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如何在Docker容器中使用模式初始化MySQL数据库?

作者:互联网

我正在尝试使用MySQL数据库创建一个容器,并为这些数据库添加一个模式.

我目前的Dockerfile是:

FROM mysql
MAINTAINER  (me) <email>

# Copy the database schema to the /data directory
COPY files/epcis_schema.sql /data/epcis_schema.sql

# Change the working directory
WORKDIR data

CMD mysql -u $MYSQL_USER -p $MYSQL_PASSWORD $MYSQL_DATABASE < epcis_schema.sql

为了创建容器,我遵循Docker上提供的文档并执行此命令:

docker run --name ${CONTAINER_NAME} -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${DB_ROOT_PASSWORD} -e MYSQL_USER=${DB_USER} -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=${DB_USER_PASSWORD} -e MYSQL_DATABASE=${DB_NAME} -d mvpgomes/epcisdb

但是当我执行这个命令时,没有创建Container,并且在Container状态下可以看到CMD没有成功执行,实际上只执行了mysql命令.

无论如何,有没有办法用模式初始化数据库,还是我需要手动执行这些操作?

解决方法:

我很抱歉这个超长的答案,但是,你有一点路可以到达你想要的地方.我会说通常你不会把数据库的存储放在与数据库本身相同的容器中,你要么安装一个主机卷,以便数据在docker主机上存在,或者也许一个容器可以用来保存数据(/ var / lib / mysql).另外,我是mysql的新手,所以,这可能不是超级高效的.那说……

我想这里可能有一些问题. Dockerfile用于创建图像.您需要执行构建步骤.至少,从包含Dockerfile的目录中,您可以执行以下操作:

docker build .

Dockerfile描述了要创建的图像.我不太了解mysql(我是一个postgres粉丝),但是,我在互联网上搜索了“我如何初始化一个mysql docker容器”.首先我创建了一个新的目录,我称之为mdir,然后我创建了一个文件目录,我存放了一个epcis_schema.sql文件,该文件创建了一个数据库和一个表:

create database test;
use test;

CREATE TABLE testtab
(
id INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT,
name TEXT,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) COMMENT='this is my test table';

然后我在files目录中创建了一个名为init_db的脚本:

#!/bin/bash

# Initialize MySQL database.
# ADD this file into the container via Dockerfile.
# Assuming you specify a VOLUME ["/var/lib/mysql"] or `-v /var/lib/mysql` on the `docker run` command…
# Once built, do e.g. `docker run your_image /path/to/docker-mysql-initialize.sh`
# Again, make sure MySQL is persisting data outside the container for this to have any effect.

set -e
set -x

mysql_install_db

# Start the MySQL daemon in the background.
/usr/sbin/mysqld &
mysql_pid=$!

until mysqladmin ping >/dev/null 2>&1; do
  echo -n "."; sleep 0.2
done

# Permit root login without password from outside container.
mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '' WITH GRANT OPTION"

# create the default database from the ADDed file.
mysql < /tmp/epcis_schema.sql

# Tell the MySQL daemon to shutdown.
mysqladmin shutdown

# Wait for the MySQL daemon to exit.
wait $mysql_pid

# create a tar file with the database as it currently exists
tar czvf default_mysql.tar.gz /var/lib/mysql

# the tarfile contains the initialized state of the database.
# when the container is started, if the database is empty (/var/lib/mysql)
# then it is unpacked from default_mysql.tar.gz from
# the ENTRYPOINT /tmp/run_db script

(大部分脚本都是从这里解除的:https://gist.github.com/pda/9697520)

这是我创建的files / run_db脚本:

# start db

set -e
set -x

# first, if the /var/lib/mysql directory is empty, unpack it from our predefined db
[ "$(ls -A /var/lib/mysql)" ] && echo "Running with existing database in /var/lib/mysql" || ( echo 'Populate initial db'; tar xpzvf default_mysql.tar.gz )

/usr/sbin/mysqld

最后,Dockerfile将它们全部绑定:

FROM mysql
MAINTAINER  (me) <email>

# Copy the database schema to the /data directory
ADD files/run_db files/init_db files/epcis_schema.sql /tmp/

# init_db will create the default
# database from epcis_schema.sql, then
# stop mysqld, and finally copy the /var/lib/mysql directory
# to default_mysql_db.tar.gz
RUN /tmp/init_db

# run_db starts mysqld, but first it checks
# to see if the /var/lib/mysql directory is empty, if
# it is it is seeded with default_mysql_db.tar.gz before
# the mysql is fired up

ENTRYPOINT "/tmp/run_db"

所以,我cd到了我的mdir目录(其中包含Dockerfile和files目录).然后我运行命令:

docker build --no-cache .

你应该看到这样的输出:

Sending build context to Docker daemon 7.168 kB
Sending build context to Docker daemon 
Step 0 : FROM mysql
 ---> 461d07d927e6
Step 1 : MAINTAINER (me) <email>
 ---> Running in 963e8de55299
 ---> 2fd67c825c34
Removing intermediate container 963e8de55299
Step 2 : ADD files/run_db files/init_db files/epcis_schema.sql /tmp/
 ---> 81871189374b
Removing intermediate container 3221afd8695a
Step 3 : RUN /tmp/init_db
 ---> Running in 8dbdf74b2a79
+ mysql_install_db
2015-03-19 16:40:39 12 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
...
/var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile0
 ---> 885ec2f1a7d5
Removing intermediate container 8dbdf74b2a79
Step 4 : ENTRYPOINT "/tmp/run_db"
 ---> Running in 717ed52ba665
 ---> 7f6d5215fe8d
Removing intermediate container 717ed52ba665
Successfully built 7f6d5215fe8d

您现在有了一个图像’7f6d5215fe8d’.我可以运行这个图像:

docker run -d 7f6d5215fe8d

并且图像开始,我看到一个实例字符串:

4b377ac7397ff5880bc9218abe6d7eadd49505d50efb5063d6fab796ee157bd3

我可以’停止’它,然后重新启动它.

docker stop 4b377
docker start 4b377

如果查看日志,第一行将包含:

docker logs 4b377

Populate initial db
var/lib/mysql/
...

然后,在日志的末尾:

Running with existing database in /var/lib/mysql

这些是来自/ tmp / run_db脚本的消息,第一个表示数据库已从保存的(初始)版本解压缩,第二个表示数据库已存在,因此使用了现有副本.

这是我在上面描述的目录结构的ls -lR.请注意,init_db和run_db是设置了执行位的脚本:

gregs-air:~ gfausak$ls -Rl mdir
total 8
-rw-r--r--  1 gfausak  wheel  534 Mar 19 11:13 Dockerfile
drwxr-xr-x  5 gfausak  staff  170 Mar 19 11:24 files

mdir/files:
total 24
-rw-r--r--  1 gfausak  staff   126 Mar 19 11:14 epcis_schema.sql
-rwxr-xr-x  1 gfausak  staff  1226 Mar 19 11:16 init_db
-rwxr-xr-x  1 gfausak  staff   284 Mar 19 11:23 run_db

标签:docker,mysql,database-schema
来源: https://codeday.me/bug/20190917/1809649.html