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实验五

作者：互联网

1.实验任务1：文本文件数据格式化读写

task1_1.c

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
    char name[M];   //书名 
    char author[M]; //作者 
 } Book;
 
 
 int main()
 {
     
     Book x[N]={ { "一九八四", "乔治.奥威尔"},
                 {"美丽新世界", "赫胥黎"},
                 {"昨日的世界", "斯蒂芬.茨威格"},
                 {"万历十五年", "黄仁宇"},
                 {"一只特立独行的猪", "王小波"}
             };
         int i;
         
         FILE *fp;
         
         // 以写的方式打开文本文件data1.txt
         fp = fopen("data1.txt", "w");
         
         // 如果打开文件失败，输出提示信息并返回
         if(fp == NULL)
         {
             printf("fail to open file\n");
             return 1;
         }
         
        // 将结构体数组x中的图书信息写到fp指向的文件data1.txt
       // 同时也输出到屏幕上
         for(i=0; i<N; ++i)
         {
           fprintf(fp, "%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
           printf("%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
         }
         
           fclose(fp);
           return 0;
}

task1.2

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80
typedef struct
{
     char name[M];   // 书名
     char author[M]; // 作者
}Book;   



 int main()
 {
       Book x[N];
       int i;
       
       FILE *fp;  
       
       // 以读的方式打开文本文件data1.txt
       fp = fopen("data1.txt", "r");
       
      // 如果打开文件失败，输出提示信息并返回
      if(fp == NULL)
      {
         printf("fail to open file\n");
         return 1;
     }
     
     // 从fp指向的文件data1.txt中读取信息到结构体数组x
     // 同时，把x的内容输出到屏幕上
     for(i=0; i<N; ++i)
     {
     fscanf(fp, "%s %s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
     printf("%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
     }
     
     fclose(fp);
     
     return 0;
}

task2.1

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
     char name[M];   // 书名
     char author[M]; // 作者
}Book; 



int main()
{
    Book x[N] = { {"一九八四", "乔治.奥威尔"},
                  {"美丽新世界", "赫胥黎"},
                  {"昨日的世界", "斯蒂芬.茨威格"},
                  {"万历十五年", "黄仁宇"},
                  {"一只特立独行的猪", "王小波"}
                };
                
     int i;
     
     FILE *fp;
     
     // 以写的方式打开二进制文件data2.dat
     
     fp = fopen("data2.dat", "wb");
     
     // 如果打开文件失败，输出提示信息并返回
     if(fp == NULL)
     {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    // 将结构体数组x中的图书信息写以数据块方式写入文件
    // 把从地址x处开始sizeof(Book)×N个字节大小的数据块写入fp指向的文件
    fwrite(x, sizeof(Book), N, fp);
    
    
    fclose(fp);
    
    return 0;
}

task2.2

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
     char name[M];   // 书名
     char author[M]; // 作者
}Book;


int main()
{
     Book x[N];
     int i;
     
     FILE *fp;
     
     // 以读的方式打开二进制文件data2.dat
     fp = fopen("data2.dat", "rb");
     
     // 如果打开文件失败，输出提示信息并返回
     if(fp == NULL)
     {
         printf("fail to open file\n");
         return 1;
     }
     
     // 从fp指向的文件中读取数据块到x对应的地址单元
     // 数据块大小为sizeof(Book)×N
     fread(x, sizeof(Book), N, fp);
     
     // 在屏幕上输出结构体数组x中保存的数据
     for(i=0; i<N; ++i)
     printf("%-20s%-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
     
     
     fclose(fp);
     
     return 0;
}

task3.1

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
      FILE *fin, *fout;
      char ch;
      
      // 以只读、文本方式打开文件data3_1.txt
      fin = fopen("data3_1.txt", "r");
      
      // 如果打开失败，输出提示信息并返回
      if(fin == NULL)
      {
         printf("fail to open data3_1.txt\n");
         return 1;
      }
      
      // 以写、文本方式打开文件data3_2.txt
      fout = fopen("data3_2.txt", "w");
      
      // 如果打开失败，输出提示信息并返回 
      if(fout == NULL)
      {
         printf("fail to open data3_2.txt\n");
         return 1;
     }
     
     // 当fin指向的文件data1_txt没有结束时
     while( !feof(fin) )
     {
     
         // 从fin指向的文件data1_txt读取单个字符
         ch = fgetc(fin);
         
         // 如果ch是小写字母，转换成大写
         if(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
             ch -= 32;
             
             // 将字符变量ch中的字符写入fout指向的文件data3_2.txt
             fputc(ch, fout);
     }
     
     fclose(fin);
     fclose(fout);
     
     
     return 0;
}

task3.2

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    FILE *fin;
    char ch;
    int count=0;
    if((fin=fopen("data3_1.txt","r"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open data3_1.txt");
        return 1;
    }
    while(!feof(fin))
    {
        ch=fgetc(fin);
        if(ch!=' '&&ch!='\n'&&ch!='\t'&&ch!=EOF)
        {
            count++;
        }
        
    }
    printf("data3_1.txt中共包含字符数=%d",count);
    fclose(fin);
    return 0;
}

task4

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5

typedef struct
{
     long no;
     char name[20];
     int score;
} STU;


int findMinlist(STU s[], int n, STU t[]);

int main()
{
     STU stu[N], minlist[N];
     int count, i;
     FILE *fin, *fout;
     
     fin = fopen("data4_1.txt", "r");
     
     if(fin == NULL)
     {
         printf("fail to open file\n");
         return 1;
    }
    
    for(i=0; i<N; ++i)
    {
      fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %d", &stu[i].no, stu[i].name, &stu[i].score);
      printf("%ld %s %d\n", stu[i].no, stu[i].name, stu[i].score);
      }

    fclose(fin);
    
    count = findMinlist(stu, N, minlist);
    
    printf("\n一共有%d个最低分，信息如下: \n", count);
    for(i=0; i<count; ++i)
    printf("%ld %s %d\n", minlist[i].no, minlist[i].name,minlist[i].score);
    
    fout = fopen("data4_2.txt", "w");
    
    if(fout == NULL)
    {
      printf("fail to open file\n");
      return 1;
      }
      
      for(i=0; i<count; ++i)
          fprintf(fout, "%ld %s %d\n", minlist[i].no, minlist[i].name,minlist[i].score);
          
          fclose(fout);
          
          return 0;
}

int findMinlist(STU s[], int n, STU t[])
{
      int i, k, min_score;
      
       min_score = s[0].score;
      
      for(i=1; i<n; ++i)
         if(s[i].score < min_score)
             min_score = s[i].score;
             
      k = 0;
      for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
         if(s[i].score == min_score)
         {
             t[k]=s[i];
             ++k;
         }
         
         return k;
}

task5

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define N 10

typedef struct
{
     long int id;
     char name[20];
     float objective; 
     float subjective; 
     float sum;
     char level[10];
} STU;


void input(STU s[], int n);
void output(STU s[], int n);
void process(STU s[], int n);

int main()
{
     STU stu[N];
     
     printf("从文件读入%d个考生信息: 准考证号，姓名，客观题得分(<=40)，操作题得分(<=60)\n", N);
     input(stu, N);
     
     printf("\n对考生信息进行处理: 计算总分，确定等级\n");
     process(stu, N);
     
     printf("\n打印考生完整信息, 并保存到文件中");
     output(stu, N);

  return 0;
}

void input(STU s[], int n)
{
     int i;
     FILE *fin;
     fin = fopen("examinee.txt", "r");
     if (fin == NULL)
     {
         printf("fail to open file\n");
         exit(0);
     }
     
     while (!feof(fin))
     {
         for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
         fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %f %f", &s[i].id, s[i].name,&s[i].objective, &s[i].subjective);
     }
   fclose(fin);
}


void output(STU s[], int n)
{
   FILE *fout;
   int i;
   printf("\n");
   printf("准考证号\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t等级\n");
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
   printf("%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id,s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level);
   
   fout = fopen("result.txt", "w");
   if (!fout)
   {
       printf("fail to open or create result.txt\n");
       exit(0);
    }
    
    fprintf(fout, "准考证号\t\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t等级\n");
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
       fprintf(fout, "%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id,s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level);
  fclose(fout);
}


void process(STU s[], int n)
{
     int i,j;
     STU t;
     for(i=0;i<n;i++)
     {
         s[i].sum=(s[i].objective)+(s[i].subjective);
     }
     for(j=0;j<n-1;j++)
     for(i=0;i<n-j-1;i++)
     {
         if(s[i].sum<s[i+1].sum)
          {
          t=s[i];
         s[i]=s[i+1];
         s[i+1]=t;
    }
     }
     for(i=0;i<1;i++)
     {
         strcpy(s[i].level,"优秀");
     }
     for(;i>=i&&i<5;i++)
     strcpy(s[i].level,"合格");
     for(;i<n;i++)
     {
         strcpy(s[i].level,"不合格");
     }
     }

task6

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define N 80
#define M 5
typedef struct
{
   long int id; 
   char name[20];
   char banji[60];
}STU;
int main()
{
    int i,j; 
    STU x[N],ran[M];
    FILE *fin,*fout;
    fin = fopen("list.txt","r");
    
    if(fin == NULL) 
    { 
       printf("fail to open list.txt\n"); 
       return 1;
       }
       
    for(i=0;i<N;i++)
    {
       fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %s", &x[i].id, x[i].name, x[i].banji); 
    }
    
    fclose(fin);
    
    srand(time(0));   
    j = rand()%(80)+1;   
    
    for(i=0;i<M;i++)
    {
        ran[i] = x[j];
        j = rand()%(80)+1;
    }
    
    fout = fopen("lucky.txt", "w"); 
    
    if(fout == NULL) 
    { 
       printf("fail to open file\n"); 
       return 1; 
       }
    
    for(i=0;i<M;i++) 
    {
       fprintf(fout, "%ld %s %s\n", ran[i].id, ran[i].name, ran[i].banji); 
       printf("%ld %s %s\n", ran[i].id, ran[i].name, ran[i].banji);
    }
    
    fclose(fout); 
    
    return 0;
}

 

标签：fp,include,int,char,实验,txt,fin
来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/jwq-niubility/p/16349356.html