Percona XtraDB Cluster(PXC 5.7)实战
作者：互联网
一、环境准备
1.1、环境准备
192.168.247.121 pxc-01 2vcpu 2G 100G centos7.9 192.168.247.122 pxc-02 2vcpu 2G 100G centos7.9 192.168.247.123 pxc-03 2vcpu 2G 100G centos7.9 192.168.247.124 pxc-04 2vcpu 2G 100G centos7.9
1.2、初始化虚机环境
#!/bin/bash #安装所需要的包 yum install -y wget curl chrony net-tools #配置时间同步 cat > /etc/chrony.conf <<EOF server ntp.aliyun.com iburst stratumweight 0 driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift rtcsync makestep 10 3 bindcmdaddress 127.0.0.1 bindcmdaddress ::1 keyfile /etc/chrony.keys commandkey 1 generatecommandkey logchange 0.5 logdir /var/log/chrony EOF #启动chronyd服务 systemctl enable chrony && systemctl start chrony #关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld #设置时区 timedatectl set-timezone "Asia/Shanghai" #清清除iptables防火墙规则 iptables -F && iptables -X && iptables -Z
1.3、在四台节点配置hosts、pxc.repo
cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF 192.168.247.121 pxc-01 192.168.247.122 pxc-02 192.168.247.123 pxc-03 192.168.247.124 pxc-04 EOF
配置pxc源 cat /etc/yum.repos.d/pxc.repo [percona] name=percona_repo baseurl = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/percona/release/$releasever/RPMS/$basearch enabled = 1 gpgcheck = 0 yum makecache
二、安装配置pxc服务
2.1、在前三个节点安装pxc5.7
[root@pxc-01 ~]# yum install -y Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57 [root@pxc-02 ~]# yum install -y Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57 [root@pxc-03 ~]# yum install -y Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57
2.2、配置pxc集群节点
pxc-01配置
[root@pxc-01 ~]# cat /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf # Template my.cnf for PXC # Edit to your requirements. [client] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id=121 datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid log-bin log_slave_updates expire_logs_days=7 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 [root@pxc-01 ~]#
[root@pxc-01 ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.247.121,192.168.247.122,192.168.247.123 binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_node_address=192.168.247.121 wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-1 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" [root@pxc-01 ~]#
pxc-02配置
[root@pxc-02 ~]# cat /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf # Template my.cnf for PXC # Edit to your requirements. [client] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id=122 datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid log-bin log_slave_updates expire_logs_days=7 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 [root@pxc-02 ~]#
[root@pxc-02 ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.247.121,192.168.247.122,192.168.247.123 binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_node_address=192.168.247.122 wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-2 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" [root@pxc-02 ~]#
pxc-03配置
[root@pxc-03 ~]# cat /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf # Template my.cnf for PXC # Edit to your requirements. [client] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id=123 datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid log-bin log_slave_updates expire_logs_days=7 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 [root@pxc-03 ~]#
[root@pxc-03 ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.247.121,192.168.247.122,192.168.247.123 binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_node_address=192.168.247.123 wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-3 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" [root@pxc-03 ~]#
2.3、启动第一个节点
systemctl start mysql@bootstrap.service
[root@pxc-01 ~]# ss -ntul Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port udp UNCONN 0 0 127.0.0.1:323 *:* udp UNCONN 0 0 [::1]:323 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* [root@pxc-01 ~]# systemctl start mysql@bootstrap.service [root@pxc-01 ~]# ss -ntul Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port udp UNCONN 0 0 127.0.0.1:323 *:* udp UNCONN 0 0 [::1]:323 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:* [root@pxc-01 ~]#
2.4、查看root密码
[root@pxc-01 ~]# grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2022-09-05T13:07:00.041247Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9lnSeeBzg4*z [root@pxc-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 5.7.39-42-57-log Copyright (c) 2009-2022 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql>
2.5、修改数据密码
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'magedu';
CREATE USER 'sstuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 's3cretPass';
GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'sstuser'@'localhost';
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'magedu'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> CREATE USER 'sstuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 's3cretPass'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'sstuser'@'localhost'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>
2.6、查看相关状态变量
mysql> show status like 'wsrep%'; +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | wsrep_local_state_uuid | a72ed4d9-2d1b-11ed-8c3a-cf03895c255d | | wsrep_protocol_version | 9 | | wsrep_last_applied | 3 | | wsrep_last_committed | 3 | | wsrep_replicated | 3 | | wsrep_replicated_bytes | 760 | | wsrep_repl_keys | 3 | | wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 96 | | wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 463 | | wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_received | 2 | | wsrep_received_bytes | 157 | | wsrep_local_commits | 0 | | wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 | | wsrep_local_replays | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_cached_downto | 1 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 | | wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 100, 100 ] | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 100 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 100 | | wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF | | wsrep_flow_control_active | false | | wsrep_flow_control_requested | false | | wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 1.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_apply_waits | 0 | | wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_local_state | 4 | | wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced | | wsrep_cert_index_size | 1 | | wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 | | wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 2200 | | wsrep_causal_reads | 0 | | wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 | | wsrep_open_transactions | 0 | | wsrep_open_connections | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_status | | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 | | wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.247.121:3306 | | wsrep_cluster_weight | 1 | | wsrep_desync_count | 0 | | wsrep_evs_delayed | | | wsrep_evs_evict_list | | | wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 0/0/0/0/0 | | wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL | | wsrep_gcomm_uuid | a7290a87-2d1b-11ed-905b-eb41545e93c1 | | wsrep_gmcast_segment | 0 | | wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 1 | | wsrep_cluster_size | 1 | | wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | a72ed4d9-2d1b-11ed-8c3a-cf03895c255d | | wsrep_cluster_status | Primary | | wsrep_connected | ON | | wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 | | wsrep_local_index | 0 | | wsrep_provider_name | Galera | | wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> | | wsrep_provider_version | 3.61(rf47405c) | | wsrep_ready | ON | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ 75 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
2.7、启动其他pxc节点
[root@pxc-02 ~]# systemctl start mysql [root@pxc-03 ~]# systemctl start mysql
查看集群节点
2.8、在pxc-01上创建新的数据库
[root@pxc-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmagedu mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 14 Server version: 5.7.39-42-57-log Percona XtraDB Cluster (GPL), Release rel42, Revision 2186a14, WSREP version 31.61, wsrep_31.61 Copyright (c) 2009-2022 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> mysql> mysql> create database testdb1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | testdb1 | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
在 pxc-02查看数据是否同步
在pxc-03查看数据是否同步
2.9、利用xshell软件，同时在三个节点数据库写
这时发现只有一个节点成功，其他节点都提示失败，说明pxc集群所有节点可以同时进行数据库写操作
四、pxc集群节点扩容
4.1、将pxc-04节点加入集群
[root@pxc-04 ~]# yum install -y Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57
[root@pxc-04 ~]# cat /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf # Template my.cnf for PXC # Edit to your requirements. [client] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id=124 datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid log-bin log_slave_updates expire_logs_days=7 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 [root@pxc-04 ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.247.121,192.168.247.122,192.168.247.123,192.168.247.124 binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_node_address=192.168.247.124 wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-4 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" [root@pxc-04 ~]#
4.2、启动mysql服务
4.3、查看集群节点信息
更改其他机器wsrep配置文件
[root@pxc-01 ~]# vi /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.247.121,192.168.247.122,192.168.247.123,192.168.247.124 [root@pxc-02 ~]# vi /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [root@pxc-03 ~]# vi /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf
五、模拟故障
5.1、依次停止pxc-02、pxc-03
5.2、此时集群wrsep_cluster_size数变为3
5.3、 停止pxc-03
5.4、分别启动pxc-02、pxc-03
5.5、创建新的数据库，检查是否同步
5.6、测试数据库写
cat testlog.sql
create table testlog (id int auto_increment primary key,name char(10),salary int default 20);
delimiter $$
create procedure sp_testlog()
begin
declare i int;
set i = 1;
while i <= 100000
do insert into testlog(name,salary) values (concat('wang',FLOOR(RAND() * 100000)),FLOOR(RAND() * 1000000));
set i = i +1;
end while;
end$$
delimiter ;
pxc写10万条数据测试
[root@pxc-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmagedu mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 18 Server version: 5.7.39-42-57-log Percona XtraDB Cluster (GPL), Release rel42, Revision 2186a14, WSREP version 31.61, wsrep_31.61 Copyright (c) 2009-2022 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show database; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1 mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | testdb1 | | testdb2 | | testdb3 | | testdb4 | +--------------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use db Database changed mysql> source /root/testlog.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show tables; +--------------+ | Tables_in_db | +--------------+ | testlog | +--------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> call sp_testlog; Query OK, 1 row affected (4 min 32.10 sec) mysql> select count(*) from testlog; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 100000 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
单机测试
[root@mysql-8-0-26 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.26 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| employees |
| hellodb |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use hellodb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes |
| coc |
| courses |
| emp |
| scores |
| students |
| t1 |
| t2 |
| teachers |
| testlog |
| toc |
+-------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop tables testlog;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> source /root/testlog.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
ERROR 1304 (42000): PROCEDURE sp_testlog already exists
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes |
| coc |
| courses |
| emp |
| scores |
| students |
| t1 |
| t2 |
| teachers |
| testlog |
| toc |
+-------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from testlog
-> ;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> call sp_testlog;
Query OK, 1 row affected (1 min 18.78 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from testlog;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 100000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
总结: pxc集群对比单机，pxc高可用性占优势，但是写性能比较差，因为写需要进行数据校验，每写一条，需要进行一一同步。
5.7、pxc集群多机测试
pxc集群支持多机同时写，不会发生冲突~
标签：log,5.7,wsrep,cluster,Cluster,Percona,mysql,pxc,root 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/cyh00001/p/16659790.html