Java中定义常量(Constant) 的几种方法
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Java中定义常量(Constant) 的几种方法
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常量使用目的
1,为什么要将常亮提取出来? 2,提取出来怎么定义,定义在interface中,还是class中?有什么区别?
1)常亮提取出来有利于代码阅读,而且下次再做这种判断不用手写或复制,直接通过常量类就能得到,能够避免有的地方是username,有的地方是name来判断同一个逻辑含义相同变量问题。不过我觉得提取出来并不会有利于代码性能提升,因为常量分配在内存的常亮池中,所以内存不会出现多个相同常量字符串。总的来说提取常量主要是为了避免魔法数字和提高代码可读性。
2)常亮定义在final的class中,防止被其它类继承和实例化。定义在interface中性质也是一样,static final属性。但是interface看起来就是会被继承的。
interface中定义常量
采用接口(Interface)的中变量默认为static final的特性。
public interface ConstantInterface {
String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
}
Enum定义常量
enum ConstantEnum {
SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY
}
普通类中定义常量
采用了在普通类中使用static final修饰变量的方法。.
public class ConstantClassField {
public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
}
也可以使用get方法
public class ConstantClassFunction {
private static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
private static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
private static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
private static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
private static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
private static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
private static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
public static String getSunday() {
return SUNDAY;
}
public static String getMonday() {
return MONDAY;
}
public static String getTuesday() {
return TUESDAY;
}
public static String getWednesday() {
return WEDNESDAY;
}
public static String getThursday() {
return THURSDAY;
}
public static String getFirday() {
return FRIDAY;
}
public static String getSaturday() {
return SATURDAY;
}
}
final class定义常量
public final class ConstantClassField {
public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
}
推荐,使用final class定义,表面意思更清楚。虽然为了简单编码,浪尖采用的是interface。
标签:Java,常量,TUESDAY,WEDNESDAY,public,static,Constant,final,String 来源: https://blog.51cto.com/15127544/2664723