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解析ansible远程管理客户端【win终端为例】

作者:互联网

一、前提:

1.1、windows机器开启winrm服务,并设置成允许远程连接状态

具体操作命令如下

set-executionpolicy remotesigned
winrm quickconfig
#配置auth
winrm set winrm/config/service/auth '@{Basic="true"}'
#为winrm service 配置加密方式为允许非加密
winrm set winrm/config/service '@{AllowUnencrypted="true"}'

 在windows powershell中运行

1.2、准备条件

  1. 管理终端必须为linux,且需要安装 Python的winrm模块

  2. 底层通讯基于 powershell,版本需要在4.0以上  $PSVersionTable.PSVersion获取版本号  或者  get-host | findstr version   

  3. 远程windows机器开启winrm

二、ansible管理机部署安装

2.1、linux管理主机的系统是 CentOS7.4版本

安装配置ansible:

安装ansible:

yum -y install ansible

如果没有安装pip, 请先安装对应于你的Python版本的pip:

easy_install pip

以下的Python模块也需要安装:

pip install PyYAML

配置hosts文件:

cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[windows]
10.0.0.1 ansible_ssh_user="Administrator" ansible_ssh_pass="123456" ansible_ssh_port=5985 ansible_connection="winrm" ansible_winrm_server_cert_validation=ignore

10.0.0.1 是windows服务器的IP。
/etc/ansible/hosts 中看可添加多个windows服务器的信息 ,可集体一次性管理,分发任务。
至此,ansible服务端配置完毕。

 2.2、windows被控制机器为win 10

设置windows远程管理【WS-Management,winrm】

winrm service 默认都是未启用的状态,先查看状态;如无返回信息,则是没有启动;
winrm enumerate winrm/config/listener

 针对winrm service 进行配置

针对winrm service 进行配置

winrm winrm quickconfig
# 输入 y 回车

为 winrm 配置 auth

# 为winrm service 配置auth:
winrm set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic="true"}

为winrm service 配置加密方式为允许非加密

winrm set winrm/config/service '@{AllowUnencrypted="true"}'

关闭防火墙,并查看5985端口是否开启,并在监听中

netstat -ano | findstr 5985

 2.3、测试ansible和客户端的连接性与稳定性

windows下可用调试模块 win_ping

ansible -i hosts all -m win_ping
显示连接成功
 SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"

 windows下可用传送文件模块  win_copy

ansible -i hosts all -m win_copy -a 'src=/etc/passwd dest=D:\passwd'

 windows下 文件管理模块 win_file

删除D:\passwd
ansible -i hosts all -m win_file -a "path=D:\passwd state=absent"

获取ip地址
ansible -i hosts all -m raw -a "ipconfig"

获取window主机信息:
ansible -i hosts all -m setup

创建文件夹:
ansible -i hosts all -m raw -a 'md D:\dir'

移动文件:
ansible -i hosts all -m raw -a "cmd /c 'move /y D:\Software\wmi_export.exe D:\wmi_export.exe'"

 三、具体windows机器管理模块

参考 https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/2.9/modules/list_of_windows_modules.html

ansible中 windows 和 linux 机器模块大同小异,windows除了模块名字前面多个 “win_”,除去这个后完全可以用于linux。

3.1、win_ping — 检测主机是否可以通

一般用来测试windows机器是否可以用ansible管理,结果是 pong 则证明可以正常连接

# Test connectivity to a windows host
# ansible winserver -m win_ping

- name: Example from an Ansible Playbook
  win_ping:

- name: Induce an exception to see what happens  # 异常查看
  win_ping:
    data: crash

 3.2、win_command — 在win节点上执行口令

一般执行单个命令,不支持管道符,例如查看一个ip     ansible winserver -m win_command -a "ipconfig"

- name: Save the result of 'whoami' in 'whoami_out'
  win_command: whoami
  register: whoami_out

- name: Run command that only runs if folder exists and runs from a specific folder
  win_command: wbadmin -backupTarget:C:\backup\
  args:
    chdir: C:\somedir\
    creates: C:\backup\

- name: Run an executable and send data to the stdin for the executable
  win_command: powershell.exe
  args:
    stdin: Write-Host test

 3.3、win_shell — 在节点执行口令

与 win_command 不同的是,支持管道符,用powershell和cmd可以执行的命令,均可以批量执行

eg: ansible winserver -m win_shell -a "ipconfig | findstr IPv4"

# Execute a command in the remote shell; stdout goes to the specified
# file on the remote.
- win_shell: C:\somescript.ps1 >> C:\somelog.txt

# Change the working directory to somedir/ before executing the command.
- win_shell: C:\somescript.ps1 >> C:\somelog.txt chdir=C:\somedir

# You can also use the 'args' form to provide the options. This command
# will change the working directory to somedir/ and will only run when
# somedir/somelog.txt doesn't exist.
- win_shell: C:\somescript.ps1 >> C:\somelog.txt
  args:
    chdir: C:\somedir
    creates: C:\somelog.txt

# Run a command under a non-Powershell interpreter (cmd in this case)
- win_shell: echo %HOMEDIR%
  args:
    executable: cmd
  register: homedir_out
# 查看环境变量这一步由于linux/profile的影响,不识别 “ % ”,故使用如下语法方可获取:
# ansible winserver -m raw -a 'echo $ENV:PATH'
- name: Run multi-lined shell commands
  win_shell: |
    $value = Test-Path -Path C:\temp
    if ($value) {
        Remove-Item -Path C:\temp -Force
    }
    New-Item -Path C:\temp -ItemType Directory

- name: Retrieve the input based on stdin
  win_shell: '$string = [Console]::In.ReadToEnd(); Write-Output $string.Trim()'
  args:
    stdin: Input message

3.4、win_file — 创建、移除文件或文件夹

创建文件或者文件夹,与linux不同的是 touch 创建文件 , directory创建文件夹

- name: Touch a file (creates if not present, updates modification time if present)
  win_file:
    path: C:\Temp\foo.conf
    state: touch

- name: Remove a file, if present
  win_file:
    path: C:\Temp\foo.conf
    state: absent

- name: Create directory structure
  win_file:
    path: C:\Temp\folder\subfolder
    state: directory

- name: Remove directory structure
  win_file:
    path: C:\Temp
    state: absent

 3.5、win_copy —复制文件到远程主机指定位置

# 将linux端的文件拷贝到win机器上,并修改文件名
- name: Copy a single file
  win_copy:
    src: /srv/myfiles/foo.conf
    dest: C:\Temp\renamed-foo.conf
# 拷贝文件到指定位置并修改名称和备份
- name: Copy a single file, but keep a backup
  win_copy:
    src: /srv/myfiles/foo.conf
    dest: C:\Temp\renamed-foo.conf
    backup: yes
# force=yes 文件重名是使用,参数表示为强制覆盖文件
# 设置远程主机文件的内容
- name: Set the contents of a file
  win_copy:
    content: abc123
    dest: C:\Temp\foo.txt
# 将单个文件复制给另一个用户
- name: Copy a single file as another user
  win_copy:
    src: NuGet.config
    dest: '%AppData%\NuGet\NuGet.config'
  vars:
    ansible_become_user: user
    ansible_become_password: pass
    # The tmp dir must be set when using win_copy as another user
    # This ensures the become user will have permissions for the operation
    # Make sure to specify a folder both the ansible_user and the become_user have access to (i.e not %TEMP% which is user specific and requires Admin)
    ansible_remote_tmp: 'c:\tmp'

 3.6、win_package — 安装或卸载安装包

product_id 产品id   arguments:安装用到的命令 例:/s 静默安装   state="present" :安装   state="absent" 卸载

# 安装 VC
- name: Install the Visual C thingy
  win_package:
    path: http://download.microsoft.com/download/1/6/B/16B06F60-3B20-4FF2-B699-5E9B7962F9AE/VSU_4/vcredist_x64.exe
    product_id: '{CF2BEA3C-26EA-32F8-AA9B-331F7E34BA97}'
    arguments: /install /passive /norestart
# 安装远程桌面 msi文件到远程主机
- name: Install Remote Desktop Connection Manager from msi
  win_package:
    path: https://download.microsoft.com/download/A/F/0/AF0071F3-B198-4A35-AA90-C68D103BDCCF/rdcman.msi
    product_id: '{0240359E-6A4C-4884-9E94-B397A02D893C}'
    state: present
# 卸载时只需要产品ID
- name: Uninstall Remote Desktop Connection Manager
  win_package:
    product_id: '{0240359E-6A4C-4884-9E94-B397A02D893C}'
    state: absent
# 从本地MSI卸载远程桌面连接管理器,省略product_id  
- name: Uninstall Remote Desktop Connection Manager from local MSI omitting the product_id
  win_package:
    path: C:\temp\rdcman.msi
    state: absent

# 7-Zip exe doesn't use a guid for the Product ID
- name: Install 7zip from a network share specifying the credentials
  win_package:
    path: \\domain\programs\7z.exe
    product_id: 7-Zip
    arguments: /S
    state: present
    user_name: DOMAIN\User
    user_password: Password
# 安装Python,参数说明https://docs.python.org/3/using/windows.html
# InstallAllUsers:执行系统范围的安装  PrependPath:添加到环境变量  Include_pip:安装pip
- name: 安装Python3.9
  win_package:
    path: "python-3.9.2-amd64.exe"
    state: present
    product_id: python-3.9.2
    arguments: /quiet InstallAllUsers=1 PrependPath=1 Include_test=0 Include_pip=1

 3.7、win_firewall — 开启或关闭防火墙

- name: Enable firewall for Domain, Public and Private profiles
  win_firewall:
    state: enabled
    profiles:
    - Domain
    - Private
    - Public
  tags: enable_firewall

- name: Disable Domain firewall
  win_firewall:
    state: disabled
    profiles:
    - Domain
  tags: disable_firewall

 3.8、win_hostname — 管理本地windows机器名

- name: Change the hostname to sample-hostname
  win_hostname:
    name: sample-hostname
  register: res
# 修改主机名后需要重启windows才能生效
- name: Reboot
  win_reboot:
  when: res.reboot_required

 3.9、win_scheduled_task  — 管理计划的任务

name   必填项 字符串
path (必填项)   通往ExecAction的可执行文件的路径
description    任务的描述
triggers 触发条件
# restart_count       任务调度器尝试重新启动任务的次数
# 如果已设置,则还必须设置 `restart_count`,最长允许时间为31天,最短允许时间为1分钟。
# 这是在ISO 8601持续时间格式 `P[n]Y[n]M[n]DT[n]H[n]M[n]S` 
# run_only_if_idle  是否只有在计算机处于空闲状态时才会运行任务
- name: Create a task that will be repeated every minute forever
  win_scheduled_task:
    name: keepalive
    description: keep alive the windows.exe
    actions:
    - path: C:\crontab\crontab.ps1
    triggers:
    - type: registration
      repetition:
        interval: PT2M    # 每两分钟执行一次
        duration: PT5M    # 持续五分钟
        stop_at_duration_end: no # 任务的运行实例是否在重复模式结束时停止
    username: "administrator" # 给指定用户创建定时任务

 3.10、win_regedit — 添加、更改或删除注册表项和值 

win_reg_stat 获取机器的key

- name: Obtain information about a registry key using short form
  ansible.windows.win_reg_stat:
    path: HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
  register: current_version

- name: Obtain information about a registry key property
  ansible.windows.win_reg_stat:
    path: HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
    name: CommonFilesDir
  register: common_files_dir

- name: Obtain the registry key's (Default) property
  ansible.windows.win_reg_stat:
    path: HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
    name: ''
  register: current_version_default

# LimitBlankPasswordUse 
#   0 = enable empty passwords on network
#   1 = disable empty passwords on network
- name: Modify the registry so that the specified user can log in with an empty password
  win_regedit:
    path: HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa
    name: LimitBlankPasswordUse
    data: 0
    type: dword

 

3.11、win_user — 管理本地windows用户

- name: 创建指定用户
  win_user:
    name: zhoujt
    password: B0bP4ssw0rd    # 设置密码,不加此项的话默认为没有密码
    password_never_expires: yes  # 密码用不过期
    state: present               # 创建用户
    groups:   # 用户归属组
      - Users          # 默认组
      - Administrators # 添加为管理员

 3.12、win_template — 将文件模板输出到服务器

# 创建Jinja2模板,并传输到服务器
- name: Create a file from a Jinja2 template
  win_template:
    src: /mytemplates/file.conf.j2  # src去template找对应jinja2文件
    dest: C:\Temp\file.conf         # 推送到服务器后,变更文件名和后缀,方可达到传送配置文件的效果

 3.13、win_environment 在Win主机上修改环境变量

注意:完成之后需要重启,环境变量的配置才可以生效。或者进入环境变量点击确定

- name: Set an environment variable for all users
  win_environment:
    state: present
    name: TestVariable
    value: Test value
    level: machine

- name: Remove an environment variable for the current user
  win_environment:
    state: absent
    name: TestVariable
    level: user
# 添加环境变量到系统用户 Path路径下
- raw: echo $ENV:PATH
  register: path_out
- name: 为所有用户设置需要添加应用的环境变量 
  win_environment:
    state: present
    name: Path 
    # value:将path的全部拿下来,替换后再添加需要添加的程序路径
    value: "{{ path_out.stdout | regex_replace('[\r\n]*', '')}} + ;C:\\windows\\win64"
    level: machine  # 系统级别
    
- name: Set several variables at once
  win_environment:
    level: machine
    variables:
      TestVariable: Test value
      CUSTOM_APP_VAR: 'Very important value'
      ANOTHER_VAR: '{{ my_ansible_var }}'

- name: Set and remove multiple variables at once
  win_environment:
    level: user
    variables:
      TestVariable: Test value
      CUSTOM_APP_VAR: 'Very important value'
      ANOTHER_VAR: '{{ my_ansible_var }}'
      UNWANTED_VAR: ''  # < this will be removed

 3.14、win_nssm — 使用nssm安装服务

- name: Install the foo service
  community.windows.win_nssm:
    name: foo
    application: C:\windows\foo.exe

# This will yield the following command: C:\windows\foo.exe bar "true"
- name: Install the Consul service with a list of parameters
  community.windows.win_nssm:
    name: Consul
    application: C:\consul\consul.exe
    arguments:
      - agent
      - -config-dir=C:\consul\config

# This is strictly equivalent to the previous example
- name: Install the Consul service with an arbitrary string of parameters
  community.windows.win_nssm:
    name: Consul
    application: C:\consul\consul.exe
    arguments: agent -config-dir=C:\consul\config


# Install the foo service, and then configure and start it with win_service
- name: Install the foo service, redirecting stdout and stderr to the same file
  community.windows.win_nssm:
    name: foo
    application: C:\windows\foo.exe
    stdout_file: C:\windows\foo.log
    stderr_file: C:\windows\foo.log

- name: Configure and start the foo service using win_service
  ansible.windows.win_service:
    name: foo
    dependencies: [ adf, tcpip ]
    username: foouser
    password: secret
    start_mode: manual
    state: started

- name: Install a script based service and define custom environment variables
  community.windows.win_nssm:
    name: <ServiceName>
    application: C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
    arguments:
      - <path-to-script>
      - <script arg>
    app_environment:
      AUTH_TOKEN: <token value>
      SERVER_URL: https://example.com
      PATH: "<path-prepends>;{{ ansible_env.PATH }};<path-appends>"

- name: Remove the foo service
  community.windows.win_nssm:
    name: foo
    state: absent

 3.15、win_path — 管理windows环境变量

- name: Ensure that system32 and Powershell are present on the global system path, and in the specified order
  win_path:
    elements:
    - '%SystemRoot%\system32'
    - '%SystemRoot%\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0'

- name: Ensure that C:\Program Files\MyJavaThing is not on the current user's CLASSPATH
  win_path:
    name: class
    elements: C:\Program Files\MyJavaThing
    scope: machine
    state: absent

3.16、win_unzip — 解压Win压缩文件和归档文件

# This unzips a library that was downloaded with win_get_url, and removes the file after extraction
# $ ansible -i hosts -m win_unzip -a "src=C:\LibraryToUnzip.zip dest=C:\Lib remove=yes" all

- name: Unzip a bz2 (BZip) file
  win_unzip:
    src: C:\Users\Phil\Logs.bz2
    dest: C:\Users\Phil\OldLogs
    creates: C:\Users\Phil\OldLogs   # 如果这个文件或文件夹存在,指定的会src失效

- name: unzip windows.zip to Remote Host
  win_unzip:
    src: "{{ windir }}\\windows.zip"
    dest: "{{ windir }}"
    delete_archive: yes  # 在解压缩完成后,删除压缩文件 (默认是 no)

# Unzip .zip file, recursively decompresses the contained .gz files and removes all unneeded compressed files after completion.
- name: Unzip ApplicationLogs.zip and decompress all GZipped log files
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - name: Recursively decompress GZ files in ApplicationLogs.zip
      win_unzip:
        src: C:\Downloads\ApplicationLogs.zip
        dest: C:\Application\Logs
        recurse: yes
        delete_archive: yes

- name: Install PSCX
  win_psmodule:
    name: Pscx
    state: present

 linux 解压和windows大同小异

- name: Decompress the installation package to the target address of the server
  unarchive: 
    src: "{{ PushDir }}/{{ PackName.stdout }}"
    dest: "{{ UnzipDir }}"
    remote_src: yes  # 将远端服务器上的压缩包解压到远程服务器
- name: Extract foo.tgz into /var/lib/foo
  unarchive:
    src: foo.tgz
    dest: /var/lib/foo
- name: Unarchive a file that is already on the remote machine
  unarchive:
    src: /tmp/foo.zip
    dest: /usr/local/bin
    remote_src: yes  # 取消归档远程服务器已经存在的文件 

3.17、registers、debug — 注册变量、交互式调试任务

这种变量包含了这个任务的返回值。当我们使用不同的模块时, 会遇到的常见的返回值有:backup_file, changed, failed, invovation, msg, rc, results, skipped, stderr, stderr_lines, stdout. stdout_lines等。

- name: print to stdout
  command: echo "hello"
  register: hello
- debug: msg="{{ hello.stdout }}"  # 返回正常输出
- debug: msg="{{ hello.stderr }}"  # 返回异常输出

3.18、tags 标签

跳过指定标签  ansible-playbook --skip-tags only testtag.yml
只执行有标签的 ansible-playbook --tags tagged testtag.yml
只执行没有标签 ansible-playbook --tags untagged testtag.yml
跳过没有标签的任务 ansible-playbook --skip-tags untagged testtag.yml
查看标签 ansible-playbook --list-tags testhttpd.yml
执行指定标签的任务 ansible-playbook --tags only,tpath testhttpd.yml

vim tags1.yaml
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no # 关闭收集facts变量
  tasks:
   - name: copy hosts file
     copy: src=/etc/hosts dest=/opt/hosts
     tags:
      - only
   - name: touch file
     file: path=/opt/touch1 state=touch
     tags:
       - tpath

 

 在调用win_shell模块中,将shell模块的返回值信息申请一个新的注册名称,后续的debug任务可通过该注册的任务名称判断这个win_shell模块的执行状态,如遇到win_shell执行失败的时候我们可以用 "ignore_errors: true" ,用来掌控如果执行失败后也能执行后面的任务。并且我们可以为win_shell模块添加判断条件,当不满足条件时,win_shell模块会自动跳过,当然,也可以修改一下条件,以便测试skip的判断结果。

在ansible中,"is exists"表示如果路径存在于ansible节点则返回真,"is not exists"表示如果路径不存在于ansible节点则返回真,当我们使用一种tests进行条件判断时,在tests前面加上"is"进行判断,也可以在tests前面加上"is not"进行取反的判断。

判断变量
defined :判断变量是否已经定义,已经定义则返回真
undefind :判断变量是否已经定义,未定义则返回真
none :判断变量值是否为空,如果变量已经定义,但是变量值为空,则返回真
判断执行结果
success 或 succeeded:通过任务的返回信息判断任务的执行状态,任务执行成功则返回真
failure 或 failed:通过任务的返回信息判断任务的执行状态,任务执行失败则返回真
change 或 changed:通过任务的返回信息判断任务的执行状态,任务执行状态为changed则返回真
skip 或 skipped:通过任务的返回信息判断任务的执行状态,当任务没有满足条件,而被跳过执行时,则返回真
判断路径
注:判断均针对于ansible主机中的路径,与目标主机无关
file : 判断路径是否是一个文件,如果路径是一个文件则返回真
directory :判断路径是否是一个目录,如果路径是一个目录则返回真
其他的判断
link :判断路径是否是一个软链接,如果路径是一个软链接则返回真
mount:判断路径是否是一个挂载点,如果路径是一个挂载点则返回真
exists:判断路径是否存在,如果路径存在则返回真
string:判断对象是否是一个字符串,是字符串则返回真
number:判断对象是否是一个数字,是数字则返回真
subset:判断一个list是不是另一个list的子集,是另一个list的子集时返回真
superset : 判断一个list是不是另一个list的父集,是另一个list的父集时返回真
lower:判断包含字母的字符串中的字母是否是纯小写,字符串中的字母全部为小写则返回真
upper:判断包含字母的字符串中的字母是否是纯大写,字符串中的字母全部为大写则返回真
even :判断数值是否是偶数,是偶数则返回真
odd :判断数值是否是奇数,是奇数则返回真
divisibleby(num) :判断是否可以整除指定的数值(num),如果除以指定的值以后余数为0,则返回真
eg:   
- debug:
      msg: "It's divisible"
    when: num is divisibleby(10)

 

 举例:

- name: Determine if the registry has a key
  win_shell: "REG QUERY 'HKCU\\Control Panel\\windows' /v windows"
  register: ifexits
  ignore_errors: true
  tags:
    - haskey

- debug:
    msg: "when there's this {{ ifexits.stdout }}"  
  when: ifexits is success
  tags:
    - haskey

- name: Delete key-value pairs
  win_shell: "REG DELETE 'HKCU\\Control Panel\\windows' /v windows /f"
  args:
    executable: powershell
  when: ifexits is success  # 当结果为执行成功时执行这个task
  tags:
    - haskey

四、ansible优化

4.1、优化变量收集facts

在playbook执行过程中,ansible收集facts变量是很耗时的一个步骤,如果我们确定play中没有用到fact变量信息,可以直接将其关闭
关闭获取 facts 很简单,只需要在 playbook 文件中加上“gather_facts: no”即可

 

4.2、Forks主机连接数

Forks可以用来设置并行的主机数,默认值为5,在生产中,多数情况下我们会修改这个参数,需要在控制节点的CPU和网络性能上支持,设置20+是可以的

 

在 ansible.cfg 中设置forks的全局默认值
find / -name "ansible.cfg"
cat /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
[defaults]
forks  = 15

 Serial 用来控制一个play内的主机并行数,这个并行数不能超过 forks ,超过后Serial就不会生效

--
- hosts: winserver
  serial: 10
  tasks:

 4.3、ansible 排障

- vvvv # 用来查看ansible的执行流程

 4.4、条件判断

is not exists # 不存在
is exists     # 存在 取反

 五、ansible-roles

5.1、创建roles

需要注意的是,功能放在roles目录下,执行剧本放在roles同级目录下

[zhoujt@Huawei ~/ansible/roles ]$ ansible-galaxy init zhouceshi
- Role zhouceshi was created successfully
[zhoujt@Huawei ~/ansible/roles ]$ tree zhoujt/
zhoujt/
|-- defaults     # 存放默认的变量
|   `-- main.yml
|-- files        # ansible中 file copy等模块会自动来这里找文件,在执行roles的时候我们只需要写文件名
|-- handlers     # 存放 tasks 中的notify的指定内容
|   `-- main.yml
|-- meta         # 存放playbook的目录
|   `-- main.yml
|-- README.md 
|-- tasks        # 存放主要执行的执行体,按照顺序在 main.yml 中 用include 排序,依次运行
|   `-- main.yml
|-- templates    # 存放jinja2模板,用来将文件推送到指定机器的自定义文件
|-- tests        # 用于存放测试role本身功能的playbook和主机定义文件,在开发测试阶段比较常用
|   |-- inventory
|   `-- test.yml
|-- vars         # 存放变量
    `-- main.yml

 5.2、运行roles

roles可以理解为每个不同的role代表不同的功能

[zhoujt@Huawei ~/ansible/roles ]$ cat zhoujtinit.yml
- hosts: winserver   # 执行该role的用户组
  vars:   # 变量最高级别,高于role/zhouceshi/vars/main.yml
    vars1url: 'access.baidu.com'
    vars2dir: "C:\\System\\Package\\"
    vars3name: 'zhoujt'
    vars4user: 'admin'
  roles:  # 需要执行的roles,可写多role同时执行
    - role: zhouceshi
    - role: zhouceshi1

[zhoujt@Huawei ~/ansible/roles ]$ ansible-playbook zhoujtinit.yml

PLAY [winserver] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Create a task that will be repeated every minute forever] *************************************************************************
ok: [winserver]

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************
winserver1             : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

可以使用标签,用来测试roles,或者跳过指定任务

列出标签
ansible-playbook --list-tags testtag.yml
跳过指定标签
ansible-playbook --skip-tags only testtag.yml

  执行结束,已完成。

 

标签:name,为例,windows,win,winrm,ansible,file
来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/security-guard/p/16016698.html