从Python发送HTTP POST请求(尝试从PHP转换)

我正在尝试将此代码段从PHP转换为Python(编程新手),并且我发现这样做有困难：

我试图转换的PHP如下：

$fp = fsockopen($whmcsurl, 80, $errno, $errstr, 5);
if ($fp) {
$querystring = "";
foreach ($postfields AS $k=>$v) {
$querystring .= "$k=".urlencode($v)."&";
}
$header="POST ".$whmcsurl."modules/servers/licensing/verify.php HTTP/1.0\r\n";
$header.="Host: ".$whmcsurl."\r\n";
$header.="Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n";
$header.="Content-length: ".@strlen($querystring)."\r\n";
$header.="Connection: close\r\n\r\n";
$header.=$querystring;
$data="";
@stream_set_timeout($fp, 20);
@fputs($fp, $header);
$status = @socket_get_status($fp);
while (!@feof($fp)&&$status) {
$data .= @fgets($fp, 1024);
$status = @socket_get_status($fp);
}
@fclose ($fp);
}

我编写的相应Python代码如下：

fp = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
                fp.connect(("my ip", 80))
                if (fp):
                        querystring = ""
                        #print postfields
                        for key in postfields:
                                querystring = querystring+key+"="+urllib.quote(str(postfields[key]))+"&"
                header = "POST "+whmcsurl+"modules/servers/licensing/verify.php HTTP/1.0\r\n"
                header+="Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n"
                header+="Content-length: "+str(len(querystring))+"\r\n"
                header+="Connection: close\r\n\r\n"
                #header+=querystring
                data=""
                request = urllib2.Request(whmcsurl,querystring,header)
                response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
                data = response.read()

在这里,我遇到以下错误：

request = urllib2.Request(whmcsurl,querystring,header)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 200, in __init__
    for key, value in headers.items():
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

所以我猜测Python期待标题的字典.但PHP将其作为字符串发送.

我可以知道如何解决这个问题吗？

提前致谢

解决方法:

你太过复杂了,相当远. Python会为您处理大部分内容.您无需自己打开套接字,也无需构建标头和HTTP开头行.

使用urllib和urllib2模块为您完成工作：

from urllib import urlencode
from urllib2 import urlopen

params = urlencode(postfields)
url = whmcsurl + 'modules/servers/licensing/verify.php'
response = urlopen(url, params)
data = response.read()

urlopen()接受第二个参数,即要在POST请求中发送的数据;该库负责计算主体的长度,并设置适当的标题.最重要的是,它使用另一个库httplib来处理套接字连接并生成有效的头和HTTP请求行.

POST主体使用urllib.urlencode()进行编码,它也会为您正确引用.

您可能还想查看external requests library,它仍然提供了一个更易于使用的API：

import requests

response = requests.post(whmcsurl + 'modules/servers/licensing/verify.php', params=params)
data = response.content  # or response.text for decoded content, or response.json(), etc.

标签：python,php,porting,http-headers
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20190723/1508961.html