Java-正确测试Spring服务

这个问题已经在这里有了答案：            >            How to access Spring @Service object from jUnit test                                    2个
以下测试失败,并在usersRepo.save(user);行上显示NullPointerException.我相信这是因为当测试进入performProvision()函数时,usersRepo对象为null.

但是,当Web服务实际运行且控制器的端点被命中时,一切正常,并且数据库已更新.

知道为什么测试失败了吗？我的想法是PAutoProvision引用真实的数据库,而它应该处理内存数据库,所以也许存在某种冲突？我还看到了很多不同的示例,它们的注释设置不同,所以我想这可能也是一个问题.

UsersRepo扩展了JpaRepository,其中PAutoProvision是一个SQL表实体.

如果这还不够,我可以根据需要提供UsersRepo,PAutoProvision和ProvisionController类.

服务：

@Service
public class ProvisionService {

    @Autowired
    private UsersRepo usersRepo;


    public String performProvision(UserData userData) {
        try {
            PAutoProvision user = new PAutoProvision(userData);
            usersRepo.save(user);  // OOTB CRUD repository functionality of springData to update/insert record data
            return String.format("Success: User %s has been added to the database", userData.getUserId());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e.toString());
            System.out.println("\n\n Cannot perform the provisioning of the user " + userData.getUserId() + ": \n" + e.toString() + "\n\n");
        }

        return "problem";
    }
}

考试：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ProvisionServiceTest {

    private ProvisionService provisionService;

    @MockBean
    private UsersRepo usersRepo;

    @Before
    public void setUp(){
        provisionService = new ProvisionService();
    }

     @Test
    public void performProvision_shouldPass() {
        UserData userData = new UserData("userid", 30, 1, "spot", 1);
        try {
            String result = provisionService.performProvision(userData);
            assertThat(result, is(equalTo("Success: User userid has been added to the database")));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e.toString());
        }
    }
}

编辑1：

添加@Autowired并删除setUp()方法将导致以下结果：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException：创建名称为’com.autoprovision.ProvisionServiceTest’的bean时出错：通过字段’provisionService’表示的不满足的依赖关系；嵌套的异常是org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException：没有类型为’com.autoprovision.ProvisionService’的合格Bean：至少应有1个可以作为自动装配候选的Bean.依赖项注释：{@ org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required = true)}

解决方法:

如JB Nizet所述,UserRepo模拟不会注入到ProvisionService实例中,因为ProvisionService实例是在setUp方法中使用new创建的.

您的测试应如下所示：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ProvisionServiceTest {
    @Autowired // let Spring instantiate the instance to test
    private ProvisionService provisionService;

    @MockBean
    private UsersRepo usersRepo;

    @Test
    public void performProvision_shouldPass() {
        UserData userData = new UserData("userid", 30, 1, "spot", 1);

        String result = provisionService.performProvision(userData);
        assertThat(result, is(equalTo("Success: User userid has been added to the database")));
    }
}

标签：spring-ws,junit,hibernate,spring,java
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191025/1932103.html