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SaltStack之return与job管理

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SaltStack之return与job管理

文章目录

SaltStack组件之return

​ return组件可以理解为SaltStack系统对执行Minion返回后的数据进行存储或者返回给其他程序，它支持多种存储方式，比如用MySQL、MongoDB、Redis、Memcache等，通过return我们可以对SaltStack的每次操作进行记录，对以后日志审计提供了数据来源。目前官方已经支持30种return数据存储与接口，我们可以很方便的配置与使用它。当然也支持自己定义的return，自定义的return需由python来编写。在选择和配置好要使用的return后，只需在salt命令后面指定return即可。

# 查看node1上所有return列表
[root@master ~]# salt node1 sys.list_returners
node1:
    - carbon
    - couchdb
    - etcd
    - highstate
    - local
    - local_cache
    - mattermost
    - multi_returner
    - pushover
    - rawfile_json
    - slack
    - slack_webhook
    - smtp
    - splunk
    - sqlite3
    - syslog
    - telegram

return流程

​ return是在Master端触发任务，然后Minion接受处理任务后直接与return存储服务器建立连接，然后把数据return存到存储服务器。关于这点一定要注意，因为此过程都是Minion端操作存储服务器，所以要确保Minion端的配置跟依赖包是正确的，这意味着我们将必须在每个Minion上安装指定的return方式依赖包，假如使用Mysql作为return存储方式，那么我们将在每台Minion上安装python-mysql模块。

使用mysql作为return存储方式

在这里插入图片描述

环境说明：

主机IP服务
master192.168.240.50salt-master
minion(node1)192.168.220.60salt-minion mariadb
mariadb（node2）192.168.220.40mariadb-server mariadb

master上启动服务

[root@master ~]# systemctl start salt-master.service
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop salt-minion.service 
[root@master ~]# ss -antl 
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:4505        0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:4506        0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22             [::]:*

node1上安装python3-PyMySQLbing启动服务

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start salt-minion.service
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install python3-PyMySQL
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status salt-minion.service 
● salt-minion.service - The Salt Minion
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/salt-minion.service; ena>
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-11-06 23:26:10 EDT; 1h 3>
     Docs: man:salt-minion(1)
           file:///usr/share/doc/salt/html/contents.html
           https://docs.saltproject.io/en/latest/contents.html
 Main PID: 967 (salt-minion)
    Tasks: 6 (limit: 11201)
   Memory: 120.1M
   CGroup: /system.slice/salt-minion.service
           ├─ 967 /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/salt-minion
           ├─1430 /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/salt-minion
           └─1438 /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/salt-minion

11月 06 23:26:03 node1 systemd[1]: Starting The Salt Minion...
11月 06 23:26:10 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Salt Minion.

mariadb安装服务并配置

[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-serve
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service 
[root@node2 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN 0      80                 *:3306              *:*            
LISTEN 0      32                 *:21                *:*            
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22             [::]:*            
[root@node2 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> set password = password("lq123!");
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)


MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE  `salt` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8  DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| salt               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use salt;
Database changed
MariaDB [salt]> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jids`;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `jids` (`jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,`load` mediumtext NOT NULL, UNIQUE KEY `jid` (`jid`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.015 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `salt_returns`;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `salt_returns` (
    ->   `fun` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    ->   `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->   `return` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    ->   `id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->    `success` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
    ->    `full_ret` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    ->    `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    ->    KEY `id` (`id`),
    ->    KEY `jid` (`jid`),
    ->    KEY `fun` (`fun`)
    ->  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.020 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `salt_events` (
    ->      `id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    ->      `tag` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->      `data` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    ->      `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    ->      `master_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
    ->      KEY `tag` (`tag`)
    ->      ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)

##授权访问
MariaDB [salt]> grant all on salt.* to salt@'%' identified by 'salt';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [salt]>  flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

master上接收node1的认证

[root@master ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
master
node1
node2
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:

[root@master ~]# salt '*' test.ping
node1:
    True
node2:
    True
master:
    True

node1上安装mariadb

[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb

##使用mariadb主机创建的用户和密码登录
[root@node1 ~]# mysql -usalt -psalt -h192.168.240.40
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

##修改配置文件
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
#return:
#  - mysql
#  - hipchat
#  - slack
mysql.host: '192.168.240.40'
mysql.user: 'salt'
mysql.pass: 'salt'
mysql.db: 'salt'
mysql.port: 3306

######    Miscellaneous  settings     ######

##重启minion
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart salt-minion.service

master上ping 测试连通性

[root@master ~]# salt '*' test.ping
node1:
    True
node2:
    True
master:
    True

mariadb上查看是否有数据

[root@node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -plq123!
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from salt.salt_returns;
Empty set (0.003 sec)

master上测试存储到mariadb中

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' test.ping --return mysql
node1:
    True

mariadb查看

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from salt.salt_returns\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       fun: test.ping
       jid: 20211107055302740262
    return: true
        id: node1
   success: 1
  full_ret: {"success": true, "return": true, "retcode": 0, "jid": "20211107055302740262", "fun": "test.ping", "fun_args": [], "id": "node1"}
alter_time: 2021-11-07 01:53:02
1 row in set (0.002 sec)

job cache

job cache流程

return时是由Minion直接与存储服务器进行交互，因此需要在每台Minion上安装指定的存储方式的模块，比如python-mysql，那么我们能否直接在Master上就把返回的结果给存储到存储服务器呢？

答案是肯定的，这种方式被称作 job cache 。意思是当Minion将结果返回给Master后，由Master将结果给缓存在本地，然后将缓存的结果给存储到指定的存储服务器，比如存储到mysql中。

在这里插入图片描述

master默认的存储位置

[root@master ~]# cd /var/cache/salt/master/jobs/
[root@master jobs]# ls
00  0e  22  2e  3a  47  53  65  70  7e  8d  aa  b3  c5  d1  e9
01  14  23  2f  3b  49  54  66  72  7f  8e  ab  b4  c7  d7  ea
02  16  25  30  3c  4a  56  68  73  80  93  ac  b5  c9  dd  ef
03  17  26  32  3d  4c  57  69  74  84  94  ad  b6  ca  e0  f0
05  18  27  33  3f  4d  58  6a  76  88  98  ae  b7  cc  e1  f2
06  19  29  35  40  50  5c  6b  77  89  99  af  b9  cd  e6  f3
08  1b  2b  36  44  51  5d  6c  78  8a  9b  b0  c1  ce  e7  f7
0d  1f  2d  39  46  52  5f  6e  79  8c  a8  b1  c2  cf  e8  f9

之前改的node1上的配置文件注释掉

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
#  - hipchat
#  - slack
#mysql.host: '192.168.240.40'  
#mysql.user: 'salt'
#mysql.pass: 'salt'
#mysql.db: 'salt'
#mysql.port: 3306

######    Miscellaneous  settings     ######
############################################
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart salt-minion.service

开启master端的master_job_cache

[root@master jobs]# yum -y install python3-PyMySQL

##修改master的配置文件
[root@master jobs]# vim /etc/salt/master
 137 #job_cache: True
 138 mysql.host: '192.168.220.40'
 139 mysql.user: 'salt'
 140 mysql.pass: 'salt'
 141 mysql.db: 'salt'
 142 mysql.port: 3306
 143 # Cache minion grains, pillar and mine data via the cache subsy     stem in the

##重启master
[root@master jobs]# systemctl restart salt-master.service

测试连通性

[root@master jobs]# salt 'node1' test.ping
node1:
    True

master安装mariadb服务

[root@master jobs]# yum -y install mariadb

##登录使用salt用户密码
[root@master jobs]#  mysql -usalt -psalt -h192.168.240.40
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 15
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

删除mariadb上之前的数据

[root@node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -plq123!
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 12
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> delete from salt.salt_returns;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.003 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from salt.salt_returns;
Empty set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

在master上再次测试能否存储至数据库

[root@master jobs]#  salt 'node1' test.ping --return mysql
node1:
    True

在mariadb数据库中查询

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from salt.salt_returns\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       fun: test.ping
       jid: 20211107063529128883
    return: true
        id: node1
   success: 1
  full_ret: {"success": true, "return": true, "retcode": 0, "jid": "20211107063529128883", "fun": "test.ping", "fun_args": [], "id": "node1"}
alter_time: 2021-11-07 01:35:29
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

job 管理

Salt 0.9.7 为管理作业的saltutil引入了一些新功能。这些功能是：

  1. running返回在proc目录中找到的所有运行作业的数据。
  2. find_job根据工作 ID 返回有关某项工作的具体数据。
  3. signal_job允许向给定夹具发送信号。
  4. term_job向控制指定作业的流程发送终止信号（SIGTERM，15）。
  5. kill_job向控制指定作业的流程发送杀伤信号（SIGKILL，9）。

获取任务的jid

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'date' -v
Executing job with jid 20211107063705962754
-------------------------------------------

node1:
    Sun Nov  7 01:37:06 EST 2021
node2:
    Sun Nov  7 01:37:06 EST 2021
master:
    Sun Nov  7 01:37:06 EST 2021

通过jid获取任务的返回结果

[root@master ~]# salt-run jobs.lookup_jid 20211107063705962754
master:
    Sun Nov  7 01:37:06 EST 2021
node1:
    Sun Nov  7 01:37:06 EST 2021
node2:
    Sun Nov  7 01:37:06 EST 2021

列出正在执行的任务,可以通过上面的 kill_job jid 杀死一个正在执行的任务

[root@master ~]# salt-run jobs.active

列出执行过的任务

[root@master ~]# salt-run jobs.list_jobs
20211107033832842417:
    ----------
    Arguments:
    Function:
        test.ping
    StartTime:
        2021, Nov 07 03:38:32.842417
    Target:
        *
    Target-type:
        glob
    User:
        root
20211107034017336895:
    ----------
    Arguments:
    Function:
        sys.list_returners
    StartTime:
        2021, Nov 07 03:40:17.336895
    Target:
        node1
    Target-type:
        glob
    User:
        root

标签：return,root,job,master,node1,SaltStack,MariaDB,salt
来源： https://blog.csdn.net/m0_54024707/article/details/121191467