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微服务架构 | 7.2 构建使用 JWT 令牌存储的 OAuth2 安全认证

作者:互联网

目录


前言

《Spring Microservices in Action》
《Spring Cloud Alibaba 微服务原理与实战》
《B站 尚硅谷 SpringCloud 框架开发教程 周阳》

JWT 为 OAuth2 令牌提供规范标准,并且可以自定义 JWT 令牌;


1. JWT 令牌存储基础知识

1.1 JSON Web Token


2. 构建使用 JWT 令牌存储的 OAuth2 服务器

2.1 引入 pom.xml 依赖文件

<!-- JWT OAuth2 库 -->
<dependency> 
  <groupid>org.springframework.security</groupid> 
  <artifactid>spring-security-jwt</artifactid> 
</dependency>

<!--security 通用安全库-->
<dependency> 
  <groupid>org.springframework.cloud</groupid> 
  <artifactid>spring-cloud-security</artifactid> 
</dependency> 
<!--oauth2.0-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.2 创建 JWT 令牌存储

在 security 包或 config 包下;

@Configration
public class JWTTokenStoreConfig{
    @Autowired
    private ServiceConfig serviceConfig;

    @Bean
    public TokenStore tokenStore(){
        return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter());
    }
 
    //用于从出示给服务的令牌中读取数据
    @Bean
    @Primary  //用于告诉 Spring,如果有多个特定类型的 bean(本例中为 DefaultTokenService),那么使用 @Primary 标注的 Bean 类型自动注入
    public DefaultTikenServices tokenServices(){
        DefaultTokenServices defaultTokenServices = new DefaultTokenServices();
        defaultTokenServices.setTokenStore(tokenStore());
        defaultTokenServices.setSupportRefreshToken(true);
        return defaultTokenServices;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){
        //在 JWT 和 OAuth2 服务器之间充当翻译 
        JwtAccessTokenConverter conver = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        //定义将用于签署令牌的签名密钥
        conver.setSigningKey(serviceConfig.getJwtSigningKey());
    } 

    @Bean
    public TokenEnhancer jwtTokenEnhancer(){
        return new JWTTokenEnhancer();
    }

}

2.3 将 JWT 挂载到验证服务中

@Configuration
public class JWTOAuth2Config extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    @Autowired
    private TokenStore tokenStore;
    @Autowired
    private DefaultTokenServices tokenServices;
    @Autowired
    private JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter;
    @Autowired
    private TokenEnhancer jwtTokenEnhancer;

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        TokenEnhancerChain tokenEnhancerChain = new TokenEnhancerChain();
        tokenEnhancerChain.setTokenEnhancers(Arrays.asList(jwtTokenEnhancer, jwtAccessTokenConverter));

        endpoints.tokenStore(tokenStore)                             //JWT,5.2中定义的命令存储将在这里注入
                .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter)       //JWT,钩子,用于告诉 Spring Security OAuth2 代码使用 JWT
                .tokenEnhancer(tokenEnhancerChain)                   //JWT
                .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                .userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {

        clients.inMemory()
                .withClient("eagleeye")
                .secret("thisissecret")
                .authorizedGrantTypes("refresh_token", "password", "client_credentials")
                .scopes("webclient", "mobileclient");
    }
}

3. 在受保护服务中使用 JWT

3.1 引入 pom.xml 依赖文件

<!-- JWT OAuth2 库 -->
<dependency> 
    <groupid>org.springframework.security</groupid> 
    <artifactid>spring-security-jwt</artifactid> 
</dependency>

<!--security 通用安全库-->
<dependency> 
	<groupid>org.springframework.cloud</groupid> 
	<artifactid>spring-cloud-security</artifactid> 
</dependency> 
<!--oauth2.0-->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId>
</dependency>

3.2 在受保护服务中创建 JWTTokenStoreConfig 类

@Configuration
public class JWTTokenStoreConfig {

    @Autowired
    private ServiceConfig serviceConfig;
    //JWT
    @Bean
    public TokenStore tokenStore() {
        return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter());
    }

    //JWT
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DefaultTokenServices tokenServices() {
        DefaultTokenServices defaultTokenServices = new DefaultTokenServices();
        defaultTokenServices.setTokenStore(tokenStore());
        defaultTokenServices.setSupportRefreshToken(true);
        return defaultTokenServices;
    }

    //JWT
    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter() {
        JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        converter.setSigningKey(serviceConfig.getJwtSigningKey());
        return converter;
    }

}

3.3 创建自定义的 RestTemplate 类以注入 JWT 令牌

可以在主程序类里,也可以在主程序类所在包及其子包里;

@Primary
@Bean
public RestTemplate getCustomRestTemplate() {
    RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
    List interceptors = template.getInterceptors();
    if (interceptors == null) {
        //UserContextInterceptor 会将 Authorization 首部注入每个 REST 调用
        template.setInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new UserContextInterceptor()));
    } else {
        interceptors.add(new UserContextInterceptor());
        template.setInterceptors(interceptors);
    }
    return template;
}

3.4 UserContextInterceptor 将注入 JWT 令牌到 REST 调用

public class UserContextInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {
    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(
            HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution)
            throws IOException {

        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        headers.add(UserContext.CORRELATION_ID, UserContextHolder.getContext().getCorrelationId());
        //将授权令牌添加到 HTTP 首部
        headers.add(UserContext.AUTH_TOKEN, UserContextHolder.getContext().getAuthToken());

        return execution.execute(request, body);
    }
}

3.5 扩展 JWT 令牌(也叫自定义、增强)

//需要扩展 TokenEnhancer 类
public class JWTTokenEnhancer implements TokenEnhancer {
    @Autowired
    private OrgUserRepository orgUserRepo;

    //基于用户名查找用户的组织 ID
    private String getOrgId(String userName){
        UserOrganization orgUser = orgUserRepo.findByUserName( userName );
        return orgUser.getOrganizationId();
    }

    //进行这种增强,需要覆盖 enhance() 方法
    @Override
    public OAuth2AccessToken enhance(OAuth2AccessToken accessToken, OAuth2Authentication authentication) {
        Map<String, Object> additionalInfo = new HashMap<>();
        String orgId =  getOrgId(authentication.getName());

        additionalInfo.put("organizationId", orgId);
        //所有附加属性放在 HashMap 中,并设置在传入该方法的 accessToken 变量上
        ((DefaultOAuth2AccessToken) accessToken).setAdditionalInformation(additionalInfo);
        return accessToken;
    }
}

3.6 告诉被保护服务使用 JWTTokenEnhancer 类

@Bean
public TokenEnhancer jwtTokenEnhancer() {
    return new JWTTokenEnhancer();
}
@Configuration
public class JWTOAuth2Config extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    @Autowired
    private TokenStore tokenStore;
    @Autowired
    private DefaultTokenServices tokenServices;
    @Autowired
    private JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter;
    //自动装配 TokenEnhancer 类
    @Autowired
    private TokenEnhancer jwtTokenEnhancer;

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        //允许开发人员挂钩多个令牌增强器
        TokenEnhancerChain tokenEnhancerChain = new TokenEnhancerChain();
        tokenEnhancerChain.setTokenEnhancers(Arrays.asList(jwtTokenEnhancer, jwtAccessTokenConverter));

        endpoints.tokenStore(tokenStore)                             //JWT
                .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter)       //JWT
                .tokenEnhancer(tokenEnhancerChain)                   //JWT,将令牌增强器链挂钩到传入 configure() 方法的 endpoints 参数
                .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                .userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients.inMemory()
                .withClient("eagleeye")
                .secret("thisissecret")
                .authorizedGrantTypes("refresh_token", "password", "client_credentials")
                .scopes("webclient", "mobileclient");
    }
}

3.7 使用 JJWT 库在 Zuul 网关里解析 JWT 令牌中解析自定义字段

以下配置均在在 Zuul 网关服务里进行;

3.7.1 在 Zuul 网关里添加 pom.xml 依赖文件

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
  <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
  <version>0.7.0</version>
</dependency>

3.7.2 添加一个新方法,用来解析 serviceId

private String getOrganizationId(){
    String result="";
    if (filterUtils.getAuthToken()!=null){
        //从 HTTP 首部 Authorization 解析出令牌
        String authToken = filterUtils.getAuthToken().replace("Bearer ","");
        try {
            //传入用于签署令牌的签名密钥,使用 JWTS 类解析令牌
            Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
                    .setSigningKey(serviceConfig.getJwtSigningKey().getBytes("UTF-8"))
                    .parseClaimsJws(authToken).getBody();
            //从令牌中提取 xxxId
            result = (String) claims.get("organizationId");
        }
        catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    return result;
}


最后

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标签:令牌,OAuth2,Autowired,JWT,private,7.2,new,public
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/dlhjw/p/15861428.html