Winfrom实现串口通信工具
作者：互联网
一、简介
要想实现该功能，需要对C#有一些基本的了解
二、实现步骤
2.1 实例化一个SerialPort 对象
SerialPort ComPort = new SerialPort();
2.2设置串口参数
ComPort.PortName = “COM3”;//串口号 ComPort.BaudRate = 9600;//波特率 ComPort.Parity = Parity.Even;//校验位 ComPort.DataBits = 8;//数据位长度 ComPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;//停止位
2.3打开串口
public void Open()
{
ComPort.Open();
ComPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(m_Serial_DataReceived);
}
public void m_Serial_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);
try
{
byte[] byteRead = new byte[ComPort.BytesToRead];
ComPort.Read(byteRead, 0, byteRead.Length);
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
打开串口时，订阅DataReceived事件，当串口接收到数据时，就会调用方法 m_Serial_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)，使用 SerialPort.Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)将数据从缓存区中取出来；
2.4 发送数据 使用SerialPort.Write(string text)发送数据
public bool SendDate(string str)
{
try
{
if (ComPort.IsOpen)
{
ComPort.Write(str);
}
else
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return false;
}
}
2.5 关闭串口 使用SerialPort..Close()，并且取消事件订阅
public void Close()
{
ComPort.Close();
ComPort.DataReceived -= new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(m_Serial_DataReceived);
}
三、使用Winfrom实现
3.1 界面实现
3.2 后台代码实现
3.2.1 新建类UsualCom，将SerialPort实习的收发等功能放在该类里实现
public class UsualCom
{
public SerialPort ComPort;
static ReaderWriterLockSlim LogWriteLock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
public UI m_ui = null;
public UsualCom(UI ui)
{
ComPort = new SerialPort();
ComPort.WriteBufferSize = 1024;
m_ui = ui;
}
public bool IsOpen
{
get { return ComPort.IsOpen; }
}
public string PortName
{
get { return ComPort.PortName; }
set { ComPort.PortName = value; }
}
public int BaudRate
{
get { return ComPort.BaudRate; }
set { ComPort.BaudRate = value; }
}
public Parity Parity
{
get { return ComPort.Parity; }
set { ComPort.Parity = value; }
}
public int DataBits
{
get { return ComPort.DataBits; }
set { ComPort.DataBits = value; }
}
public int ReadTimeout
{
get { return ComPort.ReadTimeout; }
set { ComPort.ReadTimeout = value; }
}
public int WriteTimeout
{
get { return ComPort.WriteTimeout; }
set { ComPort.WriteTimeout = value; }
}
public StopBits StopBits
{
get { return ComPort.StopBits; }
set { ComPort.StopBits = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 串口发送
/// </summary>
public bool SendDate(byte[] Buff, int nplace)
{
try
{
if (ComPort.IsOpen)
{
ComPort.Write(Buff, 0, nplace);
}
else
{
return false;// Open();
}
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return false;
}
}
public bool SendDate(string str)
{
try
{
if (ComPort.IsOpen)
{
ComPort.Write(str);
}
else
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return false;
}
}
public void Open()
{
ComPort.Open();
ComPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(m_Serial_DataReceived);
}
public void Close()
{
ComPort.Close();
ComPort.DataReceived -= new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(m_Serial_DataReceived);
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化打开串口
/// </summary>
public bool InitOpenPort()
{
if (IsOpen)
{
Close();
}
try
{
Open();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Close();
return false;
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭串口
/// </summary>
public bool CloseOpenPort()
{
try
{
if (IsOpen)
{
Close();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// 串口接收
/// </summary>
public void m_Serial_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);
try
{
byte[] byteRead = new byte[ComPort.BytesToRead];
ComPort.Read(byteRead, 0, byteRead.Length);
string msg = "";
msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(byteRead);
msg = ByteArray2String(byteRead) + "\r\n";
putlog(msg);
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 实现界面信息打印
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg"></param>
public void putlog(string msg)
{
string s = "";
s = DateTime.Now.ToString("[yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss fff]") + " " + msg + s + "\r\n";
m_ui.ShowMsgToFormMain(s);
WriteLog(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// 日志打印
/// </summary>
/// <param name="logstr"></param>
private static void WriteLog(string logstr)
{
try
{
LogWriteLock.EnterReadLock();
string sFilePath = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + "\\log\\" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMM");
string sFileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd") + ".log";
sFileName = sFilePath + "\\" + sFileName; //文件的绝对路径
if (!Directory.Exists(sFilePath))//验证路径是否存在
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(sFilePath);
//不存在则创建
}
FileStream fs;
StreamWriter sw;
if (File.Exists(sFileName))
{
fs = new FileStream(sFileName, FileMode.Append, FileAccess.Write);
}
else
{
fs = new FileStream(sFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
}
sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
sw.Write(logstr);
sw.Close();
fs.Close();
}
catch
{ }
}
public string ByteArray2String(byte[] buff)
{
string s = "";
for (int i = 0; i < buff.Length; i++)
{
s += buff[i].ToString("X2") + " ";
}
return s;
}
public byte[] string2ByteL(string value)
{
string send = value.Replace(" ", "");
int length = send.Length / 2;
byte[] rtu = new byte[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
rtu[i] = Bin2BCD(send.Substring(i * 2, 2));
}
return rtu;
}
public byte Bin2BCD(string binValue)
{
int Value = Convert.ToInt32(binValue, 16);
return (byte)Value;
}
public string ByteArray2Ascii(byte[] value)
{
string s = "";
for (int i = 0; i < value.Length; i++)
{
s += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(value);
}
return s;
}
}
3.2.2 将需要通知到UI线程的委托事件也放置在UI类里面
public class UI
{
public delegate void ShowMsg(string msg);
public event ShowMsg OnShowMsg;
public void ShowMsgToFormMain(string msg)
{
OnShowMsg(msg);
}
}
3.2.3 窗体后台代码
public partial class MainForm : Form
{
public delegate void ShowData(string msg);
private UI m_UI = null;
private UsualCom gzComport = null;
public MainForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
Initcontrol();
}
private void Initcontrol()
{
string[] str = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames();
foreach (string s in str)
{
cboxPort.Items.Add(s);
}
int[] Bps = { 9600, 57600, 115200, 256000, 512000, 921600, 1228800 };
List<int> listBps = new List<int>(Bps);
foreach (int T in listBps)
{
cboxBandRate.Items.Add(T);
}
float[] Spb = { 1, 2 };
foreach (float B in Spb)
{
cboxStopBit.Items.Add(B);
}
string[] strParity = { "无校验", "奇校验", "偶校验" };
foreach (string st in strParity)
{
cboxParity.Items.Add(st);
}
cboxStopBit.SelectedIndex = Settings.Default.cboxStopBit;
cboxBandRate.SelectedIndex = Settings.Default.cboxBandRate;
cboxPort.SelectedIndex = Settings.Default.cboxPort;
cboxParity.SelectedIndex = Settings.Default.cboxParity;
rbtnHexModeS1.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeS1;
rbtnHexModeS2.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeS2;
rbtnHexModeS3.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeS3;
rbtnTextModeS1.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeS1;
rbtnTextModeS2.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeS2;
rbtnTextModeS3.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeS3;
rbtnHexModeR.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeR;
rbtnTextModeR.Checked = Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeR;
m_UI = new UI();
gzComport = new UsualCom(m_UI);
m_UI.OnShowMsg += ShowMsgInvoke;
}
/// <summary>
/// 保存参数
/// </summary>
public void Save()
{
Settings.Default.cboxPort = cboxPort.SelectedIndex;
Settings.Default.cboxBandRate = cboxBandRate.SelectedIndex;
Settings.Default.cboxParity = cboxParity.SelectedIndex;
Settings.Default.cboxParity = cboxParity.SelectedIndex;
Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeS1 = rbtnHexModeS1.Checked;
Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeS2 = rbtnHexModeS2.Checked;
Settings.Default.rbtnHexModeS3 = rbtnHexModeS3.Checked;
Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeS1 = rbtnTextModeS1.Checked;
Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeS2 = rbtnTextModeS2.Checked;
Settings.Default.rbtnTextModeS3 = rbtnTextModeS3.Checked;
Settings.Default.Save();
}
private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (cboxPort.Items.Count <= 0)
{
MessageBox.Show("没有发现串口，请检查端口!");
return;
}
if (btnOpen.Text == "打开串口")
{
gzComport.PortName = cboxPort.SelectedItem.ToString();
gzComport.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cboxBandRate.SelectedItem);
gzComport.DataBits = 8;
switch (cboxParity.SelectedIndex)
{
case 0:
gzComport.Parity = Parity.None;
break;
case 1:
gzComport.Parity = Parity.Odd;
break;
case 2:
gzComport.Parity = Parity.Even;
break;
default: break;
}
switch (cboxStopBit.SelectedIndex)
{
case 0:
gzComport.StopBits = StopBits.One;
break;
case 1:
gzComport.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
break;
case 2:
gzComport.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
break;
case 3:
gzComport.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
break;
default: break;
}
gzComport.ReadTimeout = 1000;
gzComport.WriteTimeout = 1000;
if (gzComport.InitOpenPort())
{
gzComport.putlog("打开串口成功");
}
else
{
gzComport.putlog("打开串口失败");
}
cboxPort.Enabled = false;
cboxBandRate.Enabled = false;
cboxStopBit.Enabled = false;
cboxParity.Enabled = false;
btnOpen.Text = "关闭串口";
}
else if (btnOpen.Text == "关闭串口")
{
if (gzComport.CloseOpenPort())
{
gzComport.putlog("串口关闭成功");
}
cboxPort.Enabled = true;
cboxBandRate.Enabled = true;
cboxStopBit.Enabled = true;
cboxParity.Enabled = true;
btnOpen.Text = "打开串口";
}
Save();//保存参数
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据发送
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cmd"> 命令</param>
/// <param name="check"> 模式</param>
public void SendData(string cmd, bool mode)
{
if (cmd == "" || cmd == string.Empty)
{
return;
}
gzComport.putlog(cmd + "\r\n");
if (mode)
{
gzComport.SendDate(cmd);
}
else
{
gzComport.SendDate(gzComport.string2ByteL(cmd), gzComport.string2ByteL(cmd).Length);
}
}
private void btnSend1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string cmd = rtbDataSend1.Text.Trim();
SendData(cmd, rbtnTextModeS1.Checked);
}
private void btnSend2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string cmd = rtbDataSend2.Text.Trim();
SendData(cmd, rbtnTextModeS2.Checked);
}
private void btnSend3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string cmd = rtbDataSend3.Text.Trim();
SendData(cmd, rbtnTextModeS3.Checked);
}
public void ShowMsgInvoke(string msg)
{
if (this.rtbDataR.InvokeRequired)
{
ShowData show = new ShowData(ShowMsgInvoke);
this.rtbDataR.Invoke(show, new object[] { msg });
}
else
{
this.rtbDataR.AppendText(msg);
this.rtbDataR.SelectionStart = rtbDataR.Text.Length;
this.rtbDataR.SelectionLength = 0;
this.rtbDataR.ScrollToCaret();
}
}
private void btnClear1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
rtbDataSend1.Clear();
}
private void btnClear2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
rtbDataSend2.Clear();
}
private void btnClear3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
rtbDataSend3.Clear();
}
private void btnRecClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
rtbDataR.Clear();
}
}
四、实现效果 （界面上的功能并非全部实现）
标签：return,string,Settings,Winfrom,void,ComPort,通信,串口,public 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/just-like/p/16406610.html