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HDFS文件Shell操作命令

作者：互联网

基本格式：

查看可用命令：hdfs dfs

[root@hadoop60 ~]# hdfs dfs
Usage: hadoop fs [generic options]
        [-appendToFile <localsrc> ... <dst>]  	#追加文件
        [-cat [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]		 	#查看文件内容
        [-checksum <src> ...]								
        [-chgrp [-R] GROUP PATH...]
        [-chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> PATH...]	#授权
        [-chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] PATH...]				#修改所有者
        [-copyFromLocal [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst>] #本地拷贝文件到hdfs
        [-copyToLocal [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>] #hdfs拷贝到本地
        [-count [-q] [-h] [-v] [-x] <path> ...]
        [-cp [-f] [-p | -p[topax]] <src> ... <dst>]
        [-createSnapshot <snapshotDir> [<snapshotName>]]
        [-deleteSnapshot <snapshotDir> <snapshotName>]
        [-df [-h] [<path> ...]]
        [-du [-s] [-h] [-x] <path> ...]		#统计目录下文件大小
        [-expunge]
        [-find <path> ... <expression> ...]
        [-get [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]	#下载文件到本地
        [-getfacl [-R] <path>]
        [-getfattr [-R] {-n name | -d} [-e en] <path>]
        [-getmerge [-nl] <src> <localdst>]
        [-help [cmd ...]]
        [-ls [-C] [-d] [-h] [-q] [-R] [-t] [-S] [-r] [-u] [<path> ...]]
        [-mkdir [-p] <path> ...]							#创建目录
        [-moveFromLocal <localsrc> ... <dst>]				#从本地移动到HDFS
        [-moveToLocal <src> <localdst>]
        [-mv <src> ... <dst>]
        [-put [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst>]			#上传本地文件到HDFS
        [-renameSnapshot <snapshotDir> <oldName> <newName>]
        [-rm [-f] [-r|-R] [-skipTrash] <src> ...]
        [-rmdir [--ignore-fail-on-non-empty] <dir> ...]		
        [-setfacl [-R] [{-b|-k} {-m|-x <acl_spec>} <path>]|[--set <acl_spec> <path>]]
        [-setfattr {-n name [-v value] | -x name} <path>]
        [-setrep [-R] [-w] <rep> <path> ...]          		#修改已有文件副本数
        [-stat [format] <path> ...]
        [-tail [-f] <file>]
        [-test -[defsz] <path>]
        [-text [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
        [-touchz <path> ...]
        [-usage [cmd ...]]

Generic options supported are
-conf <configuration file>     specify an application configuration file
-D <property=value>            use value for given property
-fs <local|namenode:port>      specify a namenode
-jt <local|resourcemanager:port>    specify a ResourceManager
-files <comma separated list of files>    specify comma separated files to be copied to the map reduce cluster
-libjars <comma separated list of jars>    specify comma separated jar files to include in the classpath.
-archives <comma separated list of archives>    specify comma separated archives to be unarchived on the compute machines.

The general command line syntax is
bin/hadoop command [genericOptions] [commandOptions]


#查看du命令的具体使用
[root@hadoop60 ~]# hdfs dfs -help du
-du [-s] [-h] [-x] <path> ... :
  Show the amount of space, in bytes, used by the files that match the specified
  file pattern. The following flags are optional:

  -s  Rather than showing the size of each individual file that matches the
      pattern, shows the total (summary) size.
  -h  Formats the sizes of files in a human-readable fashion rather than a number
      of bytes.
  -x  Excludes snapshots from being counted.

  Note that, even without the -s option, this only shows size summaries one level
  deep into a directory.

  The output is in the form
        size    disk space consumed     name(full path)
#查看mkdir命令的具体使用
[root@hadoop60 ~]# hdfs dfs -help copyFromLocal
-copyFromLocal [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst> :
  Identical to the -put command.
[root@hadoop60 ~]# hdfs dfs -help mkdir
-mkdir [-p] <path> ... :
  Create a directory in specified location.

  -p  Do not fail if the directory already exists



#启动 Hadoop 集群（方便后续的测试）
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
[hadoop@hadoop103 hadoop]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh
#-help：输出这个命令参数
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -help rm
#-ls: 显示目录信息
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -ls /
#-mkdir：在 hdfs 上创建目录,-p 创建多级目录
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /kgc/test
#-moveFromLocal 从本地剪切粘贴到 hdfs
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ touch hello.txt
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -moveFromLocal ./hello.txt /kgc/test
#--appendToFile ：追加一个文件到已经存在的文件末尾
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ touch test1.txt
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ vi test1.txt
#输入：
hadoop spark
flink spark
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -appendToFile test1.txt /kgc/test/hello.txt
# -cat ：显示文件内容
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -cat /kgc/test/hello.txt
# -tail：显示一个文件的末尾
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -tail /kgc/test/hello.txt
# -chgrp 、-chmod、-chown：linux 文件系统中的用法一样，修改文件所属权限
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -chmod 666 /kgc/test/hello.txt
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -chown kgc:kgc /kgc/test/hello.txt
#-copyFromLocal：从本地文件系统中拷贝文件到 hdfs 路径去
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -copyFromLocal README.txt /
# -copyToLocal：从 hdfs 拷贝到本地
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -copyToLocal 
/kgc/test/hello.txt ./
# -cp ：从 hdfs 的一个路径拷贝到 hdfs 的另一个路径
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -cp /kgc/test/hello.txt 
/hello1.txt
# -mv：在 hdfs 目录中移动文件
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -mv /hello1.txt /kgc/test/
# -get：等同于 copyToLocal，就是从 hdfs 下载文件到本地
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -get /kgc/test/hello.txt ./
# -getmerge ：合并下载多个文件，比如 hdfs 的目录/user/kgc/test/下有多个文件:log.1, log.2,log.3,...,需要预先创建出目录，并存多个文件。
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -getmerge 
/user/kgc/test/* ./merge.txt
# -put：等同于 copyFromLocal
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -put ./merge.txt /user/kgc/test/
# -rm：删除文件或文件夹
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -rm /user/kgc/test/merge.txt
#rmr递归删除目录下所有子目录和文件,生产环境中慎用
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -rmr /hdfs   
# -rmdir：删除空目录
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -mkdir /test
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -rmdir /test
# -du 统计文件夹的大小信息
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -du -s -h /user/kgc/test
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -du -h /user/kgc/test
# -setrep：修改hdfs 中文件的副本数量
[root@hadoop101 hadoop]$ hdfs dfs -setrep 10 /kgc/test/hello.txt

标签：HDFS,Shell,操作命令,...,hdfs,hadoop,dfs,hadoop101,root
来源： https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48185778/article/details/110444031