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js 继承方式(一)

作者:互联网

js 继承 分为 原型继承、组合继承、寄生组合继承、es6的extend
---------------------------------------------------
原型继承
1.父类的实例作为子类的原型
2.缺点:子类的实例对象共享了父类的构造函数的引用属性

function Person() {
	this.name = "tom"
	this.money = {
		consume: 100,
		deposit: 10000
	}
}
function Student() {
	this.school = "希望小学"
}
Student.prototype = new Person()
var stu = new Student()
console.log(stu.name) // tom 
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Student.prototype = new Person()  // 父类的实例作为子类的原型
Student的原型属性的值是 Person 的实例  
new Person() 的作用过程如下:
var p = {}
p.__proto__ = Person.prototype
var res = Person.call(p)
return res instanceof Object ? res : p

Student.prototype = p ==> Student.prototype.__proto__ == Person.prototype
完成了原型链

Student.prototype.__proto__ = Person.prototype
var o = {}
o.__proto__ = Student.prototype
var res = Student.call(o) // this.school = "希望小学"
实现了共享

o.__proto__.__proto__ = Person.prototype

 
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
stu.money.consume = 200
var stu1 = new Student()
console.log(stu1.money,consume) // 200
这说明了子类的实例对象共享了父类构造函数的引用属性

var p = new Person()
console.log(p.money.consume) // 100
----------------------------------------------
组合继承
1.在子类构造函数中运行父类构造函数 改变this指向
2.获取父类的原型属性的值的方法  改变constructor 解决共享引用属性的问题
3.优点:可传参 不再共享引用属性 缺点:父类构造函数调用了两次

function Person(name) {
	this.name = name
	this.money = {
		consume: 100
	}
}
Person.prototype.getName = function() {
	alert(this.name)
}
function Man(name, sex) {
	Person.call(this, name)  // this.name = name
	this.sex = sex
}
Man.prototype = new Person() 
Man.prototype.constructor = Man
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<script type="text/javascript">
			function Person(name) {
				this.name = name
				this.money = {
					consume: 100
				}
			}
			Person.prototype.getName = function() {
				alert(this.name)
			}
			function Man(name, sex) {
			//把这个引用类型独立出来,放在Man的构造函数里,让Man的实例们各自生成自己的这个属性  屏蔽了原型链上的money属性 (Person)
				Person.call(this, name)  // 关键代码 解决共享
				this.sex = sex
			}
			Man.prototype = new Person() 
			Man.prototype.constructor = Man
			
			var tom = new Man('tom', 'man')
			console.log(tom.money) // {consume: 200}
			tom.money.consume = 200
			var john = new Man('john', 'man')
			console.log(john.money) // {consume: 100}
			
			// 没有共享
			
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
function P() {
	this.info = {width: 100}
}
function S() {
	this.info = {width: 200}
}
S.prototype = new P()
var s = new S()
console.log(s.info.width) // 200
屏蔽了原型链上的info
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++




标签:name,方式,继承,js,Person,Student,new,prototype,Man
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43956427/article/details/123215393