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canal 入门实践

2022-01-24 16:35:43 作者：互联网

Canal 的组成部分

简单来说，Canal 会将自己伪装成 MySQL 从节点（Slave），并从主节点（Master）获取 Binlog，解析和贮存后供下游消费端使用。Canal 包含两个组成部分：服务端和客户端。服务端负责连接至不同的 MySQL 实例，并为每个实例维护一个事件消息队列；客户端则可以订阅这些队列中的数据变更事件，处理并存储到数据仓库中。下面我们来看如何快速搭建起一个 Canal 服务。

MySQL 服务器

本人使用的mysql版本为5.6.33

修改 mysql 配置文件 my.conf
```
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin # 开启 binlog
binlog-format=ROW # 选择 ROW 模式
server_id=1 # 配置 MySQL replaction 需要定义，不要和 canal 的 slaveId 重复
```
- 注意：针对阿里云 RDS for MySQL , 默认打开了 binlog , 并且账号默认具有 binlog dump 权限 , 不需要任何权限或者 binlog 设置,可以直接跳过这一步
- 授权 canal 链接 MySQL 账号具有作为 MySQL slave 的权限, 如果已有账户可直接 grant

CREATE USER canal IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';  
GRANT SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%';
-- GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%' ;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

重启下mysql服务器 service mysql restart

canal服务器

下载 canal, 访问 release 页面 , 选择需要的包下载, 如以 1.1.5 版本为例

wget https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases/download/canal-1.1.5/canal.deployer-1.1.5.tar.gz

解压缩

mkdir /tmp/canal
tar zxvf canal.deployer-$version.tar.gz  -C /tmp/canal

解压完成后，进入 /tmp/canal 目录，可以看到如下结构

drwxr-xr-x 2 jianghang jianghang  136 2013-02-05 21:51 bin
drwxr-xr-x 4 jianghang jianghang  160 2013-02-05 21:51 conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 jianghang jianghang 1.3K 2013-02-05 21:51 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 jianghang jianghang   48 2013-02-05 21:29 logs

配置修改

vi conf/example/instance.properties

## mysql serverId
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId = 1234
#position info，需要改成自己的数据库信息
canal.instance.master.address = 127.0.0.1:3306 
canal.instance.master.journal.name = 
canal.instance.master.position = 
canal.instance.master.timestamp = 
#canal.instance.standby.address = 
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position = 
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp = 
#username/password，需要改成自己的数据库信息
canal.instance.dbUsername = canal  
canal.instance.dbPassword = canal
canal.instance.defaultDatabaseName =
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8
#table regex
canal.instance.filter.regex = .\*\\\\..\*

canal.instance.connectionCharset 代表数据库的编码方式对应到 java 中的编码类型，比如 UTF-8，GBK , ISO-8859-1
如果系统是1个 cpu，需要将 canal.instance.parser.parallel 设置为 false

启动
```
sh bin/startup.sh
```

查看 server 日志

vi logs/canal/canal.log

2013-02-05 22:45:27.967 [main] INFO  com.alibaba.otter.canal.deployer.CanalLauncher - ## start the canal server.
2013-02-05 22:45:28.113 [main] INFO  com.alibaba.otter.canal.deployer.CanalController - ## start the canal server[10.1.29.120:11111]
2013-02-05 22:45:28.210 [main] INFO  com.alibaba.otter.canal.deployer.CanalLauncher - ## the canal server is running now ......

查看 instance 的日志

vi logs/example/example.log

2013-02-05 22:50:45.636 [main] INFO  c.a.o.c.i.spring.support.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer - Loading properties file from class path resource [canal.properties]
2013-02-05 22:50:45.641 [main] INFO  c.a.o.c.i.spring.support.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer - Loading properties file from class path resource [example/instance.properties]
2013-02-05 22:50:45.803 [main] INFO  c.a.otter.canal.instance.spring.CanalInstanceWithSpring - start CannalInstance for 1-example 
2013-02-05 22:50:45.810 [main] INFO  c.a.otter.canal.instance.spring.CanalInstanceWithSpring - start successful....

关闭

sh bin/stop.sh

canal客户端

Canal 客户端

java maven配置

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.protocol</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.5</version>
        </dependency>

package canal;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry.*;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.List;

public class ClientSample {
    
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        // 创建链接
        CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",
                11111), "example", "", "");
        int batchSize = 1000;
        int emptyCount = 0;
        try {
            connector.connect();
            connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
            connector.rollback();
            int totalEmptyCount = 1200;
            while (emptyCount < totalEmptyCount) {
                Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize); // 获取指定数量的数据
                long batchId = message.getId();
                int size = message.getEntries().size();
                if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
                    emptyCount++;
                    System.out.println("empty count : " + emptyCount);
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                } else {
                    emptyCount = 0;
                    // System.out.printf("message[batchId=%s,size=%s] \n", batchId, size);
                    printEntry(message.getEntries());
                }

                connector.ack(batchId); // 提交确认
                // connector.rollback(batchId); // 处理失败, 回滚数据
            }
            System.out.println("empty too many times, exit");
        } finally {
            connector.disconnect();
        }
    }

    private static void printEntry(List<Entry> entrys) {
        for (Entry entry : entrys) {
            if (entry.getEntryType() == EntryType.TRANSACTIONBEGIN || entry.getEntryType() == EntryType.TRANSACTIONEND) {
                continue;
            }
            RowChange rowChage = null;
            try {
                rowChage = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("ERROR ## parser of eromanga-event has an error , data:" + entry.toString(),
                        e);
            }

            EventType eventType = rowChage.getEventType();
            System.out.println(String.format("================&gt; binlog[%s:%s] , name[%s,%s] , eventType : %s",
                    entry.getHeader().getLogfileName(), entry.getHeader().getLogfileOffset(),
                    entry.getHeader().getSchemaName(), entry.getHeader().getTableName(),
                    eventType));

            for (RowData rowData : rowChage.getRowDatasList()) {
                if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {
                    printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                } else if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {
                    printColumn(rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                } else {
                    System.out.println("-------&gt; before");
                    printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                    System.out.println("-------&gt; after");
                    printColumn(rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static void printColumn(List<Column> columns) {
        for (Column column : columns) {
            System.out.println(column.getName() + " : " + column.getValue() + "    update=" + column.getUpdated());
        }
    }

}

引用：https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/QuickStart

https://blog.csdn.net/u013837825/article/details/120838244

标签：canal,02,入门,05,实践,alibaba,instance,2013
来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/fuanyu/p/15839952.html