二个视图基类、五个视图扩展类、九个视图子类、视图集
作者：互联网
使用APIView写5个接口
class BookView(APIView):
renderer_classes = [JSONRenderer, ]
def get(self, request):
book_list = Book.objects.all()
ser = BookSerializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self, request):
ser = BookSerializer(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
ser.save()
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '新增成功'})
return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': '新增失败', 'err': ser.errors})
class BookDetailView(APIView):
def get(self, request, pk):
book = Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
ser = BookSerializer(book)
return Response(ser.data)
parser_classes = [JSONParser, ]
def put(self, request, pk):
book = Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
ser = BookSerializer(instance=book, data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
ser.save()
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '修改成功'})
return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': '修改失败', 'err': ser.errors})
def delete(self, request, pk):
Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '删除成功'})
继承GenericAPIView写5个接口
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
class PublishView(GenericAPIView): queryset = Publish.objects.all() serializer_class = PublishSerializer def get(self, request): model_list = self.get_queryset() ser = self.get_serializer(instance=model_list, many=True) return Response(ser.data) def post(self, request): ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data) if ser.is_valid(): ser.save() return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '添加成功'}) return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': '添加失败', 'err': ser.errors}) class PublishDetailView(GenericAPIView): queryset = Publish.objects.all() serializer_class = PublishSerializer def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): model_obj = self.get_object() ser = self.get_serializer(model_obj) return Response(ser.data) def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs): model_obj = self.get_object() ser = self.get_serializer(model_obj, data=request.data) if ser.is_valid(): ser.save() return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '修改成功'}) return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': '修改失败', 'err': ser.errors}) def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs): self.get_object().delete() return Response({'code': 100, 'mag': '删除成功'})
5个视图扩展类
# 视图扩展类---》不是视图类---》没有继承视图类(View,APIView...子类) ListModelMixin, #获取所有 CreateModelMixin,#创建一个 RetrieveModelMixin,#查询一个 UpdateModelMixin,#更新一个 DestroyModelMixin#删除一个
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin
class PublishView(GenericAPIView,ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin,):
queryset = Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = PublishSerializer
def get(self, request):
return super().list(request)
def post(self, request):
return super().create(request)
class PublishDetailView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return super().retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
def put(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
return super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)
def delete(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
return super().destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)
9个视图子类
from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView, CreateAPIView, ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveAPIView, UpdateAPIView, \
DestroyAPIView, RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView, RetrieveUpdateAPIView, RetrieveDestroyAPIView
class PublishView(ListCreateAPIView):
queryset = Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = PublishSerializer
class PublishDetailView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
queryset = Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = PublishSerializer
视图集
class PublishView(ModelViewSet):
queryset = Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = PublishSerializer
路由
path('publish/', views.PublishView.as_view({'get':'list', 'post':'create'})),
path('publish/<int:pk>', views.PublishView.as_view({'get':'retrieve','delete':'destroy','put':'update'})),
ModelViewSet=
# 5个视图扩展类---》每个类里有一个方法 list，create，retrieve，destory，update
mixins.CreateModelMixin,
mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
mixins.ListModelMixin,
# ViewSetMixin：特点，只要继承它，路由写法变了，变成了：as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}---》请求方式和方法的对应关系
# generics.GenericAPIView 2个视图基类中得一个
GenericViewSet
-ViewSetMixin+GenericAPIView
# ViewSetMixin 源码分析
class ViewSetMixin:
@classonlymethod
def as_view(cls, actions=None, **initkwargs):
# actions={'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}
def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
# method:get action:list
for method, action in actions.items():
# handler就是list
handler = getattr(self, action) #视图类反射有没有list
# 反射：把get变成了list
setattr(self, method, handler)
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
return csrf_exempt(view)
# 如果请求来了，会执行 view(request)
# 视图集中的类
-ModelViewSet
-ReadOnlyModelViewSet
-ViewSetMixin
-ViewSet ：ViewSetMixin+APIView
-GenericViewSet：ViewSetMixin+GenericAPIView
# 以后你想继承APIView，但是路由想自动生成，继承ViewSet
# 以后想继承GenericViewSet，但是路由想自动生成，GenericViewSet
路由组件
# 1 继承了ViewSetMixin及其子类，路由写法变了
-写法一：path('publish', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'lqz','post':'login'})),
-写法二：自动生成
# 第一步：导入一个路由类
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter
# 第二步：实例化得到对象
router=SimpleRouter()
# router = DefaultRouter() # 它会给每个注册的视图类都生成一个根路由
# 第三步：注册路由---》使用视图类注册---》能自动生成路由
router.register('books', views.BookView, 'books')
router.register('publish', views.PublishView, 'publish')
# 第四步：在总路由中注册 方式二
path('', include(router.urls)),
# 第四步：在总路由中注册 方式一
# urlpatterns+=router.urls
# action装饰器的用法
-之前自动生成路由只能生成
{'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}，{'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'}
-使用action装饰器来做对应关系
'''
methods:请求方式
detail:
False:是不是带id的路由 http://127.0.0.1/publish/3 http://127.0.0.1/publish
True: 生成的路由publish/pk/lqz/
url_path：如果不写，就是函数名生成的路径是：http://127.0.0.1/publish/lqz
url_name:别名
'''
路由
path('publish', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'lqz','post':'login'})),
视图类
class PublishView(ViewSetMixin,APIView): # 路由写法变了，变成映射关系了，在视图类中可以写任意的方法名
def lqz(self,request):
return Response('lqz')
def login(self,request):
return Response('login')
BookView
标签：return,ser,get,子类,self,request,视图,基类,def 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/wcc98/p/16390452.html