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c# – 在不知道类型的情况下返回通用对象?

作者:互联网

我仍然是编程方面的新手,并且负责创建一个接收原始JSON字符串的WebHook使用者,将JSON解析为一个对象,该对象将被传递到处理程序中进行处理. JSON就像这样:

{
   "id":"1",
   "created_at":"2017-09-19T20:41:23.093Z",
   "type":"person.created",
   "object":{
      "id":"person1",
      "created_at":"2017-09-19T20:41:23.076Z",
      "updated_at":"2017-09-19T20:41:23.076Z",
      "firstname":"First",
      ...
   }
}

内部对象可以是任何对象,所以我认为这将是一个使用泛型并构建我​​的类的好机会,如下所示:

public class WebHookModel<T> where T : class, new()
{
    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "id")]
    public string Id { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "created_at")]
    public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "type")]
    public string Type { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "object")]
    public T Object { get; set; }

    [JsonIgnore]
    public string WebHookAction
    {
        get
        {
            return string.IsNullOrEmpty(Type) ? string.Empty : Type.Split('.').Last();
        }
    }
}

然后创建以下界面:

public interface IWebHookModelFactory<T> where T : class, new()
{
   WebHookModel<T> GetWebHookModel(string type, string jsonPayload);
}

我无法理解的是如何在不知道编译时类型是什么的情况下实现Factory类?

稍微使用Model,我将它改为带有抽象T对象的抽象类,以便它可以由派生类定义.

public abstract class WebHookModel<T> where T : class, new()
{
    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "id")]
    public string Id { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "created_at")]
    public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "type")]
    public string Type { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "object")]
    public abstract T Object { get; set; }

    [JsonIgnore]
    public string WebHookAction
    {
        get
        {
            return string.IsNullOrEmpty(Type) ? string.Empty : Type.Split('.').Last();
        }
    }
}

public PersonWebHookModel : WebHookModel<Person>
{
    public override Person Object { get; set; }
}

但我仍然遇到同样的问题,试图实现一个我不知道运行时类型的接口.从我在网上找到的,这是一个协方差的例子,但我没有找到任何解释如何解决这个问题的文章.最好是跳过泛型并创建一个庞大的
案例陈述?

public interface IWebHookFactory<TModel, TJsonObject> 
    where TJsonObject : class, new()
    where TModel : WebHookModel<TJsonObject>
{
    TModel GetWebHookModel(string type, string jsonPayload);
}

我对使用抽象类方法有点偏爱,因为它允许我根据我传入服务的模型来定义各个处理程序.

public interface IWebHookService<TModel, TJsonObject>
    where TJsonObject : class, new()
    where TModel : WebHookModel<TJsonObject>
{
    void CompleteAction(TModel webHookModel);
}

public abstract class BaseWebhookService<TModel, TJsonObject> : IWebHookService<TModel, TJsonObject>
        where TJsonObject : class, new()
        where TModel : WebHookModel<TJsonObject>
{
    public void CompleteAction(TModel webHookModel)
    {
        var self = this.GetType();
        var bitWise = System.Reflection.BindingFlags.IgnoreCase
                        | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance
                        | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic;

        var methodToCall = self.GetMethod(jsonObject.WebHookAction, bitWise);
        methodToCall.Invoke(this, new[] { jsonObject });
    }

    protected abstract void Created(TModel webHookObject);

    protected abstract void Updated(TModel webHookObject);

    protected abstract void Destroyed(TModel webHookObject);
}

public class PersonWebHookService : BaseWebHookService<PersonWebHookModel, Person>
{
    protected override void Created(PersonWebHookModel webHookModel)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    protected override void Updated(PersonWebHookModel webHookModel)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    protected override void Destroyed(PersonWebHookModel webHookModel)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

解决方法:

解决方案的要点:
那里需要有一些虚拟电话.
2.不知何故,您需要从JSON有效负载中的类型标记映射到实际的C#类.
IE,“person.created”,“ – >’人’.
如果您控制序列化格式,JSON.Net可以注入自己的类型标记并为您执行此操作.假设你不能走那条路……
所以你需要像Dictionary这样的东西来包含映射.

假设您的定义如下:

abstract class WebhookPayload // Note this base class is not generic! 
{
    // Common base properties here 

    public abstract void DoWork();
}

abstract class PersonPayload : WebhookPayload
{
    public override void DoWork()
    {
        // your derived impl here 
    }
}

然后你可以反序列化:

    static Dictionary<string, Type> _map = new Dictionary<string, Type>
    {
        { "person.created", typeof(PersonPayload)}
    }; // Add more entries here 

    public static WebhookPayload Deserialize(string json)
    {
        // 1. only parse once!
        var jobj = JObject.Parse(json); 

        // 2. get the c# type 
        var strType = jobj["type"].ToString(); 

        Type type;
        if (!_map.TryGetValue(strType, out type))
        {
            // Error! Unrecognized type
        }

        // 3. Now deserialize 
        var obj = (WebhookPayload) jobj.ToObject(type);
        return obj;
    }

标签:c,factory-pattern,generics
来源: https://codeday.me/bug/20190701/1348916.html