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【算法题】获取单向链表中倒数第 N 个节点

作者:互联网

思路:

单向链表中,获取正数第 N 个节点的方法,只需要从 head 向后前进 N 步即可。

 代码:

In [1]: class Node:
   ...:     def __init__(self, value, next=None):
   ...:         self.value = value
   ...:         self.next = next

In [2]: def get(n, head):
   ...:     node = head
   ...:     for i in range(n):
   ...:         node = node.next
   ...:     return node.value

# 定义一个链表 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> 6 -> None
In [3]: node6 = Node(6)
   ...: node5 = Node(5, node6)
   ...: node4 = Node(4, node5)
   ...: node3 = Node(3, node4)
   ...: node2 = Node(2, node3)
   ...: node1 = Node(1, node2)

In [4]: get(0, node1)
Out[4]: 1
In [5]: get(1, node1)
Out[5]: 2
In [6]: get(4, node1)
Out[6]: 5

获取反向第 N 个节点。

因为单向链表无法获取当前节点之前的数据信息。所以1个指针无法完成这个工作,需要第二个指针,在第一个节点出发 N 步之后再出发,这样在第一个指针到达链表终点的时候, 第二个指针停留的位置即是倒数第 N 个节点。

下图展示了求倒数第三个节点的过程:

 代码:

In [1]: class Node:
   ...:     def __init__(self, value, next=None):
   ...:         self.value = value
   ...:         self.next = next

# 定义一个链表 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> 6 -> None
In [2]: node6 = Node(6)
   ...: node5 = Node(5, node6)
   ...: node4 = Node(4, node5)
   ...: node3 = Node(3, node4)
   ...: node2 = Node(2, node3)
   ...: node1 = Node(1, node2)

In [3]: def get_reverse(n, head):
   ...:     pnt_a = pnt_b = head
   ...:     # 指针 a 先走 N 步
   ...:     try:
   ...:         for i in range(n):
   ...:             pnt_a = pnt_a.next
   ...:     # 当链表长度小于 N 时, 返回 None
   ...:     except AttributeError:
   ...:         return None
   ...:     # 两个指针开始同步前进,直到指针 a 到达终点
   ...:     while pnt_a:
   ...:         pnt_a = pnt_a.next
   ...:         pnt_b = pnt_b.next
   ...:     return pnt_b.value

In [4]: get_reverse(1, node1)
Out[4]: 6

In [5]: get_reverse(3, node1)
Out[5]: 4

In [6]: get_reverse(10, node1)

标签:Node,...,get,单向,pnt,value,next,链表,倒数第
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/be5yond/article/details/120410648