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Linux抓包工具--Tcpdump

2021-09-28 19:31:28 作者：互联网

Linux抓包工具–Tcpdump

描述

Tcpdump – dump traffic on a network；
tcpdump是类Unix系统下用于网络分析的问题排查的工具；
tcpdump支持针对网络层、协议、主机、网络或端口的过滤，并提供and、or、not等逻辑语句进行详细匹配；

命令解释

命令格式

tcpdump [ -AbdDefhHIJKlLnNOpqStuUvxX# ] [ -B buffer_size ]
			  [ -c count ]
			  [ -C file_size ] [ -G rotate_seconds ] [ -F file ]
			  [ -i interface ] [ -j tstamp_type ] [ -m module ] [ -M secret ]
			  [ --number ] [ -Q|-P in|out|inout ]
			  [ -r file ] [ -V file ] [ -s snaplen ] [ -T type ] [ -w file ]
			  [ -W filecount ]
			  [ -E spi@ipaddr algo:secret,...  ]
			  [ -y datalinktype ] [ -z postrotate-command ] [ -Z user ]
			  [ --time-stamp-precision=tstamp_precision ]
			  [ --immediate-mode ] [ --version ]
			  [ expression ]

简易理解命令格式
tcpdump [option] [proto] [dir] [type]
- option 指 -csivw 等可选参数
- proto 指 tcp/udp/icmp/arp/ip/ip6 等网络协议过滤规则
- dir 指 src/dst 报文方向过滤规则
- type 指 host/net/port/portrange 等报文详细信息过滤规则
报文输出结构
16:12:59.147595 IP 172.16.36.216.8190 > 120.2.2.100.35688: Flags [P.], seq 306:324, ack 239, win 1143, options [nop,nop,TS val 114256936 ecr 4089685146], length 18
- 第一列：报文抓取时间信息（16:12:59.147595）
- 第二列：报文网络协议（IP）
- 第三列：报文源ip和端口号（172.16.36.216.8190）
- 第四列：数据流向（>）
- 第五列：报文目的ip和端口号（120.2.2.100.35688）
- 第六列：报文详细内容

使用方式

tcpdump常用选项

选项	描述
-D	列出可监听的接口
-i	指定监听接口，默认监听第一个网络接口
-P/Q	设置抓取的包是进(in)还是出(out)，默认抓取双向(inout)
-s	设置截取数据包文的长度，默认截取96字节，0表示报文全部内容
-c	设置抓取的报文数，达到数量后自动退出
-q	简洁打印
-n	打印报文信息中ip地址显示为数字，即不将ip转为域名
-nn	打印报文信息中ip地址和端口号均显示为数字，否则显示为主机名和端口服务名
-e	打印报文信息中显示源、目的mac
-XX	打印报文信息同时输出16进制和ASCII的头部信息
-vv	更加详细的打印报文信息
-w	将抓取的报文写入到文件
-r	从文件中读取报文并显示
-C	限制写入文件的大小，单位1000000byte，达到限制后生成新文件
-G	限制写入文件的时间，单位s(秒)，达到限制后生成新文件

选项示例

指定监听接口

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
16:28:31.595244 IP 120.0.11.222.snmp > centos-36_2.44722:  GetResponse(196)  interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifAdminStatus.1=1 
16:28:31.602364 IP centos-36_2.ssh > 172.16.36.25.evb-elm: Flags [P.], seq 447760258:447760498, ack 2828329192, win 160, length 240
16:28:31.602617 IP 172.16.36.25.evb-elm > centos-36_2.ssh: Flags [.], ack 240, win 8209, length 0
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时不做主机名解析

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
16:33:53.219281 IP 172.16.36.2.ssh > 172.16.36.25.evb-elm: Flags [P.], seq 448755026:448755266, ack 2828334664, win 160, length 240
16:33:53.219503 IP 172.16.36.2.ssh > 172.16.36.25.evb-elm: Flags [P.], seq 240:464, ack 1, win 160, length 224
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时不做主机名和端口服务名解析

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 3
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
16:37:20.941472 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 449317922:449318162, ack 2828340520, win 160, length 240
16:37:20.941693 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 240, win 8208, length 0
16:37:20.941763 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 240:464, ack 1, win 160, length 224
3 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时仅捕获入方向报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c3 -P in 
Warning: -P switch is not compatible with the upstream version. You should use -Q instead.
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
16:43:55.240671 IP 120.0.11.136.161 > 172.16.36.2.44722:  GetResponse(51)  .1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.6.1.0=1461109654 .1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.6.1.0=1461109654
16:43:55.241257 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 449356178, win 8209, length 0
16:43:55.281595 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 193, win 8208, length 0
3 packets captured
8 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时截取报文部分信息

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c3 -s 40
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 40 bytes
17:05:45.292772 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: [|tcp]
17:05:45.292970 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: [|tcp]
17:05:45.293025 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: [|tcp]
3 packets captured
5 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时简洁打印报文信息

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c3 -q
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
17:03:37.927450 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: tcp 240
17:03:37.927631 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: tcp 0
17:03:37.927697 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: tcp 160
3 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时打印报文mac信息

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em3 -nn -c2 -e
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
17:34:52.798600 04:f9:38:d8:1c:30 > 01:80:c2:00:00:00, 802.3, length 105: LLC, dsap STP (0x42) Individual, ssap STP (0x42) Command, ctrl 0x03: STP 802.1s, Rapid STP, CIST Flags [Learn, Forward, Agreement], length 102
17:34:53.156985 14:18:77:33:97:d6 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 70: 192.166.160.22.62553 > 255.255.255.255.1092: UDP, length 28
2 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时打印报文16进制和ASCII的头部信息

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em3 -nn -c2 -XX
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
17:36:29.365933 ARP, Request who-has 192.166.160.2 tell 192.166.160.12, length 46
        0x0000:  ffff ffff ffff 80f6 2e11 3b13 0806 0001  ..........;.....
        0x0010:  0800 0604 0001 80f6 2e11 3b13 c0a6 a00c  ..........;.....
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 c0a6 a002 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0030:  0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000            ............
17:36:29.823062 ARP, Request who-has 192.166.160.2 tell 192.166.160.22, length 46
        0x0000:  ffff ffff ffff 1418 7733 97d6 0806 0001  ........w3......
        0x0010:  0800 0604 0001 1418 7733 97d6 c0a6 a016  ........w3......
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 c0a6 a002 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0030:  0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000            ............
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时打印报文详细信息

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em3 -nn -c2 -vv
tcpdump: listening on em3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
17:37:05.966828 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 32746, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 78)
    192.166.160.68.137 > 192.166.160.255.137: [udp sum ok] 
>>> NBT UDP PACKET(137): QUERY; REQUEST; BROADCAST
TrnID=0xD1EC
OpCode=0
NmFlags=0x11
Rcode=0
QueryCount=1
AnswerCount=0
AuthorityCount=0
AddressRecCount=0
QuestionRecords:
Name=TSS.UPDRV.COM   NameType=0x00 (Workstation)
QuestionType=0x20
QuestionClass=0x1
1 packets captured
1 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口时将抓取的报文写入文件

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em3 -nn -c2  -w mypacket.pcap
tcpdump: listening on em3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# ll mypacket.pcap 
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 208 8月   9 17:39 mypacket.pcap
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

读取文件中的报文信息

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -r mypacket.pcap
reading from file mypacket.pcap, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet)
17:39:10.643065 IP 192.166.160.22.137 > 192.166.160.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): QUERY; REQUEST; BROADCAST
17:39:10.911644 ARP, Request who-has 192.166.160.26 tell 192.166.160.29, length 46
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

监听接口将报文写入文件，达到2min或文件大小超过1M时生成新文件

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -w /tmp/capture-%H%M.pcap -G 120 -C 1&      
[1] 86939
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump: listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# ll -h | grep capture
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 977K 8月  10 15:13 capture-1511.pcap
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 528K 8月  10 15:13 capture-1511.pcap1
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 982K 8月  10 15:15 capture-1513.pcap
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 245K 8月  10 15:15 capture-1513.pcap1
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 977K 8月  10 15:16 capture-1515.pcap
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 738K 8月  10 15:17 capture-1515.pcap1
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 977K 8月  10 15:19 capture-1517.pcap
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 527K 8月  10 15:19 capture-1517.pcap1
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 977K 8月  10 15:20 capture-1519.pcap
\-rw-r--r-- 1 tcpdump tcpdump 364K 8月  10 15:21 capture-1519.pcap1
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

tcpdump常用过滤条件

过滤条件	描述
ether	过滤指定二层协议的报文
host	过滤指定ip的报文
net	过滤指定ip网段的报文
port	过滤指定端口的报文
portrange	过滤指定端口范围的报文
tcp	过滤tcp报文
udp	过滤udp报文
icmp	过滤icmp报文
arp	过滤arp报文
src	指定过滤规则为源（ip/prot）
dst	指定过滤规则为目的（ip/prot）

过滤条件之间可以使用and/or/not(&&/||/!)进行组合；

过滤条件示例

过滤指定目的mac的报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c2 -e ether dst 28:a6:db:b6:46:7e
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:53:49.879219 44:a8:42:44:64:8d > 28:a6:db:b6:46:7e, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 179: 172.16.36.2.44722 > 120.0.11.139.161:  GetBulk(121)  N=0 M=2 .1.3.6.1.2.1.10.127.1.1.1.1.1 .1.3.6.1.2.1.10.127.1.1.1.1.2 .1.3.6.1.2.1.10.127.1.1.1.1.6 .1.3.6.1.2.1.10.127.1.1.4.1.5 .1.3.6.1.2.1.10.127.1.1.4.1.6 .1.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.1.20.1.24.1.1
18:53:49.891230 44:a8:42:44:64:8d > 28:a6:db:b6:46:7e, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 172.16.36.2.7799 > 120.0.61.253.12268: Flags [.], ack 651313966, win 716, options [nop,nop,TS val 3950308240 ecr 214005535], length 0
2 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤指定源ip的报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c3 src host 172.16.36.25
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:26:43.685737 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 451414338, win 8208, length 0
18:26:43.727125 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 193, win 8207, length 0
18:26:43.770972 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 385, win 8207, length 0
3 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤ICMP报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c3 icmp
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:27:52.131020 IP 172.16.36.20 > 172.16.36.2: ICMP echo request, id 6994, seq 1, length 64
18:27:52.131062 IP 172.16.36.2 > 172.16.36.20: ICMP echo reply, id 6994, seq 1, length 64
18:27:53.143968 IP 172.16.36.20 > 172.16.36.2: ICMP echo request, id 6994, seq 2, length 64
3 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤目的端口号是22的报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c3 dst port 22
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:29:03.971793 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 451421250, win 8207, length 0
18:29:04.015298 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 193, win 8212, length 0
18:29:04.057272 IP 172.16.36.25.1504 > 172.16.36.2.22: Flags [.], ack 385, win 8211, length 0
3 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤指定目的ip且指定源端口号的报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c3 src port 22 and dst host 172.16.36.25
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:31:22.495543 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 451438898:451439138, ack 2828520008, win 160, length 240
18:31:22.495814 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 240:464, ack 1, win 160, length 224
18:31:22.495953 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 464:656, ack 1, win 160, length 192
3 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤指定目的ip1或ip2的报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c2 "dst host 172.16.36.12 or 172.16.36.15"
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:34:11.642070 IP 172.16.36.2 > 172.16.36.15: ICMP echo request, id 12190, seq 1, length 64
18:34:13.562678 IP 172.16.36.2 > 172.16.36.12: ICMP echo request, id 12193, seq 1, length 64
2 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# 
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump  -nn  -i em2 -c3 dst host "172.16.36.12 || 172.16.36.15"
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
18:37:50.894034 IP 172.16.36.2 > 172.16.36.15: ICMP echo request, id 12421, seq 1, length 64
18:37:52.073669 IP 172.16.36.2 > 172.16.36.12: ICMP echo request, id 12423, seq 1, length 64
18:37:56.590839 ARP, Request who-has 172.16.36.12 tell 172.16.36.3, length 46
3 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

tcpdump特殊过滤条件

proto [expr:size]
- proto：指定协议（ether/ip/arp/tcp/udp/icmp/ipv6）；
- expr：为数值时表示与指定的协议头开始处的字节偏移量；也可以是一个表达式；
- size：是可选的，expr为数值时，size表示从字节偏移量开始取的字节数量；
length
- greater: 过滤长度大于n的报文
- less: 过滤长度小于n的报文

特殊过滤条件示例

过滤广播或组播mac报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em1 -nn -c 2 -e  ether broadcast
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
11:37:59.654385 14:18:77:33:97:d6 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: Request who-has 192.166.160.1 tell 192.166.160.22, length 46
11:37:59.667181 80:f6:2e:11:3b:13 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: Request who-has 192.166.160.2 tell 192.166.160.12, length 46
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em1 -nn -c 2 -e  ether multicast
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
11:38:18.565275 14:18:77:33:97:d6 > 33:33:00:01:00:03, ethertype IPv6 (0x86dd), length 84: fe80::ac98:797:791a:ae9b.64558 > ff02::1:3.5355: UDP, length 22
11:38:18.565292 14:18:77:33:97:d6 > 01:00:5e:00:00:fc, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 64: 192.166.160.22.65051 > 224.0.0.252.5355: UDP, length 22
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤广播或组播ip报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 2 ip broadcast
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
11:39:50.102639 IP 172.16.36.34.481 > 255.255.255.255.748: UDP, length 86
11:39:50.102735 IP 172.16.36.34.481 > 255.255.255.255.748: UDP, length 80
2 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# 
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 2 ip multicast
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
11:39:59.399929 IP 172.16.36.62 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 234, prio 200, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
11:40:00.143633 IP 172.16.36.20 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 123, prio 200, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
2 packets captured
12 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤IP头中total-length大于200的报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 2 "ip[2:2]>200"
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
11:47:02.455478 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 451771858:451772098, ack 2828654792, win 165, length 240
11:47:02.455758 IP 172.16.36.2.22 > 172.16.36.25.1504: Flags [P.], seq 240:464, ack 1, win 165, length 224
2 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

过滤TCP且规定长度的报文

[root@OpenWrtEXT:my_script]#tcpdump -i eth0 -s 0 tcp and greater 83 -c 2
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
19:33:32.987707 IP 172.16.36.217.8190 > 120.2.2.100.42828: Flags [P.], seq 1601883578:1601883596, ack 1366637051, win 1142, options [nop,nop,TS val 115460908 ecr 1430406092], length 18
19:33:34.333856 IP 172.16.36.215.8190 > 120.2.2.100.41168: Flags [P.], seq 18:36, ack 15, win 1143, options [nop,nop,TS val 115460969 ecr 4124341605], length 18
2 packets captured
8 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@OpenWrtEXT:my_script]#
[root@OpenWrtEXT:my_script]#tcpdump -i eth0 -s 0 tcp and less 83 -c 5
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
19:33:45.686332 IP 172.16.36.20.59870 > 172.16.36.25.6069: Flags [S], seq 2418787523, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1145549881 ecr 0,nop,wscale 8], length 0
19:33:45.686339 IP 172.16.36.25.6069 > 172.16.36.20.59870: Flags [R.], seq 0, ack 2418787524, win 0, length 0
2 packets captured
11 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@OpenWrtEXT:my_script]#

根据ip protocol字段过滤IGMP报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 2 ip[9:1]=2
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
13:58:35.993945 IP 172.16.36.24 > 224.0.0.1: igmp query v3
13:58:36.152321 IP 172.16.36.63 > 239.255.255.250: igmp v2 report 239.255.255.250
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

根据ether type字段过滤ARP报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 2 ether[12:2]=2054
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
14:01:40.746018 ARP, Request who-has 172.16.36.156 tell 172.16.36.1, length 46
14:01:40.746484 ARP, Request who-has 172.16.36.157 tell 172.16.36.1, length 46
2 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

根据IGMP type字段过滤report报文

[root@centos-36_2 tmp]# tcpdump -i em2 -nn -c 2 igmp[0:1]=22
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on em2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
14:03:45.951527 IP 172.16.36.62 > 224.0.0.251: igmp v2 report 224.0.0.251
14:03:50.144141 IP 172.16.36.25 > 239.255.255.250: igmp v2 report 239.255.255.250
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@centos-36_2 tmp]#

标签：centos,--,Tcpdump,packets,36,172.16,root,tcpdump,抓包
来源： https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45876097/article/details/120378389