本文介绍使用Grafana和Telegraf监视VMware ESXi的方法，设置非常简单，使用Telegraf的官方vSphere插件从vCenter中提取指标，这包括在vSphere虚拟机管理程序上运行的vSphere主机计算（RAM和CPU），网络，数据存储和虚拟机的度量标准。

一、安装InfluxDB和Grafana参考文章

所有收集的指标都存储在InfluxDB数据库中，Grafana将连接到InfluxDB，以在其仪表板上查询和显示指标。参考以下文章：

在Ubuntu 18.04/Debian 9系统上安装InfluxDB的方法。

在RHEL 8/CentOS 8上安装InfluxDB的方法。

在Ubuntu 18.04系统中安装Grafana 6的方法。

在CentOS 7系统中安装Grafana 6的方法。

一旦安装了InfluxDB和Grafana，继续安装和配置Telegraf。

二、安装和配置Telegraf

如果你使用步骤一中的链接来安装InfluxDB，则会添加Telegraf安装所需的存储库，只需使用以下命令安装Telegraf即可。

CentOS系统运行：

sudo yum -y install telegraf

Ubuntu系统运行：

sudo apt-get -y install telegraf

安装后，我们需要配置Telegraf以从vCenter中提取监控指标，编辑Telegraf主配置文件：

sudo vim /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf

1、添加InfluxDB输出存储后端，以存储指标：

# Configuration for sending metrics to InfluxDB

[[outputs.influxdb]]

urls = ["http://10.10.1.20:8086"]

database = "vmware"

timeout = "0s"

username = "monitoring"

password = "DBPassword"

将10.10.1.20替换为InfluxDB服务器IP地址，如果你没有在InfluxDB上启用身份验证，则可以安全地删除配置中的用户名和密码行。

2、为Telegraf配置vsphere输入插件，完整配置应该类似以下内容：

# Read metrics from VMware vCenter

[[inputs.vsphere]]

## List of vCenter URLs to be monitored. These three lines must be uncommented

## and edited for the plugin to work.

vcenters = [ "https://10.10.1.2/sdk" ]

username = "administrator@vsphere.local"

password = "AdminPassword"

#

## VMs

## Typical VM metrics (if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected)

vm_metric_include = [

"cpu.demand.average",

"cpu.idle.summation",

"cpu.latency.average",

"cpu.readiness.average",

"cpu.ready.summation",

"cpu.run.summation",

"cpu.usagemhz.average",

"cpu.used.summation",

"cpu.wait.summation",

"mem.active.average",

"mem.granted.average",

"mem.latency.average",

"mem.swapin.average",

"mem.swapinRate.average",

"mem.swapout.average",

"mem.swapoutRate.average",

"mem.usage.average",

"mem.vmmemctl.average",

"net.bytesRx.average",

"net.bytesTx.average",

"net.droppedRx.summation",

"net.droppedTx.summation",

"net.usage.average",

"power.power.average",

"virtualDisk.numberReadAveraged.average",

"virtualDisk.numberWriteAveraged.average",

"virtualDisk.read.average",

"virtualDisk.readOIO.latest",

"virtualDisk.throughput.usage.average",

"virtualDisk.totalReadLatency.average",

"virtualDisk.totalWriteLatency.average",

"virtualDisk.write.average",

"virtualDisk.writeOIO.latest",

"sys.uptime.latest",

]

# vm_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing is excluded by default

# vm_instances = true ## true by default

#

## Hosts

## Typical host metrics (if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected)

host_metric_include = [

"cpu.coreUtilization.average",

"cpu.costop.summation",

"cpu.demand.average",

"cpu.idle.summation",

"cpu.latency.average",

"cpu.readiness.average",

"cpu.ready.summation",

"cpu.swapwait.summation",

"cpu.usage.average",

"cpu.usagemhz.average",

"cpu.used.summation",

"cpu.utilization.average",

"cpu.wait.summation",

"disk.deviceReadLatency.average",

"disk.deviceWriteLatency.average",

"disk.kernelReadLatency.average",

"disk.kernelWriteLatency.average",

"disk.numberReadAveraged.average",

"disk.numberWriteAveraged.average",

"disk.read.average",

"disk.totalReadLatency.average",

"disk.totalWriteLatency.average",

"disk.write.average",

"mem.active.average",

"mem.latency.average",

"mem.state.latest",

"mem.swapin.average",

"mem.swapinRate.average",

"mem.swapout.average",

"mem.swapoutRate.average",

"mem.totalCapacity.average",

"mem.usage.average",

"mem.vmmemctl.average",

"net.bytesRx.average",

"net.bytesTx.average",

"net.droppedRx.summation",

"net.droppedTx.summation",

"net.errorsRx.summation",

"net.errorsTx.summation",

"net.usage.average",

"power.power.average",

"storageAdapter.numberReadAveraged.average",

"storageAdapter.numberWriteAveraged.average",

"storageAdapter.read.average",

"storageAdapter.write.average",

"sys.uptime.latest",

]

# host_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing excluded by default

# host_instances = true ## true by default

#

## Clusters

cluster_metric_include = [] ## if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected

# cluster_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing excluded by default

# cluster_instances = false ## false by default

#

## Datastores

datastore_metric_include = [] ## if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected

# datastore_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing excluded by default

# datastore_instances = false ## false by default for Datastores only

#

## Datacenters

datacenter_metric_include = [] ## if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected

datacenter_metric_exclude = [ "*" ] ## Datacenters are not collected by default.

# datacenter_instances = false ## false by default for Datastores only

#

## Plugin Settings

## separator character to use for measurement and field names (default: "_")

# separator = "_"

#

## number of objects to retreive per query for realtime resources (vms and hosts)

## set to 64 for vCenter 5.5 and 6.0 (default: 256)

# max_query_objects = 256

#

## number of metrics to retreive per query for non-realtime resources (clusters and datastores)

## set to 64 for vCenter 5.5 and 6.0 (default: 256)

# max_query_metrics = 256

#

## number of go routines to use for collection and discovery of objects and metrics

# collect_concurrency = 1

# discover_concurrency = 1

#

## whether or not to force discovery of new objects on initial gather call before collecting metrics

## when true for large environments this may cause errors for time elapsed while collecting metrics

## when false (default) the first collection cycle may result in no or limited metrics while objects are discovered

# force_discover_on_init = false

#

## the interval before (re)discovering objects subject to metrics collection (default: 300s)

# object_discovery_interval = "300s"

#

## timeout applies to any of the api request made to vcenter

# timeout = "60s"

#

## Optional SSL Config

# ssl_ca = "/path/to/cafile"

# ssl_cert = "/path/to/certfile"

# ssl_key = "/path/to/keyfile"

## Use SSL but skip chain & host verification

insecure_skip_verify = true

要改变的变量是：

1]、10.10.1.2应替换为vCenter IP地址。

2]、administrator@vsphere.local应与你的vCenter用户帐户匹配。

3]、带有密码的AdminPassword用于进行身份验证。

如果vCenter Server具有自签名证书，请确保将insecure_skip_verify标志设置为true：

insecure_skip_verify = true

进行更改后启动并启用Telegraf服务：

sudo systemctl restart telegraf

sudo systemctl enable telegraf

三、检查InfluxDB指标

我们需要确认我们的指标被推送到InfluxDB并且可以看到它们。

1、打开InfluxDB shell

使用身份验证：

$ influx -username 'username' -password 'StrongPassword'

Connected to http://localhost:8086 version 1.6.4

InfluxDB shell version: 1.6.4

1]、 'username' - InfluxDB身份验证用户名。

2]、'StrongPassword' - InfluxDB密码。

没有认证：

$ influx

Connected to http://localhost:8086 version 1.6.4

InfluxDB shell version: 1.6.4

切换到我们在telegraf上配置的vmware数据库：

> USE vmware

Using database vmware

检查时间序列指标是否inflow：

> SHOW MEASUREMENTS

name: measurements

name

----

cpu

disk

diskio

kernel

mem

processes

swap

system

vsphere_cluster_clusterServices

vsphere_cluster_mem

vsphere_cluster_vmop

vsphere_datacenter_vmop

vsphere_datastore_datastore

vsphere_datastore_disk

vsphere_host_cpu

vsphere_host_disk

vsphere_host_mem

vsphere_host_net

vsphere_host_power

vsphere_host_storageAdapter

vsphere_host_sys

vsphere_vm_cpu

vsphere_vm_mem

vsphere_vm_net

vsphere_vm_power

vsphere_vm_sys

vsphere_vm_virtualDisk

>

四、将InfluxDB数据源添加到Grafana

登录Grafana并添加InfluxDB数据源，指定服务器IP、数据库名称和身份验证帐户：

给它命名，选择类型，指定服务器IP：

提供数据库名称和身份验证帐户：

保存并测试设置：

五、导入Grafana仪表板

我们已将所有依赖项和测试配置好，最后一项操作是创建或导入将显示vSphere指标的Grafana仪表板。

登录你的Grafana并导航到Dashboard导入部分，使用仪表板ID导入，链接如下：

https://grafana.com/dashboards/8159

https://grafana.com/dashboards/8162

https://grafana.com/dashboards/8165

https://grafana.com/dashboards/8168

操作截图如下：

成功导入后，应该能看到仪表板上显示的数据了，如下图所示：

看到如上图，表明导入Grafana全部成功了。

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