命令行安装 Oracle11g
作者：互联网
命令行安装11g
以下文件名、路径、配置信息都是前后一致的，如根据实际情况调整，需要注意前后的一致性！
安装时仅安装软件，不创建数据库。
一、创建目录
检查一下配置的路径
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_BASE
/app/oracle
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
用oracle用户建立数据库所需目录
$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID
$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID
$ mkdir adump bdump cdump dpdump hdump pfile udump
$ mkdir -p /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl
$ mkdir -p /app/oracle/oradata/orcl
以下都用oracle用户
二、配置初始化文件
创建一个初始化文件
$ vim ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/pfile/init.ora
插入下面内容
注意：
undo表空间名和创建数据库脚本表空间名一定一致！！！
##############################################################################
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2001, 2002 by Oracle Corporation
##############################################################################
###########################################
# Cache and I/O
###########################################
db_block_size=8192
###########################################
# Cursors and Library Cache
###########################################
open_cursors=300
###########################################
# Database Identification
###########################################
db_domain=""
db_name="orcl"
###########################################
# File Configuration
###########################################
control_files=("/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl", "/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl")
db_recovery_file_dest="/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area"
db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
###########################################
# Miscellaneous
###########################################
compatible=11.2.0.4.0
diagnostic_dest=/app/oracle
memory_target=805306368
###########################################
# Processes and Sessions
###########################################
processes=150
###########################################
# Security and Auditing
###########################################
audit_file_dest="/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump"
audit_trail=db
remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE
###########################################
# Shared Server
###########################################
dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)"
###########################################
# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments
###########################################
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1
三、创建oracle密码文件
$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle
四、创建数据库
先登录sys 以DBA身份，用初始化参数文件将数据库启动到nomount状态。
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> startup nomount pfile="/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora";
说明：
字符集：ZHS16GBK
sys和system密码：manager2021
数据库SID：orcl
创建数据库脚本如下：
CREATE DATABASE orcl
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 16
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 512
DATAFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 2048M REUSE
AUTOEXTEND OFF
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 1024M REUSE
AUTOEXTEND OFF
SMALLFILE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' SIZE 4096M REUSE
AUTOEXTEND OFF
SMALLFILE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS1" DATAFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/UNDOTBS1.dbf' SIZE 8192M REUSE
AUTOEXTEND OFF
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log') SIZE 102400K,
GROUP 2 ('/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log') SIZE 102400K,
GROUP 3 ('/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log') SIZE 102400K
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY "manager2021"
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY "manager2021";
/
五、执行数据字典脚本
用两个角色执行脚本：
SQL> conn sys/manager2021 as sysdba
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc
SQL> conn system/manager2021
SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld
六、创建spfile
创建完spfile后，关闭数据库，然后就可以startup直接启动了。
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora';
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup
七、网络访问连接设置
1、配置文件
因为安装时仅安装软件，所以没有配置net 。
在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin路径下，手工配置三个ora文件，需要注意的就是机器名一定正确，SID一定正确。
文件内容如下，直接复制粘贴即可：
（1） listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledb)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /app/oracle
（2）tnsnames.ora
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledb)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
（3）sqlnet.ora
# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)
ADR_BASE = /app/oracle
2、启动监听
（1）用命令启动监听：lsnrctl start
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2021 01:29:32
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 28-SEP-2021 01:29:32
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@oracledb admin]$
（2）检查监听状态：
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2021 01:30:29
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 28-SEP-2021 01:29:32
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 57 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@oracledb admin]$
（3）测试tns
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ tnsping orcl
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2021 01:31:16
Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)))
OK (0 msec)
[oracle@oracledb admin]$
至此完成命令行方式安装！
标签：admin,app,oracledb,orcl,###########################################,命令行,oracle,安 来源： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39065491/article/details/120513973