SaltStack进阶

2021-11-30 13:01:27 作者：互联网

SaltStack进阶

masterless

应用场景

master 与 minion 网络不通或通信有延迟，即网络不稳定
想在 minion 端直接执行状态

传统的 SaltStack 是需要通过 master 来执行状态控制 minion 从而实现状态的管理，但是当网络不稳定的时候，当想在minion本地执行状态的时候，当在只有一台主机的时候，想执行状态该怎么办呢？这就需要用到 masterless 了。

有了masterless，即使你只有一台主机，也能玩saltstack，而不需要你有N台主机架构。

masterless配置

修改配置文件minion

注释master行
取消注释file_client并设其值为local
设置file_roots
设置pillar_roots

[root@minion1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
# Since salt uses detached ids it is possible to run multiple minions on the
# same machine but with different ids, this can be useful for salt compute
# clusters.
# id: minion   \\注释此行

# also be configured on the minion:
pillar_roots:  \\取消注释，设置变量环境
  base:
    - /srv/pillar/base

# Set the file client. The client defaults to looking on the master server for
# files, but can be directed to look at the local file directory setting
# defined below by setting it to "local". Setting a local file_client runs the
# minion in masterless mode.
file_client: local   \\取消注释，并将值设置为local

file_roots:   \\设置file_roots的路径和环境，可有多套环境
  base:
    - /srv/salt

关闭salt-minion服务

使用 masterless 模式时是不需要启动任何服务的，包括salt-master和salt-minion。

[root@minion1 ~]# systemctl stop salt-minion.service 
[root@minion1 ~]# systemctl disable salt-minion.service 
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/salt-minion.service.

salt-call

masterless模式执行模块或状态时需要使用salt-call命令，而不再是salt或者salt-ssh。需要注意的是要使用salt-call的–local选项。

[root@minion1 base]# salt-call --local cmd.run 'date'
local:
    Mon Nov 30 12:36:04 EST 2021
    
在minion关闭防火墙
[root@minion base]# cat main.sls 
firewalld.service:
  service.dead:
    - enable: false
    
[root@minion1 base]# salt-call --local state.sls 'main'
local:
----------
          ID: firewalld.service
    Function: service.dead
      Result: True
     Comment: Service firewalld.service has been disabled, and is dead
     Started: 12:36:18.654208
    Duration: 850.803 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              firewalld.service:
                  True

Summary for local
------------
Succeeded: 1 (changed=1)
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     1
Total run time: 850.803 ms

salt-master高可用

salt-master高可用配置

我们需要用salt来管理公司的所有机器，那么salt的master就不能宕机，否则就会整个瘫痪，所以我们必须要对salt进行高可用。salt的高可用配置非常简单，只需要改一下minion配置文件，将master用列表的形式列出即可。

salt-master高可用之数据同步

涉及到高可用时，数据的同步是个永恒的话题，我们必须保证高可用的2个master间使用的数据是一致的，包括：

/etc/salt/master配置文件
/etc/salt/pki目录下的所有key
/srv/下的salt和pillar目录下的所有文件

保障这些数据同步的方案有：

nfs挂载
rsync同步
使用gitlab进行版本控制

安全相关：

为保证数据的同步与防止丢失，可将状态文件通过gitlab进行版本控制管理。

salt-syndic分布式架构

salt-syndic架构图

salt-syndic的优劣势

优势：

可以通过syndic实现更复杂的salt架构
减轻master的负担

劣势：

syndic的/srv目录下的salt和pillar目录内容要与最顶层的master下的一致，所以要进行数据同步，同步方案同salt-master高可用
最顶层的master不知道自己有几个syndic，它只知道自己有多少个minion，并不知道这些minion是由哪些syndic来管理的

salt-syndic部署

安装salt-master与salt-syndic
[root@syndic ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo       CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo         CentOS-Media.repo      salt-7.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@syndic ~]# yum -y install salt-master salt-syndic

配置syndic

修改syndic所在主机的master配置文件

取消注释syndic_master
将syndic_master的值设为master的IP

[root@syndic ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
1082 syndic_master: 192.168.145.188
[root@syndic ~]# systemctl enable --now salt-master
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/salt-master.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/salt-master.service.
[root@syndic ~]# systemctl enable --now salt-syndic
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/salt-syndic.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/salt-syndic.service.

配置minion1
[root@minion1 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Stream-AppStream.repo         CentOS-Stream-Media.repo
CentOS-Stream-BaseOS.repo            CentOS-Stream-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Stream-Debuginfo.repo         CentOS-Stream-RealTime.repo
CentOS-Stream-Extras.repo            salt.repo
CentOS-Stream-HighAvailability.repo
[root@minion1 ~]# yum -y install salt-minion
[root@minion1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
 17 master: 192.168.145.196    //syndic主机IP
[root@minion ~]# systemctl enable --now salt-minion
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/salt-minion.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/salt-minion.service.
[root@minion1 ~]# tree /etc/salt/pki/
/etc/salt/pki/
├── master
└── minion
    ├── minion.pem
    └── minion.pub

2 directories, 2 files

minion2

[root@minion2 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Stream-AppStream.repo         CentOS-Stream-Media.repo
CentOS-Stream-BaseOS.repo            CentOS-Stream-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Stream-Debuginfo.repo         CentOS-Stream-RealTime.repo
CentOS-Stream-Extras.repo            salt.repo
CentOS-Stream-HighAvailability.repo
[root@minion2 ~]# yum -y install salt-minion
[root@minion2 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
 17 master: 192.168.145.196    //syndic主机IP
[root@minion2 ~]# systemctl enable --now salt-minion
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/salt-minion.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/salt-minion.service.
[root@minion2 ~]# tree /etc/salt/pki/
/etc/salt/pki/
├── master
└── minion
    ├── minion.pem
    └── minion.pub

2 directories, 2 files

在syndic上接受minion主机的key

minion1
[root@syndic ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
minion1
Rejected Keys:
[root@syndic ~]# salt-key -yA
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
minion1
Key for minion minion accepted.
[root@syndic ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
minion1
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:

minion2
[root@syndic ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
minion1
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
minion2
Rejected Keys:
[root@syndic ~]# salt-key -yA
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
minion2
Key for minion minion accepted.
[root@syndic ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
minion1
minion2
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:

在master上接受syndic主机的key

[root@master ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
syndic
Rejected Keys:
[root@master ~]# salt-key -yA
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
syndic
Key for minion syndic accepted.
[root@master ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
syndic
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:

测试

[root@master ~]# salt '*' test.ping
minion1:
    True
minion2:
    True

[root@syndic ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
file_roots:
  base:
    - /srv/salt/base
pillar_roots:
  base:
   - /srv/pillar/base
[root@syndic ~]# systemctl restart salt-master salt-syndic

[root@master ~]# scp -r /srv/* 192.168.145.188:/srv/
[root@syndic ~]# tree /srv/salt/base/
/srv/salt/base/
└── init
    ├── basepkg
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── chrony
    │   ├── files
    │   │   └── chrony.conf
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── firewall
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── history
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── kernel
    │   ├── files
    │   │   ├── limits.conf
    │   │   └── sysctl.conf
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── main.sls
    ├── salt-minion
    │   ├── files
    │   │   ├── minion
    │   │   └── multi-minion
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── selinux
    │   ├── files
    │   │   └── config
    │   └── main.sls
    ├── timeout
    │   └── main.sls
    └── yum
        ├── files
        │   ├── centos-7.repo
        │   ├── centos-8.repo
        │   ├── epel-7.repo
        │   ├── epel-8.repo
        │   ├── salt-7.repo
        │   └── salt-8.repo
        └── main.sls

15 directories, 22 files

[root@master ~]# salt '*' test.ping
minion1:
    True
minion2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion1' state.sls init.history.main
minion1:
----------
          ID: /etc/profile
    Function: file.managed
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/profile exists with proper permissions. No changes made.
     Started: 12:50:48.497745
    Duration: 10.238 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for minion
------------
Succeeded: 1
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     1
Total run time:  10.238 ms

标签：进阶,minion,root,syndic,repo,master,SaltStack,salt
来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/Aimmi/p/15623704.html