cv2处理图片的模板
作者：互联网
from PIL import Image
from pytesseract import *
from fnmatch import fnmatch
from queue import Queue
import cv2
import time
import os
def clear_border(img,img_name):
'''去除边框
'''
filename = './out_img/' + img_name.split('.')[0] + '-clearBorder.jpg'
h, w = img.shape[:2]
for y in range(0, w):
for x in range(0, h):
# if y ==0 or y == w -1 or y == w - 2:
if y < 4 or y > w -4:
img[x, y] = 255
# if x == 0 or x == h - 1 or x == h - 2:
if x < 4 or x > h - 4:
img[x, y] = 255
cv2.imwrite(filename,img)
return img
def interference_line(img, img_name):
'''
干扰线降噪
'''
filename = './out_img/' + img_name.split('.')[0] + '-interferenceline.jpg'
h, w = img.shape[:2]
# ！！！opencv矩阵点是反的
# img[1,2] 1:图片的高度，2：图片的宽度
for y in range(1, w - 1):
for x in range(1, h - 1):
count = 0
if img[x, y - 1] > 245:
count = count + 1
if img[x, y + 1] > 245:
count = count + 1
if img[x - 1, y] > 245:
count = count + 1
if img[x + 1, y] > 245:
count = count + 1
if count > 3:
img[x, y] = 255
cv2.imwrite(filename,img)
return img
def interference_point(img,img_name, x = 0, y = 0):
"""点降噪
9邻域框,以当前点为中心的田字框,黑点个数
:param x:
:param y:
:return:
"""
filename = './out_img/' + img_name.split('.')[0] + '-interferencePoint.jpg'
# todo 判断图片的长宽度下限
cur_pixel = img[x,y]# 当前像素点的值
height,width = img.shape[:2]
for y in range(0, width - 1):
for x in range(0, height - 1):
if y == 0: # 第一行
if x == 0: # 左上顶点,4邻域
# 中心点旁边3个点
sum = int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y + 1])
if sum <= 2 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
elif x == height - 1: # 右上顶点
sum = int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y + 1])
if sum <= 2 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
else: # 最上非顶点,6邻域
sum = int(img[x - 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y + 1]) \
+ int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y + 1])
if sum <= 3 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
elif y == width - 1: # 最下面一行
if x == 0: # 左下顶点
# 中心点旁边3个点
sum = int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x, y - 1])
if sum <= 2 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
elif x == height - 1: # 右下顶点
sum = int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y - 1])
if sum <= 2 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
else: # 最下非顶点,6邻域
sum = int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y - 1])
if sum <= 3 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
else: # y不在边界
if x == 0: # 左边非顶点
sum = int(img[x, y - 1]) \
+ int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y + 1])
if sum <= 3 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
elif x == height - 1: # 右边非顶点
sum = int(img[x, y - 1]) \
+ int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y + 1])
if sum <= 3 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
else: # 具备9领域条件的
sum = int(img[x - 1, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x - 1, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x, y - 1]) \
+ int(cur_pixel) \
+ int(img[x, y + 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y - 1]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y]) \
+ int(img[x + 1, y + 1])
if sum <= 4 * 245:
img[x, y] = 0
cv2.imwrite(filename,img)
return img
def _get_dynamic_binary_image(filedir, img_name):
'''
自适应阀值二值化
'''
filename = './out_img/' + img_name.split('.')[0] + '-binary.jpg'
img_name = filedir + '/' + img_name
print('.....' + img_name)
im = cv2.imread(img_name)
im = cv2.cvtColor(im,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
th1 = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(im, 255, cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, cv2.THRESH_BINARY, 21, 1)
cv2.imwrite(filename,th1)
return th1
def _get_static_binary_image(img, threshold = 140):
'''
手动二值化
'''
img = Image.open(img)
img = img.convert('L')
pixdata = img.load()
w, h = img.size
for y in range(h):
for x in range(w):
if pixdata[x, y] < threshold:
pixdata[x, y] = 0
else:
pixdata[x, y] = 255
return img
def cfs(im,x_fd,y_fd):
'''用队列和集合记录遍历过的像素坐标代替单纯递归以解决cfs访问过深问题
'''
# print('**********')
xaxis=[]
yaxis=[]
visited =set()
q = Queue()
q.put((x_fd, y_fd))
visited.add((x_fd, y_fd))
offsets=[(1, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1)]#四邻域
while not q.empty():
x,y=q.get()
for xoffset,yoffset in offsets:
x_neighbor,y_neighbor = x+xoffset,y+yoffset
if (x_neighbor,y_neighbor) in (visited):
continue # 已经访问过了
visited.add((x_neighbor, y_neighbor))
try:
if im[x_neighbor, y_neighbor] == 0:
xaxis.append(x_neighbor)
yaxis.append(y_neighbor)
q.put((x_neighbor,y_neighbor))
except IndexError:
pass
# print(xaxis)
if (len(xaxis) == 0 | len(yaxis) == 0):
xmax = x_fd + 1
xmin = x_fd
ymax = y_fd + 1
ymin = y_fd
else:
xmax = max(xaxis)
xmin = min(xaxis)
ymax = max(yaxis)
ymin = min(yaxis)
#ymin,ymax=sort(yaxis)
return ymax,ymin,xmax,xmin
def detectFgPix(im,xmax):
'''搜索区块起点
'''
h,w = im.shape[:2]
for y_fd in range(xmax+1,w):
for x_fd in range(h):
if im[x_fd,y_fd] == 0:
return x_fd,y_fd
def CFS(im):
'''切割字符位置
'''
zoneL=[]#各区块长度L列表
zoneWB=[]#各区块的X轴[起始，终点]列表
zoneHB=[]#各区块的Y轴[起始，终点]列表
xmax=0#上一区块结束黑点横坐标,这里是初始化
for i in range(10):
try:
x_fd,y_fd = detectFgPix(im,xmax)
# print(y_fd,x_fd)
xmax,xmin,ymax,ymin=cfs(im,x_fd,y_fd)
L = xmax - xmin
H = ymax - ymin
zoneL.append(L)
zoneWB.append([xmin,xmax])
zoneHB.append([ymin,ymax])
except TypeError:
return zoneL,zoneWB,zoneHB
return zoneL,zoneWB,zoneHB
def cutting_img(im,im_position,img,xoffset = 1,yoffset = 1):
filename = './out_img/' + img.split('.')[0]
# 识别出的字符个数
im_number = len(im_position[1])
# 切割字符
for i in range(im_number):
im_start_X = im_position[1][i][0] - xoffset
im_end_X = im_position[1][i][1] + xoffset
im_start_Y = im_position[2][i][0] - yoffset
im_end_Y = im_position[2][i][1] + yoffset
cropped = im[im_start_Y:im_end_Y, im_start_X:im_end_X]
cv2.imwrite(filename + '-cutting-' + str(i) + '.jpg',cropped)
def main():
filedir = './easy_img'
for file in os.listdir(filedir):
if fnmatch(file, '*.png'):
img_name = file
# 自适应阈值二值化
im = _get_dynamic_binary_image(filedir, img_name)
# 去除边框
im = clear_border(im,img_name)
# 对图片进行干扰线降噪
im = interference_line(im,img_name)
# 对图片进行点降噪
im = interference_point(im,img_name)
# 切割的位置
im_position = CFS(im)
maxL = max(im_position[0])
minL = min(im_position[0])
# 如果有粘连字符，如果一个字符的长度过长就认为是粘连字符，并从中间进行切割
if(maxL > minL + minL * 0.7):
maxL_index = im_position[0].index(maxL)
minL_index = im_position[0].index(minL)
# 设置字符的宽度
im_position[0][maxL_index] = maxL // 2
im_position[0].insert(maxL_index + 1, maxL // 2)
# 设置字符X轴[起始，终点]位置
im_position[1][maxL_index][1] = im_position[1][maxL_index][0] + maxL // 2
im_position[1].insert(maxL_index + 1, [im_position[1][maxL_index][1] + 1, im_position[1][maxL_index][1] + 1 + maxL // 2])
# 设置字符的Y轴[起始，终点]位置
im_position[2].insert(maxL_index + 1, im_position[2][maxL_index])
# 切割字符，要想切得好就得配置参数，通常 1 or 2 就可以
cutting_img(im,im_position,img_name,1,1)
# 识别验证码
cutting_img_num = 0
for file in os.listdir('./out_img'):
try:
print(file)
a= Image.open(f'./out_img/{file}')
text = image_to_string(a)
print('识别内容',text)
print('-'*300)
except:
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
标签：count,index,img,cv2,im,maxL,position,模板,图片 来源： https://blog.51cto.com/pythonywy/2862979