SpringCloud (Finchley版本)教程(三):服务消费者(Feign)
作者:互联网
上一篇文章,讲述了如何通过RestTemplate+Ribbon去消费服务,这篇文章主要讲述如何通过Feign去消费服务。
一、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之:
Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
Feign 整合了ribbon,具有负载均衡的能力
整合了Hystrix,具有熔断的能力
二、准备工作
继续用上一节的工程, 启动eureka-server,端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次,端口分别为8762 、8773.
三、创建一个feign的服务
新建一个spring-boot工程,取名为serice-feign,在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client、Web的起步依赖spring-boot-starter-web,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.liu</groupId> <artifactId>SpringCloudLearn01</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <groupId>com.liu.example</groupId> <artifactId>serice-feign</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>serice-feign</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
在工程的配置文件application.yml文件,指定程序名为service-feign,端口号为8765,服务注册地址为http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,代码如下:
server: port: 8765 spring: application: name: service-feign eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能:
package com.liu.example.sericefeign; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient //不能缺少的 @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class SericeFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SericeFeignApplication.class, args); } }
定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
package com.liu.example.sericefeign.service; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; @FeignClient(value = "service-client") public interface SchedualServiceHi { @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name); }
在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个"/hi"的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下:
package com.liu.example.sericefeign.controller; import com.liu.example.sericefeign.service.SchedualServiceHi; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; @RestController public class HelloController { @Autowired public SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi; @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){ return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name); } }
启动程序,多次访问http://localhost:8765/hi?name=forezp,浏览器交替显示:
hello! 我的端口号是:8762
hello! 我的端口号是:8763
源码下载:https://github.com/MrLiu1227/MySpringCloud.git
标签:Feign,spring,SpringCloud,springframework,Finchley,org,import,cloud 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/liuyuan1227/p/11220266.html