c#-如何使用protobuf-net嵌入类型信息以进行反序列化？

我希望能够以保留/嵌入类型信息的方式序列化IMessage的具体实例(类似于Json.NET中的可用信息),以便在反序列化时可以使用类型信息来实现这些信息具体实例.我很清楚下面的反序列化方法不起作用.任何有关如何更改它们以使它们起作用的指导将不胜感激.

public interface IMessage {}
public interface IEvent : IMessage {}
[ProtoContract]
public class DogBarkedEvent : IEvent {
  [ProtoMember(0)]
  public string NameOfDog { get; set; }
  [ProtoMember(1)]
  public int Times { get; set; }
}

//Somewhere in a class far, far away
public byte[] Serialize(IMessage message) {
  using(var stream = new MemoryStream()) {
    ProtoBuf.Serializer.Serialize<IMessage>(stream, message);
    return stream.ToArray();
  }
}

public IMessage Deserialize(byte[] data) {
  using(var stream = new MemoryStream(data)) {
    return ProtoBuf.Serializer.Deserialize<IMessage>(stream);
  }
}

阐明一下：序列化的事件被写入持久性.读取它们时,使用带有通用参数的反序列化方法不是一个可行的选择(最好的做法是将类型信息指定为常规参数或使用公共协定(在这种情况下为IMessage)).

解决方法:

有两种解决方法：我最不推荐的选择是使用DynamicType = true-这更昂贵,并且限制了可移植性/版本化,但是对预先了解数据没有任何要求.我的首选方法是为每个接口声明一个固定的标识符,使其能够识别数据本身.如下所示.

对于信息,DontAskWrapper是因为Serialize()使用GetType();.这意味着它不会发现接口库.我怀疑我可以改善这一点,但这在v2上适用于今天：

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using NUnit.Framework;
using ProtoBuf;
using ProtoBuf.Meta;

namespace Examples.Issues
{
    [TestFixture]
    public class SO7078615
    {
        [ProtoContract] // treat the interface as a contract
        // since protobuf-net *by default* doesn't know about type metadata, need to use some clue
        [ProtoInclude(1, typeof(DogBarkedEvent))]
        // other concrete messages here; note these can also be defined at runtime - nothing *needs*
        // to use attributes
        public interface IMessage { }
        public interface IEvent : IMessage { }

        [ProtoContract] // removed (InferTagFromName = true) - since you are already qualifying your tags
        public class DogBarkedEvent : IEvent
        {
            [ProtoMember(1)] // .proto tags are 1-based; blame google ;p
            public string NameOfDog { get; set; }
            [ProtoMember(2)]
            public int Times { get; set; }
        }

        [ProtoContract]
        class DontAskWrapper
        {
            [ProtoMember(1)]
            public IMessage Message { get; set; }
        }

        [Test]
        public void RoundTripAnUnknownMessage()
        {
            IMessage msg = new DogBarkedEvent
            {
                  NameOfDog = "Woofy", Times = 5
            }, copy;
            var model = TypeModel.Create(); // could also use the default model, but
            using(var ms = new MemoryStream()) // separation makes life easy for my tests
            {
                var tmp = new DontAskWrapper {Message = msg};
                model.Serialize(ms, tmp);
                ms.Position = 0;
                string hex = Program.GetByteString(ms.ToArray());
                Debug.WriteLine(hex);

                var wrapper = (DontAskWrapper)model.Deserialize(ms, null, typeof(DontAskWrapper));
                copy = wrapper.Message;
             }
            // check the data is all there
            Assert.IsInstanceOfType(typeof(DogBarkedEvent), copy);
            var typed = (DogBarkedEvent)copy;
            var orig = (DogBarkedEvent)msg;
            Assert.AreEqual(orig.Times, typed.Times);
            Assert.AreEqual(orig.NameOfDog, typed.NameOfDog);
        }
    }
}

这是没有属性的同一件事：

public interface IMessage { }
public interface IEvent : IMessage { }
public class DogBarkedEvent : IEvent
{
    public string NameOfDog { get; set; }
    public int Times { get; set; }
}
class DontAskWrapper
{
    public IMessage Message { get; set; }
}

[Test]
public void RoundTripAnUnknownMessage()
{
    IMessage msg = new DogBarkedEvent
    {
        NameOfDog = "Woofy",
        Times = 5
    }, copy;
    var model = TypeModel.Create();
    model.Add(typeof (DogBarkedEvent), false).Add("NameOfDog", "Times");
    model.Add(typeof (IMessage), false).AddSubType(1, typeof (DogBarkedEvent));
    model.Add(typeof (DontAskWrapper), false).Add("Message");


    using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
    {
        var tmp = new DontAskWrapper { Message = msg };
        model.Serialize(ms, tmp);
        ms.Position = 0;
        string hex = Program.GetByteString(ms.ToArray());
        Debug.WriteLine(hex);

        var wrapper = (DontAskWrapper)model.Deserialize(ms, null, typeof(DontAskWrapper));
        copy = wrapper.Message;
    }
    // check the data is all there
    Assert.IsInstanceOfType(typeof(DogBarkedEvent), copy);
    var typed = (DogBarkedEvent)copy;
    var orig = (DogBarkedEvent)msg;
    Assert.AreEqual(orig.Times, typed.Times);
    Assert.AreEqual(orig.NameOfDog, typed.NameOfDog);
}

请注意,在两种情况下,都应将TypeModel缓存并重新使用.它是线程安全的,因此可以由不同的线程等积极地并行使用.

标签：serialization,protobuf-net,c,net
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191208/2088519.html