模拟CA自签证书
作者：互联网
第一部分，配置CA的工作环境
1、 配置CA工作配置文件
vim /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
[ CA_default ] # CA的配置信息
dir = /etc/pki/CA # Where everything is kept ,CA的工作目录
certs = $dir/certs # Where the issued certs are kept, 证书的保持目录
crl_dir = $dir/crl # Where the issued crl are kept ，证书吊销目录
database = $dir/index.txt # database index file.，证书的列表
#unique_subject = no # Set to 'no' to allow creation of
# several ctificates with same subject.
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts # default place for new certs.
certificate = $dir/cacert.pem # The CA certificate ，CA自己的证书
serial = $dir/serial # The current serial number ，签署的证书的序列号
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber # the current crl number
# must be commented out to leave a V1 CRL
crl = $dir/crl.pem # The current CRL ，
private_key = $dir/private/cakey.pem# The private key ，CA自己的私钥
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand # private random number file
x509_extensions = usr_cert # The extentions to add to the cert
# Comment out the following two lines for the "traditional"
# (and highly broken) format.
name_opt = ca_default # Subject Name options
cert_opt = ca_default # Certificate field options
default_days = 365 # how long to certify for
default_crl_days= 30 # how long before next CRL
default_md = sha256 # use SHA-256 by default
preserve = no # keep passed DN ordering
# A few difference way of specifying how similar the request should look
# For type CA, the listed attributes must be the same, and the optional
# and supplied fields are just that :-)
policy = policy_match
[ req_distinguished_name ] #请求者的默认信息,主机名和邮件不会默认
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default = CN
countryName_min = 2
countryName_max = 2
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default = GD
localityName = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default = SHENZHEN
0.organizationName = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default = SZXX
# we can do this but it is not needed normally :-)
#1.organizationName = Second Organization Name (eg, company)
#1.organizationName_default = World Wide Web Pty Ltd
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
organizationalUnitName_default = TECH
commonName = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
commonName_max = 64
emailAddress = Email Address
emailAddress_max = 64
# SET-ex3 = SET extension number 3
2、生成CA的私钥
cd /etc/pki/CA
(umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048) # 生成一个私钥
# ls private/
cakey.pem
openssl rsa -in cakey.pem -pubout # 从私钥中提取公钥
3、根据私钥生成CA自己的证书
openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 365 # 加上-x509 参数用来生成一个自签证书
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [GD]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [shengzhen]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [SZXX]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [IT]:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:ca.fish.com -- 这个名字非常重要，跟主机名或者DNS保持一致
Email Address []:caadmin@fish.com
# openssl x509 -text -in private/cakey.pem -- 查看证书中的信息
4、创建颁发证书时工作的目录和文件
mkdir certs crl newcerts
touch index.txt
echo 01 > serial
# tree .
.
├── cacert.pem
├── certs
├── crl
├── index.txt
├── newcerts
├── private
│ └── cakey.pem
├── serial
第二部分，准备客户端签发的证书请求
1、客户端生成私钥
mkdir /etc/httpd/ssl
cd /etc/httpd/ssl
(umask 077; openssl genrsa -out httpd.key 1024)
2、客户端生成证书请求
# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -out httpd.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [GD]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [shengzhen]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [SZXX]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [IT]:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.fish.com
Email Address []:wwwadmin@fish.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
3、CA 根据证书申请请求办法证书,此时客户端的证书请求一般是拷贝到CA服务器上的
openssl ca -in httpd.csr -out http.crt -days 365
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
Validity
Not Before: May 29 14:33:26 2019 GMT
Not After : May 28 14:33:26 2020 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = GD
organizationName = SZXX
organizationalUnitName = IT
commonName = www.fish.com
emailAddress = wwwadmin@fish.com
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
F6:61:F0:99:90:29:F7:66:5E:55:F9:D1:D0:7F:58:14:CA:53:0A:72
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:88:A4:07:29:65:16:7D:A0:87:26:B0:0D:AC:22:DB:3A:5A:12:FF:20
Certificate is to be certified until May 28 14:33:26 2020 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3840 May 29 22:34 http.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 696 May 29 22:32 httpd.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 887 May 29 22:29 httpd.key
3、此时CA的情况
# cat /etc/pki/CA/index.txt
V 200528143326Z 01 unknown /C=CN/ST=GD/O=SZXX/OU=IT/CN=www.fish.com/emailAddress=wwwadmin@fish.com
# cat /etc/pki/CA/serial
02标签：Name,default,CA,pem,模拟,签证,eg,dir 来源： https://blog.51cto.com/395469372/2402377