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JavaScript在web自动化中的应用

作者:互联网

JavaScript在web自动化中的应用

某些特殊情况下,使用selenium的api无法操作页面元素,可以考虑通过执行js来完成。

使用方式一(不传参):

JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
jse.executeScript("...");

使用方式二(传参):

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(xx));
JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
jse.executeScript("arguments[0]...", element);

使用场景:

1、设置/去处元素属性

setAttribute/removeAttribute

元素属性移除前,autocomplete属性值为off:

image

元素属性移除后,autocomplete属性消失:

image

控制台命令:

var ele = document.getElementById('train_date');
ele.removeAttribute('autocomplete');

// 也可以不用变量接收,直接链式调用,效果是一样的
document.getElementById('train_date').removeAttribute('autocomplete');

image


代码:

@Test
public void testDemo() throws InterruptedException {
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("https://www.12306.cn/index/");
    String attributeBefore = driver.findElement(By.id("train_date")).getAttribute("autocomplete");
    System.out.println("移除之前的autocomplete的属性值:" + attributeBefore);
    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
    jse.executeScript("document.getElementById('train_date').removeAttribute('autocomplete');");
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    String attributeAfter = driver.findElement(By.id("train_date")).getAttribute("autocomplete");
    if (attributeAfter.equals("")) {
      System.out.println("移除之后的autocomplete的属性不存在");
    }
}

2、页面滚动

window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight); 滚动到页面最底部

window.scrollTo(document.body.scrollHeight,0); 滚动到页面最顶部

element.scrollIntoViewIfNeeded(true); 滚动到指定元素的位置

arguments[0].scrollIntoView(); 移动到元素element对象的“顶端”与当前窗口的“顶部”对齐

arguments[0].scrollIntoView(false); 移动到元素element对象的“底端”与当前窗口的“底部”对齐


滚动到页面最底部:

@Test
public void testDemo() throws InterruptedException {
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("https://www.12306.cn/index/");
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
    jse.executeScript("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)");
}

滚动到指定元素的位置:

@Test
public void test003() throws InterruptedException {
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("https://www.12306.cn/index/");
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
  	// 滚动到最新发布元素
    jse.executeScript("document.getElementById('index_ads').scrollIntoViewIfNeeded(true);");
}

3、元素无法被点击

当我们在操作点击元素时候,偶尔会遇到元素无法通过click()方法点击的问题,这种情况我们可以借助javaScript来点击

报错:Element xxx is not clickable at point, Other element would receive the click

// 传入单个参数
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("XXX"));
JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
jse.executeScript("arguments[0].click()", element);

// 传入多个参数, element在str后面,改动arguments数组里面的需要点击元素的位置
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("XXX"));
String str = "Bye-Bye";
JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
jse.executeScript("arguments[1].click()", str, element);

案例:课堂派新版登录按钮

代码:

@Test
public void testDemo() throws InterruptedException {
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("https://www.ketangpai.com/#/homePage");
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//span[text()='登录']"));
    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
    // 点击登录
    jse.executeScript("arguments[0].click()", element);
}

4、高亮显示

传参数:

element = arguments[0];element.setAttribute('style', 'outline:red dashed 2px;') 外轮廓2px宽的红色虚线

不传参:

document.getElementById('train_date').style.border="2px solid red"; 边界为2px宽的红色实线


传参代码:

@Test
public void test005() throws InterruptedException {
      WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      driver.get("https://www.12306.cn/index/");
      driver.manage().window().maximize();
      Thread.sleep(3000);
      JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
      WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("train_date"));
      jse.executeScript("element = arguments[0];element.setAttribute('style', 'outline:red dashed 2px;')", element);
}

不传参代码:

@Test
public void testDemo() throws InterruptedException {
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("https://www.12306.cn/index/");
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
    // 高亮显示
    jse.executeScript("document.getElementById('train_date').style.border=\"2px solid red\";");
}

标签:web,executeScript,jse,JavascriptExecutor,JavaScript,driver,element,autocomplete,
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/91boge/p/16154904.html