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java – 用JAXB保持干燥

2019-06-30 18:47:28 作者：互联网

我正在开发许多必须按以下格式序列化为XML的Java类：

<foo value="123"/>

<!-- or this -->
<bar value="abc"/>

<!-- or this -->
<baz value="true"/>

一开始,Foo.java看起来像这样：

@XmlRootElement
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
class Foo {
    @XmlAttribute
    String value;

    // snip constructors

    // snip methods
    // getValue
    // equals, hashCode, toString
    // static valueOf(String), static valueOf(int)
}

猜测Bar.java和Baz.java可能是什么样子并不需要太多想象力.这些是非常简单的包装类(在本例中为int,String和boolean).到目前为止,一切都是笨拙的.写完第九轮之后

class WhoCares {
    @XmlAttribute
    Whatever value;
    /* 2 constructors */
    /* 6 methods found in every one of these classes */
}

我想：“嘿,我知道如何解决这个问题 – 我只需要一个层次的抽象！”介绍Wrapper< T>：

abstract class Wrapper<T> {
    @XmlAttribute
    private T value;

    Wrapper() {} // default ctor for JAXB
    Wrapper(T value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    T getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    // snip equals, hashCode, toString
}

现在,要实现Foo,我需要做的就是扩展Wrapper,实现我需要的工厂方法：

class Foo extends Wrapper<String> {
    // snip constructors

    static Foo valueOf(String value) {
        return new Foo(value);
    }
}

并将一个@XmlSeeAlso({… Foo.class …})添加到Wrapper的声明中.

>亲：这更好.
> Con：JAXB不会序列化这些对象.

任何对JAXBContext.getInstance(Wrapper.class)或JAXBContext.getInstance(Foo.class)的调用都会因为在JAXB的内部深处抛出NullPointerException而失败：

17:06:03,706 ERROR [org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[jboss.web].[localhost].[/Redacted].[JAX-RS Servlet]] Servlet.service() for servlet JAX-RS Servlet threw exception: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.reflect.TransducedAccessor.get(TransducedAccessor.java:165) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.property.AttributeProperty.<init>(AttributeProperty.java:87) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.property.PropertyFactory.create(PropertyFactory.java:104) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.ClassBeanInfoImpl.<init>(ClassBeanInfoImpl.java:179) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.getOrCreate(JAXBContextImpl.java:515) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.ClassBeanInfoImpl.<init>(ClassBeanInfoImpl.java:166) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.getOrCreate(JAXBContextImpl.java:515) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.getOrCreate(JAXBContextImpl.java:534) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.property.SingleElementNodeProperty.<init>(SingleElementNodeProperty.java:101) [:2.2]
    at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor49.newInstance(Unknown Source) [:1.6.0_24]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27) [:1.6.0_24]
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513) [:1.6.0_24]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.property.PropertyFactory.create(PropertyFactory.java:124) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.ClassBeanInfoImpl.<init>(ClassBeanInfoImpl.java:179) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.getOrCreate(JAXBContextImpl.java:515) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.ClassBeanInfoImpl.<init>(ClassBeanInfoImpl.java:166) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.getOrCreate(JAXBContextImpl.java:515) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.<init>(JAXBContextImpl.java:330) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl$JAXBContextBuilder.build(JAXBContextImpl.java:1140) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.ContextFactory.createContext(ContextFactory.java:154) [:2.2]
    at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.ContextFactory.createContext(ContextFactory.java:121) [:2.2]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) [:1.6.0_24]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) [:1.6.0_24]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) [:1.6.0_24]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) [:1.6.0_24]
    at javax.xml.bind.ContextFinder.newInstance(ContextFinder.java:201) [:1.0.0.Final]
    at javax.xml.bind.ContextFinder.find(ContextFinder.java:362) [:1.0.0.Final]
    at javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext.newInstance(JAXBContext.java:618) [:1.0.0.Final]
    at javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext.newInstance(JAXBContext.java:565) [:1.0.0.Final]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractJAXBProvider.getStoredJAXBContext(AbstractJAXBProvider.java:189) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractJAXBProvider.getJAXBContext(AbstractJAXBProvider.java:182) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractJAXBProvider.getMarshaller(AbstractJAXBProvider.java:160) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractJAXBProvider.getMarshaller(AbstractJAXBProvider.java:139) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractRootElementProvider.writeTo(AbstractRootElementProvider.java:151) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerResponse.write(ContainerResponse.java:306) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl._handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1310) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl.handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1223) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl.handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1213) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:414) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:537) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:699) [:1.6]
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:847) [:1.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:324) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at com.example.mgp.filter.RetryFilter.doFilter(RetryFilter.java:109) [:]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:274) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at com.example.mgp.filter.AuthFilter.doFilter(AuthFilter.java:57) [:]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:274) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.weld.servlet.ConversationPropagationFilter.doFilter(ConversationPropagationFilter.java:67) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:274) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:275) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityAssociationValve.invoke(SecurityAssociationValve.java:181) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.modcluster.catalina.CatalinaContext$RequestListenerValve.event(CatalinaContext.java:285) [:1.1.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.modcluster.catalina.CatalinaContext$RequestListenerValve.invoke(CatalinaContext.java:261) [:1.1.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JaccContextValve.invoke(JaccContextValve.java:88) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.invoke(SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.java:100) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve.invoke(CachedConnectionValve.java:158) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.request.ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.invoke(ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.java:53) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:362) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:877) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:654) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:951) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662) [:1.6.0_24]

我已经尝试将我的JAXB实现从Metro切换到MOXy(我做了check that the implementation changed)但是MOXy抛出了类似的NPE：

17:46:48,481 SEVERE [com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerResponse] Mapped exception to response: 500 (Internal Server Error): javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException: javax.xml.bind.MarshalException
 - with linked exception:
[Exception [EclipseLink-25003] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.2.0.v20110202-r8913): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.XMLMarshalException
Exception Description: An error occurred marshalling the object
Internal Exception: java.lang.NullPointerException]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractRootElementProvider.writeTo(AbstractRootElementProvider.java:159) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerResponse.write(ContainerResponse.java:306) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl._handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1310) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl.handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1223) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl.handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1213) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:414) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:537) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:699) [:1.6]
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:847) [:1.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:324) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at com.example.mgp.filter.RetryFilter.doFilter(RetryFilter.java:109) [:]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:274) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at com.example.mgp.filter.AuthFilter.doFilter(AuthFilter.java:57) [:]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:274) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.weld.servlet.ConversationPropagationFilter.doFilter(ConversationPropagationFilter.java:67) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:274) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:242) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:275) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityAssociationValve.invoke(SecurityAssociationValve.java:181) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.modcluster.catalina.CatalinaContext$RequestListenerValve.event(CatalinaContext.java:285) [:1.1.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.modcluster.catalina.CatalinaContext$RequestListenerValve.invoke(CatalinaContext.java:261) [:1.1.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JaccContextValve.invoke(JaccContextValve.java:88) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.invoke(SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.java:100) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve.invoke(CachedConnectionValve.java:158) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.request.ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.invoke(ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.java:53) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:362) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:877) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:654) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:951) [:6.0.0.Final]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662) [:1.6.0_24]
Caused by: javax.xml.bind.MarshalException
 - with linked exception:
[Exception [EclipseLink-25003] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.2.0.v20110202-r8913): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.XMLMarshalException
Exception Description: An error occurred marshalling the object
Internal Exception: java.lang.NullPointerException]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.JAXBMarshaller.marshal(JAXBMarshaller.java:314) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractRootElementProvider.writeTo(AbstractRootElementProvider.java:179) [:1.6]
    at com.sun.jersey.core.provider.jaxb.AbstractRootElementProvider.writeTo(AbstractRootElementProvider.java:157) [:1.6]
    ... 36 more
Caused by: Exception [EclipseLink-25003] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.2.0.v20110202-r8913): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.XMLMarshalException
Exception Description: An error occurred marshalling the object
Internal Exception: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.XMLMarshalException.marshalException(XMLMarshalException.java:78) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java:516) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.JAXBMarshaller.marshal(JAXBMarshaller.java:312) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    ... 38 more
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.record.OutputStreamRecord.outputStreamWrite(OutputStreamRecord.java:511) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.record.OutputStreamRecord.openStartElement(OutputStreamRecord.java:159) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.startElement(XPathNode.java:330) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.marshalSingleValue(XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.java:185) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.marshal(XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.java:116) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.NodeValue.marshal(NodeValue.java:104) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.record.ObjectMarshalContext.marshal(ObjectMarshalContext.java:60) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.marshal(XPathNode.java:322) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.TreeObjectBuilder.marshalAttributes(TreeObjectBuilder.java:338) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.startElement(XPathNode.java:344) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.marshalSingleValue(XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.java:167) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.marshal(XMLCompositeObjectMappingNodeValue.java:116) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.NodeValue.marshal(NodeValue.java:104) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.record.ObjectMarshalContext.marshal(ObjectMarshalContext.java:60) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.marshal(XPathNode.java:322) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.TreeObjectBuilder.buildRow(TreeObjectBuilder.java:325) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XMLAnyObjectMappingNodeValue.marshalSingleValue(XMLAnyObjectMappingNodeValue.java:154) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XMLAnyObjectMappingNodeValue.marshal(XMLAnyObjectMappingNodeValue.java:70) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.NodeValue.marshal(NodeValue.java:104) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.record.ObjectMarshalContext.marshal(ObjectMarshalContext.java:60) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.marshal(XPathNode.java:322) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.TreeObjectBuilder.buildRow(TreeObjectBuilder.java:325) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java:932) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java:486) [:2.2.0.v20110202-r8913]
    ... 39 more

有没有办法生成所需的XML,同时最小化样板并保持DRY？

解决方法:

您看到的问题是由于Metro(参考实现)和EclipseLink MOXy JAXB实现中的错误.相关的MOXy错误是：

> https://bugs.eclipse.org/344539

关于您的用例需要注意的一点是,由于类型擦除,JAXB实现将把value属性视为Object类型.这意味着编组操作对您有用,但是解组操作会将值作为String返回.这就是为什么如果使用@XmlElement注释值字段,则将包含xsi：type信息以保留类型信息：

> @XmlRootElement and <T extends Serializable> throws IllegalAnnotationExceptions

MOXy解决方法

您可以通过利用以下XmlAdapter来解决MOXy错误：

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlAdapter;

public class ObjectAdapter extends XmlAdapter<Object, Object> {

    @Override
    public Object unmarshal(Object v) throws Exception {
        return v;
    }

    @Override
    public Object marshal(Object v) throws Exception {
        return v;
    }

}

XML Adapter在您的媒体资源上注册如下：

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSeeAlso;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlTransient;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlJavaTypeAdapter;

@XmlTransient
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlSeeAlso(Foo.class)
abstract class Wrapper<T> {

    @XmlAttribute
    @XmlJavaTypeAdapter(ObjectAdapter.class)
    private T value;

    Wrapper() {} // default ctor for JAXB

    public Wrapper(T t) {
        value = t;
    }

}

标签：java,jaxb,moxy,java-metro-framework
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20190630/1339221.html