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K8S原来如此简单(六)Pod调度

作者:互联网

我们前面部署的pod调度取决于kube-scheduler,它会根据自己的算法,集群的状态来选择合适的node部署我们的pod。

下面我们来看下如何来根据我们自己的要求,来影响pod的调度。

定向node调度

有时候我们想将pod调度到某一些node上,比如csharp开发的程序,调度到某一些node,java开发的程序调度到另一些node,这时候我们可以选择定向调度。

定向调度需要用到我们前面说的label,具体做法就是将node打上指定的label,然后在定义pod/deployment的时候根据nodeselector指定node

node1添加label

kubectl label nodes k8s-node1 language=csharp

指定nodeSelector字段

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: chesterdeployment
  namespace: chesterns
  labels:
    app: chesterapi
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: chesterapi
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: chesterapi
    spec:
     containers:
     - name: oneapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/oneapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5000
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test
           port: 5000
     - name: twoapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/twoapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5001
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test/calloneapi
           port: 5001
     nodeSelector:
      language: csharp

 

重新apply deployment即可发现pod已经调度到我们的node1上

kubectl delete -f deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
kubectl describe pod -n chesterns

亲和性

节点亲和类似于nodeSelector,可以根据节点上的标签来约束Pod可以调度到哪些节点。相比nodeSelector,亲和性有以下特点:

下面我们通过亲和性来将pod,调度到node1上

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: chesterdeployment
  namespace: chesterns
  labels:
    app: chesterapi
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: chesterapi
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: chesterapi
    spec:
     affinity:
      nodeAffinity:
       requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
        nodeSelectorTerms:
        - matchExpressions:
          - key: language
            operator: In
            values:
            - csharp
            - golang
     containers:
     - name: oneapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/oneapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5000
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test
           port: 5000
     - name: twoapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/twoapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5001
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test/calloneapi
           port: 5001

可以通过kubectl apply来验证结果。

亲和性有In、NotIn、Exists、DoesNotExist、Gt、Lt操作符

亲和性规则

  1. 如果同时定义了nodeSelector和nodeAffinity,那么必须两个条 件都得到满足,Pod才能最终运行在指定的Node上。

  2. 如果nodeAffinity指定了多个nodeSelectorTerms,那么其中一个 能够匹配成功即可。

  3. 如果在nodeSelectorTerms中有多个matchExpressions,则一个节 点必须满足所有matchExpressions才能运行该Pod。

删除node上的label

kubectl label nodes k8s-node1 language-

资源开销

容器的资源开销同样会影响pod的调度,在调度时,kube-scheduler会找到一台与yaml中限制的资源匹配的node.

容器资源限制:

容器使用的最小资源需求,作为容器调度时资源分配的依据:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: chesterdeployment
  namespace: chesterns
  labels:
    app: chesterapi
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: chesterapi
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: chesterapi
    spec:
     containers:
     - name: oneapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/oneapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5000
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test
           port: 5000
       resources:
        limits:
         cpu: 1000m
         memory: 2000Mi
        requests:
         cpu: 100m
         memory: 200Mi

这就是一个很常见的资源限制示例。

污点Taint

NodeAffinity节点亲和性,是在Pod上定义的一种属性, 使得Pod能够被调度到某些Node上运行(优先选择或强制要求)。Taint 则正好相反,它让Node拒绝Pod的运行。

设置污点

#kubectl taint node [node] key=value:[effect]
kubectl taint node k8s-node1 language=csharp:NoExecute

其中[effect] 可取值:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: chesterdeployment
  namespace: chesterns
  labels:
    app: chesterapi
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: chesterapi
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: chesterapi
    spec:
     containers:
     - name: oneapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/oneapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5000
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test
           port: 5000
     - name: twoapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/twoapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5001
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test/calloneapi
           port: 5001

可以通过kubectl apply来验证结果。

Tolerations

在 Node上设置一个或多个Taint之后,除非Pod明确声明能够容忍这些污点,否则无法在这些Node上运行。Toleration是Pod的属性,让Pod能够 (注意,只是能够,而非必须)运行在标注了Taint的Node上。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: chesterdeployment
  namespace: chesterns
  labels:
    app: chesterapi
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: chesterapi
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: chesterapi
    spec:
     tolerations:
     - key: "language"
       operator: "Equal"
       value: "csharp"
       effect: "NoExecute"
     containers:
     - name: oneapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/oneapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5000
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test
           port: 5000
     - name: twoapi
       image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/chester-k8s/twoapi:latest
       ports:
       - containerPort: 5001
       livenessProbe:
         httpGet:
           path: /test/calloneapi
           port: 5001

通过以下命令验证

kubectl delete -f deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
kubectl describe pod -n chesterns

去掉污点

kubectl taint node [node] key:[effect]-

标签:node,kubectl,name,app,调度,Pod,K8S,chesterapi,原来如此
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/chenyishi/p/16052854.html