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c#-如果内容为XML格式,如何在.NET Core 2.2中进行POST?

作者:互联网

我真的对这个问题感到惊讶,因为我记得在早期的.NET Core版本中已经成功了.我正在开发.NET Core 2.2应用程序,现在需要由只能发布xml的另一个应用程序(由外部开发)调用.

这是我的ConfigureServices方法:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2).AddXmlSerializerFormatters();
}

这是我的控制器:

[Route("api/[controller]")]
[ApiController]
public class ValuesController : ControllerBase
{
    // POST api/values
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult<object> Post([FromBody] object value)
    {
        return ("Hi", "Hi2");
    }
}

以下请求的确会引起状态码为200的响应:

POST http://localhost:58774/api/values
Content-Type: application/json
Accept: application/xml
User-Agent: vscode-restclient
Accept-Encoding: gzip

{"a":5}

这给了我xml作为响应,并且

POST http://localhost:58774/api/values
Content-Type: application/json
Accept: application/json
User-Agent: vscode-restclient
Accept-Encoding: gzip

{"a":5}

给出json作为响应.

但是,此调用导致状态码为500的响应(这正是我的问题):

POST http://localhost:58774/api/values
Content-Type: application/xml
Accept: application/xml
User-Agent: vscode-restclient
Accept-Encoding: gzip

<A a="5"/>

所以现在我有麻烦了. Xml格式可以正常工作,如果我接受它作为输出类型,它将变得很清晰.但是,如果我自己将其发布为Content-Type并进行测试,则得到500.我也尝试了this (old) approach,但它似乎在.NET Core 2.2中不起作用.我究竟做错了什么?如何在.net core 2.2中发布xml?

有用的评论后的更新.
导致500的异常是这样的:

System.InvalidOperationException: There is an error in XML document
(1, 11). —> System.InvalidOperationException: was not
expected.

但是,如果我添加一个xmlns(基于this),我仍然有500:

POST http://localhost:5000/api/values
Content-Type: application/xml
Accept: application/xml
User-Agent: vscode-restclient
Accept-Encoding: gzip

<f:table xmlns:f="https://www.w3schools.com/furniture">
  <f:name>African Coffee Table</f:name>
  <f:width>80</f:width>
  <f:length>120</f:length>
</f:table>

然后,异常消息是:

System.InvalidOperationException: There is an error in XML document
(1, 56). —> System.InvalidOperationException: https://www.w3schools.com/furniture’> was not expected.

可能我需要更改xml.怎么样?甚至w3cschools的示例也无济于事.

解决方法:

对于Content-Type:带有{“ a”:5}的application / json,您将在服务器端收到{“ a”:5}.它收到纯文本.

对于Content-Type:带有< A a =“ 5” />的application / xml,如果您希望接收< A a =“ 5” /&gt ;,则可以实现自定义XDocumentInputFormatter,例如

public class XDocumentInputFormatter : InputFormatter, IInputFormatter, IApiRequestFormatMetadataProvider
{
    public XDocumentInputFormatter()
    {
        SupportedMediaTypes.Add("application/xml");
    }

    protected override bool CanReadType(Type type)
    {
        if (type.IsAssignableFrom(typeof(XDocument))) return true;
        return base.CanReadType(type);
    }

    public override async Task<InputFormatterResult> ReadRequestBodyAsync(InputFormatterContext context)
    {
        var xmlDoc = await XDocument.LoadAsync(context.HttpContext.Request.Body, LoadOptions.None, CancellationToken.None);

        return InputFormatterResult.Success(xmlDoc);
    }
}

在Startup.cs中注册

services.AddMvc(config =>
        {
            config.InputFormatters.Insert(0, new XDocumentInputFormatter());
        })
        .SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2)
        .AddXmlSerializerFormatters();

默认情况下,对于XmlSerializer,我们需要提供Type类型,而对象类型将无法反序列化.

如果对象值的类型定义为

public class A
{
    public int a { get; set; }
}

您可以像这样更改您的方法

public ActionResult<object> Post([FromBody] A value)
{
    return new A { a = 1 };//("Hi", "Hi2");
}

和像这样的要求

<A>
    <a>1</a>
</A>

它将用A类对象填充值.

标签:httpwebresponse,asp-net-core,net-core,httpwebrequest,c
来源: https://codeday.me/bug/20191211/2106317.html