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# ls
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker ps 列出当前正在运行的容器
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
efca76557f9e centos "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago loving_franklin
d00f34be87a8 hello-world "/hello" 10 days ago Exited (0) 10 days ago festive_volhard
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
退出容器
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@3e36a6576729 /]# exit
exit
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@d4a19059598d /]# [root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d4a19059598d centos "/bin/bash" 15 seconds ago Up 14 seconds xenodochial_rhodes
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
删除容器
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a8a77de449c2 centos "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes naughty_almeida
ae69970dde78 centos "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Exited (0) 5 minutes ago amazing_mcnulty
a67acc36a208 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 6 minutes ago Exited (1) 6 minutes ago lucid_gould
dd9bd6f1e8b7 hello-world "/hello" 6 minutes ago Exited (0) 6 minutes ago angry_ritchie
460730bd7375 centos "/bin/bash" 8 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago zealous_noether
1e4d0d354ba3 centos "/bin/bash" 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes charming_goodall
52cf4f724753 centos "/bin/bash" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 9 minutes ago determined_swirles
fbd4ed6d1dc7 centos "/bin/bash" 10 minutes ago Exited (0) 10 minutes ago naughty_edison
9f24dcd82441 hello-world "/hello" 10 minutes ago Exited (0) 10 minutes ago charming_blackburn
f5345f0fc3e2 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 10 minutes ago Exited (1) 10 minutes ago sad_diffie
d4a19059598d centos "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Up 13 minutes xenodochial_rhodes
3e36a6576729 centos "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Exited (0) 14 minutes ago nostalgic_benz
efca76557f9e centos "/bin/bash" 18 minutes ago Exited (0) 18 minutes ago loving_franklin
d00f34be87a8 hello-world "/hello" 10 days ago Exited (0) 10 days ago festive_volhard
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker rm d00f34be87a8
d00f34be87a8
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker rm d4a19059598d
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container d4a19059598d7af42bf125e08d716de8f84e3d240b70740d7011daf124ced54c. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker rm -f d4a19059598d
d4a19059598d
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
a8a77de449c2
ae69970dde78
a67acc36a208
dd9bd6f1e8b7
460730bd7375
1e4d0d354ba3
52cf4f724753
fbd4ed6d1dc7
9f24dcd82441
f5345f0fc3e2
3e36a6576729
efca76557f9e
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
启动、停止、重启、杀死容器
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -it centos
[root@3979fe550535 /]# exit
exit
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3979fe550535 centos "/bin/bash" 13 seconds ago Exited (0) 6 seconds ago flamboyant_feynman
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker start 3979fe550535
3979fe550535
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3979fe550535 centos "/bin/bash" 27 seconds ago Up 1 second flamboyant_feynman
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3979fe550535 centos "/bin/bash" 34 seconds ago Up 8 seconds flamboyant_feynman
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker stop 3979fe550535
3979fe550535
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
后台启动容器
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -d centos
e7d063339fab51390a265e1315f881cd7b498b335cecbfb1005c6ae48b4be655
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e7d063339fab centos "/bin/bash" 9 seconds ago Exited (0) 8 seconds ago bold_curran
3979fe550535 centos "/bin/bash" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago flamboyant_feynman
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker logs 查看日志
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker logs --help
Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo zhangyq;sleep 1;done"
41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
41df94846bb8 centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds nifty_brown
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker logs -ft --tail 10 41df94846bb8
2022-06-26T07:50:42.553941744Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:43.555823911Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:44.557606929Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:45.559430794Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:46.561231890Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:47.563019986Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:48.564800639Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:49.566620408Z zhangyq
2022-06-26T07:50:50.568467744Z zhangyq
docker top 查看容器中进程信息
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker top 41df94846bb8
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 11728 11709 0 15:50 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c while true;do echo zhangyq;sleep 1;done
root 12440 11728 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
docker inspect 查看容器的元数据
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker inspect --help
Usage: docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]
Return low-level information on Docker objects
Options:
-f, --format string Format the output using the given Go template
-s, --size Display total file sizes if the type is container
--type string Return JSON for specified type
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker inspect 41df94846bb8
[
{
"Id": "41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063",
"Created": "2022-06-26T07:50:18.229996076Z",
"Path": "/bin/sh",
"Args": [
"-c",
"while true;do echo zhangyq;sleep 1;done"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 11728,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2022-06-26T07:50:18.508532926Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063/41df94846bb8000b7b9c18229218ff89f51dcd5b5d432e3b2a13f9682d405063-json.log",
"Name": "/nifty_brown",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "host",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a0c8c22317ae9e7c257e8d7b5f8e93b01c549a81a148c4dbe93db16b2f2714ef-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/430064331e1eb0d49d9538e7642e8d52ed510cad38e5de1a4e5b731ae1f5fc92/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a0c8c22317ae9e7c257e8d7b5f8e93b01c549a81a148c4dbe93db16b2f2714ef/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a0c8c22317ae9e7c257e8d7b5f8e93b01c549a81a148c4dbe93db16b2f2714ef/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a0c8c22317ae9e7c257e8d7b5f8e93b01c549a81a148c4dbe93db16b2f2714ef/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "41df94846bb8",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh",
"-c",
"while true;do echo zhangyq;sleep 1;done"
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "9d602301f20838f3fd56f2591106c5b06d2a09fde19d7900fc3df9253004a895",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/9d602301f208",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "323227aed766d91bb41157c6069a14ec5f27fc5de90a80eaa2ea5e1814b82ae3",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "c1e17e5918804d242b90300db0185948dc8b70b58708439899d4497f260c3136",
"EndpointID": "323227aed766d91bb41157c6069a14ec5f27fc5de90a80eaa2ea5e1814b82ae3",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
进入当前正在运行的容器
docker exec
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker exec --help
Usage: docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
Run a command in a running container
Options:
-d, --detach Detached mode: run command in the background
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--privileged Give extended privileges to the command
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
41df94846bb8 centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 22 minutes ago Up 22 minutes nifty_brown
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker exec -it 41df94846bb8 /bin/bash
[root@41df94846bb8 /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@41df94846bb8 /]# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 07:50 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c while true;do echo zhangyq;sleep 1;done
root 1378 0 0 08:13 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 1399 1 0 08:13 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1
root 1400 1378 0 08:13 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
[root@41df94846bb8 /]#
docker attach
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker attach --help
Usage: docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
Options:
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--no-stdin Do not attach STDIN
--sig-proxy Proxy all received signals to the process (default true)
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
41df94846bb8 centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 34 minutes ago Up 34 minutes nifty_brown
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker attach 41df94846bb8
zhangyq
zhangyq
zhangyq
zhangyq
zhangyq
^Czhangyq
zhangyq
zhangyq
exec和attach的区别
docker cp 从容器内拷贝文件到主机
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@e22c8e5badd6 /]# [root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e22c8e5badd6 centos "/bin/bash" 19 seconds ago Up 18 seconds goofy_franklin
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker attach e22c8e5badd6
[root@e22c8e5badd6 /]# cd /home
[root@e22c8e5badd6 home]# ls
[root@e22c8e5badd6 home]# touch test.java
[root@e22c8e5badd6 home]# ls -l
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 26 09:00 test.java
[root@e22c8e5badd6 home]# exit
exit
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e22c8e5badd6 centos "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Exited (0) 10 seconds ago goofy_franklin
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# docker cp e22c8e5badd6:/home/test.java /home/admin
[root@ecs-214025 admin]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 26 17:00 test.java
[root@ecs-214025 admin]#
小结
标签：--,admin,214025,ecs,Docker,常用命令,docker,root,030 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/wl3pb/p/16439858.html