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MPLS VPN配置实例——RT值的妙用

作者:互联网

今天给大家带来一道MPLS VPN的配置实例,希望能够对大家有所帮助。本文借助华为eNSP模拟器,实现了一道MPLS VPN的配置,并通过合理的设置RT值,控制了VPN实例之间路由的传递,进而实现了比较有趣的效果。
阅读本文,您需要对MPLS VPN的配置有一定的了解,如果您对此还存在困惑,欢迎查阅我博客的其他文章,相信您一定会有所收获。

一、实验拓扑及要求

在这里插入图片描述
实验拓扑如上所示,现在要求配置在R2、R3和R4之间配置MPLS VPN,实现PC1发往PC2的流量经R5前往R2(如图中红线所示),但PC2访问PC1的流量不经过R5直接到达PC1(如图中蓝线所示)。

二、实验配置

分析这道题,很明显是一道典型的MPLS VPN的配置,至于实验要求中的有趣的数据包转发路径,我们应该考虑合理的给VPN实例配置RT值,使其产生完全相反的路由传递路径,从而实现数据包按要求转发。

(一)BGP配置

在本实验中,BGP的配置要注意以下两点:
1、在R2、R3、R4的BGP配置中注意路由引入
2、在R1注意去掉防环和路由反射器的引入

(二)MPLS配置

MPLS配置比较简单,在这里只需要在全局上配置MPLS LSR-ID,并使能MPLS功能,在每个接口上使能MPLS功能即可。

(三)VPN实例配置

为了实现图中的要求,需要对VPN实例中的RT值进行合理的配置。在这里我们在R2连接R5的两个接口上分别创建两个VPN实例,分别命名为VPN_IN和VPN_OUT,并设置VPN_IN的RT值为100:200 import,VPN_OUT的RT值为100:100 export。在R3、R4与PC相连的接口上分别创建VPN_A和VPN_B。VPN_A的RT值与VPN_IN和VPN_OUT的RT值配置刚好相反,为100:200 export和100:100 import,使得VPN_IN接收VPN_A发送的路由,并发送给VPN_A其自身的路由。而VPN_B的RT值配置为100:100 export和100:100 import,使得VPN_B直接接受VPN_A的路由,并将自身的路由发送给VPN_IN。这样一来,就可以实现PC1和PC2的通信数据包按照题目要求转发了。

三、实验现象

(一)PC1 PING PC2

在这里插入图片描述

(二)PC2 PING PC1

在这里插入图片描述

(三)查看BGP状态

在这里插入图片描述

(四)查看MPLS状态

在这里插入图片描述

四、附录——路由器相关配置命令

R1:

mpls lsr-id 21.1.1.1
mpls
#
mpls ldp
#
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
ospfv3 1
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 150.1.13.1 255.255.255.0 
 mpls
 mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 150.1.12.1 255.255.255.0 
 mpls
 mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 150.1.14.1 255.255.255.0 
 mpls
 mpls ldp
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 21.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 
#
bgp 100
 peer 21.1.1.2 as-number 100 
 peer 21.1.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
 peer 21.1.1.3 as-number 100 
 peer 21.1.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
 peer 21.1.1.4 as-number 100 
 peer 21.1.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  peer 21.1.1.2 enable
  peer 21.1.1.2 reflect-client
  peer 21.1.1.3 enable
  peer 21.1.1.3 reflect-client
  peer 21.1.1.4 enable
  peer 21.1.1.4 reflect-client
 # 
 ipv4-family vpnv4
  undo policy vpn-target
  peer 21.1.1.2 enable
  peer 21.1.1.2 reflect-client
  peer 21.1.1.3 enable
  peer 21.1.1.3 reflect-client
  peer 21.1.1.4 enable
  peer 21.1.1.4 reflect-client
#
ospf 1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 21.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 150.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 150.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 150.1.14.0 0.0.0.255

R2:

ip vpn-instance VPN_IN
 ipv4-family
  route-distinguisher 100:52
  vpn-target 100:200 import-extcommunity
#
ip vpn-instance VPN_OUT
 ipv4-family
  route-distinguisher 100:25
  vpn-target 100:100 export-extcommunity
#
mpls lsr-id 21.1.1.2
mpls
#
mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 150.1.12.2 255.255.255.0 
 mpls
 mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip binding vpn-instance VPN_OUT
 ip address 192.168.25.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip binding vpn-instance VPN_IN
 ip address 192.168.52.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 21.1.1.2 255.255.255.255 
#
bgp 100
 peer 21.1.1.1 as-number 100 
 peer 21.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  peer 21.1.1.1 enable
 # 
 ipv4-family vpnv4
  policy vpn-target
  peer 21.1.1.1 enable
 #
 ipv4-family vpn-instance VPN_OUT 
  import-route ospf 3
#
ospf 1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 21.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 150.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 
#
ospf 2 vpn-instance VPN_IN
 import-route bgp
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.52.0 0.0.0.255 
#
ospf 3 vpn-instance VPN_OUT
 vpn-instance-capability simple
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.25.0 0.0.0.255 

R3:

ip vpn-instance VPN_A
 ipv4-family
  route-distinguisher 100:1
  vpn-target 100:200 export-extcommunity
  vpn-target 100:100 import-extcommunity
#
mpls lsr-id 21.1.1.3
mpls
#
mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip binding vpn-instance VPN_A
 ip address 192.168.3.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 150.1.13.3 255.255.255.0 
 mpls
 mpls ldp
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 21.1.1.3 255.255.255.255 
#
bgp 100
 peer 21.1.1.1 as-number 100 
 peer 21.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  peer 21.1.1.1 enable
 # 
 ipv4-family vpnv4
  policy vpn-target
  peer 21.1.1.1 enable
 #
 ipv4-family vpn-instance VPN_A 
  network 192.168.3.0 
#
ospf 1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 21.1.1.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 150.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 

R4:

ip vpn-instance VPN_B
 ipv4-family
  route-distinguisher 100:2
  vpn-target 100:200 export-extcommunity
  vpn-target 100:200 import-extcommunity
#
mpls lsr-id 21.1.1.4
mpls
#
mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 150.1.14.4 255.255.255.0 
 mpls
 mpls ldp
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip binding vpn-instance VPN_B
 ip address 192.168.4.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 21.1.1.4 255.255.255.255 
#
bgp 100
 peer 21.1.1.1 as-number 100 
 peer 21.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  peer 21.1.1.1 enable
 # 
 ipv4-family vpnv4
  policy vpn-target
  peer 21.1.1.1 enable
 #
 ipv4-family vpn-instance VPN_B 
  network 192.168.4.0 
#
ospf 1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 21.1.1.4 0.0.0.0 
  network 150.1.14.0 0.0.0.255 

R5:

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.25.5 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.52.5 255.255.255.0 
#
ospf 1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.25.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 192.168.52.0 0.0.0.255 

原创不易,转载请说明出处:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40228200/article/details/119154993

标签:RT,vpn,21.1,0.0,MPLS,ip,100,VPN
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40228200/article/details/119154993