docker学习笔记
作者：互联网
docker
摘自官方文档 ：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/
参考文档 ：https://gitee.com/moxi159753/LearningNotes/tree/master/Docker/Docker容器相关命令
参考视频 ：小破站 狂神
1 . 安装
1.1 卸载旧docker 环境
# yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-engine
# yum install -y yum-utils
# yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
(默认安装最新版本，也可指定版本)
sudo systemctl start docker
（大道至简-省略内些有的没的）
1.2 配置 阿里云加速
https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-hangzhou/instances/mirrors
2.docker 命令
2.1 镜像
# docker version # 查看docker版本信息情况
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 20.10.8
API version: 1.41
Go version: go1.16.6
Git commit: 3967b7d
Built: Fri Jul 30 19:55:49 2021
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Context: default
Experimental: true
#docker info #显示更加详细的信息
# docker images #显示docker 镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
<none> <none> 180d16f99785 8 hours ago 40.8MB
<none> <none> c2b6e4a76538 10 hours ago 41.9MB
wordpress latest 15ce81941cbf 2 days ago 618MB
python 3.6-alpine c5917c34066a 2 weeks ago 40.8MB
python 3.7-alpine a436fb2c575c 2 weeks ago 41.9MB
mysql 5.7 1d7aba917169 3 weeks ago 448MB
# docker images --help
Usage: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
List images
Options:
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images) 显示所有
--digests Show digests
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print images using a Go template
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only show image IDs
经常使用
# docker images -qa
180d16f99785
e22dec5ac272
35e39a94ef3e
5f5c155b1ef4
# docker search mysql #搜索等同于在docker.hub 上搜索
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 11473 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4356 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 848 [OK]
percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati… 557 [OK]
phpmyadmin phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M… 332 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 91
mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr… 88
centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link… 59 [OK]
databack/mysql-backup Back up mysql databases to... anywhere! 51
prom/mysqld-exporter 42 [OK]
deitch/mysql-backup REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r… 41 [OK]
# docker search --help
Usage: docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
Search the Docker Hub for images
Options:
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided #过滤
--format string Pretty-print search using a Go template
--limit int Max number of search results (default 25)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
#搜索
# docker search mysql --filter=stars=3000 #搜索 STARS 大于3000的
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 11473 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4356 [OK]
#拉取，下载
# docker pull mysql #镜像名
Using default tag: latest #版本，标签
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
a330b6cecb98: Already exists #分层 ，联合文件系统
9c8f656c32b8: Already exists
88e473c3f553: Already exists
062463ea5d2f: Already exists
daf7e3bdf4b6: Already exists
1839c0b7aac9: Already exists
cf0a0cfee6d0: Already exists
1b42041bb11e: Pull complete
10459d86c7e6: Pull complete
b7199599d5f9: Pull complete
1d6f51e17d45: Pull complete
50e0789bacad: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:99e0989e7e3797cfbdb8d51a19d32c8d286dd8862794d01a547651a896bcf00c #认证
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest
docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest 等价于 docker pull mysql
#指定版本下载
docker pull mysql:5.7
# docker pull mysql:5.7 #下载mysql5.7 ，联合文件系统，不同版本的重复部分，不用反复下载，节省空间
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
Digest: sha256:d9b934cdf6826629f8d02ea01f28b2c4ddb1ae27c32664b14867324b3e5e1291
Status: Image is up to date for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
#下载mysql 5，6
docker pull mysql:5.6
5.6: Pulling from library/mysql
442547fc262c: Pull complete
2bf716144687: Pull complete
e8b3b16588b1: Pull complete
c89f7ee6da81: Pull complete
091490fb32f5: Pull complete
6eeb696bc30f: Pull complete
8a92263747b2: Pull complete
07097cad43f1: Pull complete
e09f00a44ec7: Pull complete
18f954e29df7: Pull complete
b46b7702c2b2: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:35aa66157963240633625d6490d940069a1311fdfc022bf32116cbf95b90b541
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.6
docker.io/library/mysql:5.6
#删除镜像
# docker rmi --help
Usage: docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
Remove one or more images
Options:
-f, --force Force removal of the image #强制删除
--no-prune Do not delete untagged parents
# docker rmi -f 镜像id
# docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa) #删除所有镜像
# docker rmi -f 180d16f99785 c2b6e4a76538 #删除多个
Deleted: sha256:180d16f9978527ee330dcd191581b3bc0e1ac08362299b3c5f475564996fa0ca
Deleted: sha256:e22dec5ac272ac45744da322717a09cdebf713aa8e07080354205444a5ec3dcc
Deleted: sha256:3577d174f7dde7dd6fcba0a9b82a50a65ba71ed7303d7a90f7ef658daf95b3c1
Deleted: sha256:c2b6e4a765382cbd3afe7d35b1091ca7a7c6effb43118dc2ccc92abf2c875548
Deleted: sha256:5f5c155b1ef4cef83b9489886b9545e400f4f986079c1a05b9153d0b295f0471
Deleted: sha256:35e39a94ef3e2b2f5bbb1085f7da08104c66d517b5a435c1de0052c42151284e
2.2 容器
容器是基于镜像的（个人理解 相当于虚拟机的iso，容器相当于你的虚拟机）
运行容器
# docker run --help
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Run a command in a new container
Options:
--name string Assign a name to the container #容器名称
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID #在后台运行容器
-it #交互式 运行 ，进入容器内查看
-p（小写） 指定容器运行端口
-P（大写） 随机端口运行容器
例子 ： 以交互式进入容器 centos
# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
退出并停止 exit
退出不停止 Ctrl +P +Q 不停止容器，挂后台
docker ps --help
Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
Options:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running) 显示所有 默认只显示运行中的
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print containers using a Go template
-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
-l, --latest Show the latest crea
ted container (includes all states)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display container IDs 只显示容器编号
-s, --size Display total file sizes
删除容器
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cf462879f874 centos "/bin/bash" 11 seconds ago Up 9 seconds great_shannon
08b19ce6c65d wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp, :::8000->80/tcp my_wordpress_wordpress_1
58476d54c560 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp my_wordpress_db_1
[root@docker1 ~]# docker rm cf462879f874
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container cf462879f874c61f0ab3e3715dbdd0978eb4dff631ab5a8c3365c1adfb44f2e0. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
[root@docker1 ~]# docker rm -f cf462879f874 #删除运行中的容器
#docker rm 容器id
#docker rm -f 容器id
#docker rm $(docker ps -qa) #删除所有容器
docker start 容器id
docker restart 容器id
docker stop 容器id
docker kill 容器id
其他常用命令
例子 ：问题描述
-d 后台启动后，发现容器自动关闭了。如下
root@docker1 ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/bash
404109eb8ce037d4bd35a2d780eaa069d6e70c48d161a327f165eec4f47a5059
[root@docker1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
404109eb8ce0 centos "/bin/bash" 8 seconds ago Exited (0) 7 seconds ago cranky_liskov
[root@docker1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
注释：必须有一个前台进程，或对外提供服务的应用，不然就会自动关闭
docker 打印日志
#启动一个 centos镜像 ，并循环打印 liuzhoahuan、
docker run -d centos /bin/bash -c "while true;do echo liuzhaohuan ;sleep 2; done "
# docker logs --help
Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps # 时间戳
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
# docker logs -ft --tail 10 207b6d7b7d9c
2021-09-26T21:38:36.946822679Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:38.963377475Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:40.991883014Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:43.004861104Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:45.011425672Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:47.025711199Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:49.043931713Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:51.056923576Z liuzhaohuan
2021-09-26T21:38:53.079467694Z liuzhaohuan
查看进程信息
[root@docker1 ~]# docker top 207b6d7b7d9cUID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMDroot 95068 95051 0 05:28 ? 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c while true;do echo liuzhaohuan ;sleep 2; doneroot 96874 95068 0 05:40 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 2
查看镜像源数据
[root@docker1 ~]# docker inspect --helpUsage: docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]Return low-level information on Docker objectsOptions: -f, --format string Format the output using the given Go template -s, --size Display total file sizes if the type is container --type string Return JSON for specified type # docker inpect 容器id# docker inspect 207b6d7b7d9c[ { "Id": "207b6d7b7d9c2391e60caace3e10a609bd70b05af7e955e263c59dbd91f745bc", "Created": "2021-09-26T21:28:25.697179821Z", "Path": "/bin/bash", "Args": [ "-c", "while true;do echo liuzhaohuan ;sleep 2; done " ], "State": { "Status": "running", "Running": true, "Paused": false, "Restarting": false, "OOMKilled": false, "Dead": false, "Pid": 95068, "ExitCode": 0, "Error": "", "StartedAt": "2021-09-26T21:28:26.442154117Z", "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" }, "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6", "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/207b6d7b7d9c2391e60caace3e10a609bd70b05af7e955e263c59dbd91f745bc/resolv.conf", "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/207b6d7b7d9c2391e60caace3e10a609bd70b05af7e955e263c59dbd91f745bc/hostname", "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/207b6d7b7d9c2391e60caace3e10a609bd70b05af7e955e263c59dbd91f745bc/hosts", "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/207b6d7b7d9c2391e60caace3e10a609bd70b05af7e955e263c59dbd91f745bc/207b6d7b7d9c2391e60caace3e10a609bd70b05af7e955e263c59dbd91f745bc-json.log", "Name": "/optimistic_vaughan", "RestartCount": 0, "Driver": "overlay2", "Platform": "linux", "MountLabel": "", "ProcessLabel": "", "AppArmorProfile": "", "ExecIDs": null, "HostConfig": { "Binds": null, "ContainerIDFile": "", "LogConfig": { "Type": "json-file", "Config": {} }, "NetworkMode": "default", "PortBindings": {}, "RestartPolicy": { "Name": "no", "MaximumRetryCount": 0 }, "AutoRemove": false, "VolumeDriver": "", "VolumesFrom": null, "CapAdd": null, "CapDrop": null, "CgroupnsMode": "host", "Dns": [], "DnsOptions": [], "DnsSearch": [], "ExtraHosts": null, "GroupAdd": null, "IpcMode": "private", "Cgroup": "", "Links": null, "OomScoreAdj": 0, "PidMode": "", "Privileged": false, "PublishAllPorts": false, "ReadonlyRootfs": false, "SecurityOpt": null, "UTSMode": "", "UsernsMode": "", "ShmSize": 67108864, "Runtime": "runc", "ConsoleSize": [ 0, 0 ], "Isolation": "", "CpuShares": 0, "Memory": 0, "NanoCpus": 0, "CgroupParent": "", "BlkioWeight": 0, "BlkioWeightDevice": [], "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null, "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null, "CpuPeriod": 0, "CpuQuota": 0, "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0, "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0, "CpusetCpus": "", "CpusetMems": "", "Devices": [], "DeviceCgroupRules": null, "DeviceRequests": null, "KernelMemory": 0, "KernelMemoryTCP": 0, "MemoryReservation": 0, "MemorySwap": 0, "MemorySwappiness": null, "OomKillDisable": false, "PidsLimit": null, "Ulimits": null, "CpuCount": 0, "CpuPercent": 0, "IOMaximumIOps": 0, "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0, "MaskedPaths": [ "/proc/asound", "/proc/acpi", "/proc/kcore", "/proc/keys", "/proc/latency_stats", "/proc/timer_list", "/proc/timer_stats", "/proc/sched_debug", "/proc/scsi", "/sys/firmware" ], "ReadonlyPaths": [ "/proc/bus", "/proc/fs", "/proc/irq", "/proc/sys", "/proc/sysrq-trigger" ] }, "GraphDriver": { "Data": { "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab5f50e1e850ed7a56395c7fa34ba201f7c0b7803c3bb8ce61ba4ab6f2459683-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cd0d8f2a4c5d07c6cebd229c4963a0fb3333737b2d060627f610adffbcfd982a/diff", "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab5f50e1e850ed7a56395c7fa34ba201f7c0b7803c3bb8ce61ba4ab6f2459683/merged", "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab5f50e1e850ed7a56395c7fa34ba201f7c0b7803c3bb8ce61ba4ab6f2459683/diff", "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab5f50e1e850ed7a56395c7fa34ba201f7c0b7803c3bb8ce61ba4ab6f2459683/work" }, "Name": "overlay2" }, "Mounts": [], "Config": { "Hostname": "207b6d7b7d9c", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": false, "AttachStderr": false, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ], "Cmd": [ "/bin/bash", "-c", "while true;do echo liuzhaohuan ;sleep 2; done " ], "Image": "centos", "Volumes": null, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": null, "OnBuild": null, "Labels": { "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915", "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2", "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image", "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0", "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS" } }, "NetworkSettings": { "Bridge": "", "SandboxID": "be1cd7610168d4f6f67f24f3ece98141e04da8e58645552b87755f0a3b79e527", "HairpinMode": false, "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "", "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "Ports": {}, "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/be1cd7610168", "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null, "EndpointID": "2c0d9606ae0a5fb9d718b2e513b1fd73ff4c184707430c53842c0daf41c48a12", "Gateway": "172.17.0.1", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPPrefixLen": 16, "IPv6Gateway": "", "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02", "Networks": { "bridge": { "IPAMConfig": null, "Links": null, "Aliases": null, "NetworkID": "a97709189c8a94862a76905fa727b2510e6bf62e8ae61f7575f7b87dec18c035", "EndpointID": "2c0d9606ae0a5fb9d718b2e513b1fd73ff4c184707430c53842c0daf41c48a12", "Gateway": "172.17.0.1", "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPPrefixLen": 16, "IPv6Gateway": "", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02", "DriverOpts": null } } } }]
进入当前运行的容器
命令1 docker exec root@docker1 ~]# docker exec -it 207b6d7b7d9c /bin/bash[root@207b6d7b7d9c /]# lsbin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var命令2 docker attach[root@docker1 ~]# docker attach b3bfff78cb06d5liuzhaohuanliuzhaohuanliuzhaohuanliuzhaohuanliuzhaohuan区别 ：docker exec #进入容器，打开一个新的终端docker attach #进入正在执行的终端
从容器中copy 文件到主机
# docker exec -it b3bfff78cb06 /bin/bash [root@b3bfff78cb06 /]# ls bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var[root@b3bfff78cb06 /]# cd /home/[root@b3bfff78cb06 home]# ls[root@b3bfff78cb06 home]# touch test.sh[root@b3bfff78cb06 home]# exitexit[root@docker1 ~]# docker cp b3bfff78cb06:/home/test.sh /home/[root@docker1 ~]# ll /home/总用量 0drwx------. 3 1000 1000 127 9月 4 01:26 deployer-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 27 06:08 test.sh#cp 容器中的test.sh 到本机的home下
命令小结
attach Attach to a running container #当前shell下attach连接指定运行镜像build Build an image from a Dockerfile #通过Dockerfile定制镜像commit Create a new image from a containers changes #提交当前容器为新的镜像cp Copy files/folders from a container to a HOSTDIR or to STDOUT #从容器中拷贝指定文件或者目录到宿主机中create Create a new container #创建一个新的容器，同run 但不启动容器diff Inspect changes on a containers filesystem #查看docker容器变化events Get real time events from the server #从docker服务获取容器实时事件exec Run a command in a running container #在已存在的容器上运行命令export Export a containers filesystem as a tar archive #导出容器的内容流作为一个tar归档文件(对应import)history Show the history of an image #展示一个镜像形成历史images List images #列出系统当前镜像import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image #从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统映像(对应export)info Display system-wide information #显示系统相关信息inspect Return low-level information on a container or image #查看容器详细信息kill Kill a running container #kill指定docker容器load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN #从一个tar包中加载一个镜像(对应save)login Register or log in to a Docker registry #注册或者登陆一个docker源服务器logout Log out from a Docker registry #从当前Docker registry退出logs Fetch the logs of a container #输出当前容器日志信息pause Pause all processes within a container #暂停容器port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER #查看映射端口对应的容器内部源端口ps List containers #列出容器列表pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry #从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或者库镜像push Push an image or a repository to a registry #推送指定镜像或者库镜像至docker源服务器rename Rename a container #重命名容器restart Restart a running container lian #重启运行的容器rm Remove one or more containers #移除一个或者多个容器rmi Remove one or more images #移除一个或多个镜像(无容器使用该镜像才可以删除，否则需要删除相关容器才可以继续或者-f强制删除)run Run a command in a new container #创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令save Save an image(s) to a tar archive #保存一个镜像为一个tar包(对应load)search Search the Docker Hub for images #在docker hub中搜索镜像start Start one or more stopped containers #启动容器stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics #统计容器使用资源stop Stop a running container #停止容器tag Tag an image into a repository #给源中镜像打标签top Display the running processes of a container #查看容器中运行的进程信息unpause Unpause all processes within a container #取消暂停容器version Show the Docker version information #查看容器版本号wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code #截取容器停止时的退出状态值lian
练习
[root@docker1 ~]# docker pull nginx:alpinealpine: Pulling from library/nginxDigest: sha256:686aac2769fd6e7bab67663fd38750c135b72d993d0bb0a942ab02ef647fc9c3Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:alpinedocker.io/library/nginx:alpine[root@docker1 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEwordpress latest 15ce81941cbf 2 days ago 618MBcentos latest 5d0da3dc9764 11 days ago 231MBnginx 1.21.3-alpine 513f9a9d8748 2 weeks ago 22.9MBnginx alpine 513f9a9d8748 2 weeks ago 22.9MBpython 3.6-alpine c5917c34066a 2 weeks ago 40.8MBpython 3.7-alpine a436fb2c575c 2 weeks ago 41.9MBmysql 5.6 e05271ec102f 3 weeks ago 303MBmysql 5.7 1d7aba917169 3 weeks ago 448MBmysql latest 0716d6ebcc1a 3 weeks ago 514MB[root@docker1 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx_test -d -p 8081:80 nginx:alpine523d624becd2f12fdf09bdb251e9e8432e888485e1f07565cb87fccdae5c59a8[root@docker1 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES523d624becd2 nginx:alpine "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcp, :::8081->80/tcp nginx_test[root@docker1 ~]# docker exec -it nginx_test /bin/sh/ # lsbin docker-entrypoint.sh lib opt run sys vardev etc media proc sbin tmpdocker-entrypoint.d home mnt root srv usrroot@docker1 ~]# docker logs -tf --tail -n nginx_test 2021-09-26T22:48:55.227874151Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration2021-09-26T22:48:55.227900261Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/2021-09-26T22:48:55.227904484Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh2021-09-26T22:48:55.239914116Z 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf2021-09-26T22:48:55.266143450Z 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf2021-09-26T22:48:55.267840321Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh2021-09-26T22:48:55.271826520Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh2021-09-26T22:48:55.283142852Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up2021-09-26T22:48:55.295822317Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method2021-09-26T22:48:55.295852773Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.32021-09-26T22:48:55.295857349Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.3.1 20210424 (Alpine 10.3.1_git20210424) 2021-09-26T22:48:55.295860139Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_642021-09-26T22:48:55.295863552Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:10485762021-09-26T22:48:55.295867295Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes2021-09-26T22:48:55.295871030Z 2021/09/26 22:48:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32
查看docker 运行 性能状态
[root@docker1 ~]# docker stats CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE（docker使用） / LIMIT(服务器内存) MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS523d624becd2 nginx_test 0.00% 1.598MiB / 1.779GiB 0.09% 7.73kB / 2.72kB 5.91MB / 25.6kB 2
示例 ：安装es
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network create somenetwork[root@docker1 ~]# docker run -d --name elasticsearch --net somenetwork -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e "discovery.type=single-node" -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms256m -Xmx512m" elasticsearch:7.8.1#安装 es 并指定版本为7.8.1 并限制java使用内存大小
数据卷
[root@docker1 mysql]# docker run --name some-mysql4 -v /home/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -it mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci#挂载docker，容器内/var/lib/mysql地址，外部地址为/home/mysql[root@docker1 mysql]# docker inspect some-mysql4 "Mounts": [ { "Type": "bind", "Source": "/home/mysql", #宿主机地址 "Destination": "/var/lib/mysql", #容器内地址 "Mode": "", "RW": true, "Propagation": "rprivate" }
具名挂载与匿名挂载
[root@docker1 volumes]# docker run --name some-mysql6 -v mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql -p 3308:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci52774485468b5f8bf8c75afe6ab9b578da110b0720f490c79c2dcff42ef74ad2[root@docker1 volumes]# docker volume lsDRIVER VOLUME NAMElocal 4de1327c367c3f96dcb0ba420c3ccaef12a55f918069478f86ac515958a9c355local 11d8b896b37310f3caf274c12a569fcfb249fa30c78561427a61b1ced136828alocal ad484c8cda7a18378653adb5050fa8ed47e417cb0993aba662ec000e88828e53local c2f94362caca9880150795ac6f71ba3fff433e19174f20730b590a08e50a90b8local cb43f69c47d5ca8f0f481014975547a52b585a0d06cc14a08ad1d3906004cc56local my_wordpress_db_datalocal my_wordpress_wordpress_datalocal mysql_data#具名挂载 docker run -v 卷名:容器内路径 #宿主机路径 ：[root@docker1 _data]# pwd/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_data/_data#匿名挂载：（不推荐）docker run -v 容器内路径 [root@docker1 volumes]# docker run --name some-mysql5 -v /var/lib/mysql -p 3307:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ciee50e507d8b4b918218ea1c696ac4a6a0993d2c8eee4141eb7a5488af2da3235[root@docker1 volumes]# docker volume lsDRIVER VOLUME NAMElocal 4de1327c367c3f96dcb0ba420c3ccaef12a55f918069478f86ac515958a9c355local 11d8b896b37310f3caf274c12a569fcfb249fa30c78561427a61b1ced136828alocal ad484c8cda7a18378653adb5050fa8ed47e417cb0993aba662ec000e88828e53local c2f94362caca9880150795ac6f71ba3fff433e19174f20730b590a08e50a90b8local cb43f69c47d5ca8f0f481014975547a52b585a0d06cc14a08ad1d3906004cc56权限设置 ：docker run -d -P --name nginx05 -v juming:/etc/nginx:ro nginxdocker run -d -P --name nginx05 -v juming:/etc/nginx:rw nginx# ro 只要看到ro就说明这个路径只能通过宿主机来操作，容器内部是无法操作！
Docker File 构建镜像
[root@docker1 docker]# docker run -it --name centos01 liuzhaohuan/centos:1.0 /bin/bash [root@5f74de7e0785 /]##centos 02 共用centos1 的数据卷，并创建一个文件root@docker1 docker]# docker run -it --name centos02 --volumes-from centos01 liuzhaohuan/centos:1.0 [root@2907c5b123cd /]# lsbin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var volume01 volume02[root@2907c5b123cd /]# lsbin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var volume01 volume02[root@2907c5b123cd /]# cd volume01/[root@2907c5b123cd volume01]# ls[root@2907c5b123cd volume01]# touch 1.txt [root@2907c5b123cd volume01]# exitexit#进入centos01[root@docker1 docker]# docker exec -it 5f74de7e0785 /bin/bash[root@5f74de7e0785 /]# lsbin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var volume01 volume02[root@5f74de7e0785 /]# cd volume01/[root@5f74de7e0785 volume01]# ls1.txt@共享成功#--volumes-from centos01 共享centos01的数据卷
做什么
Dockerfile 练习
[root@docker1 div_centos]# cat Dockerfile-centos ARG CODE_VERSION=7FROM centos:${CODE_VERSION}MAINTAINER liu<rookie_lhh@163.com>ENV MYPATH /usr/localWORKDIR $MYPATH RUN yum -y install vim RUN yum -y install net-toolsEXPOSE 80CMD echo $MYPATHCMD echo "--------------end--------"CMD /bin/bash#自定义生成centos[root@docker1 div_centos]# docker build -f Dockerfile-centos -t mycentos:0.1 .[root@docker1 div_centos]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEmycentos 0.1 8173cc319ff2 4 hours ago 536MB验证[root@docker1 div_centos]# docker run -it mycentos:0.1[root@f0cbea44b061 local]# vim 1.txt[root@f0cbea44b061 local]# netstat -natActive Internet connections (servers and established)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State[root@f0cbea44b061 local]# pwd/usr/localdocker上传只阿里云镜像站#登录[root@docker1 docker]# docker login --username=rookie_lhh registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.comPassword: WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. Seehttps://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store#新建标签 [iamgesID] [镜像源地址] [tag名称]docker tag 38c74030c15a registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/divdocker/dockertest:0.11fs#上传[root@docker1 docker]# docker push registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/divdocker/dockertest:0.11fs
练习源码部署tomcat
[root@docker1 docker]# tree div_tomcat/div_tomcat/├── apache-tomcat-8.0.43.tar.gz├── Dockerfile_tomcat├── jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz└── README
[root@docker1 docker]# cat div_tomcat/Dockerfile_tomcat ARG CODE_VERSION=7FROM centos:$CODE_VERSIONMAINTAINER liu<rookie_lhh@163.com>ENV MYPATH /usr/localWORKDIR $MYPATHRUN echo pwdCOPY README ./READMEADD apache-tomcat-8.0.43.tar.gz ./RUN ln -s apache-tomcat-8.0.43 /usr/local/tomcat8ADD jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz ./RUN yum -y install vimENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/libENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.43ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin;$CATALINA_HOME/libEXPOSE 8080CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.43/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.43/logs/catalina.out
构建运行
[root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker build -f Dockerfile_tomcat -t mytomcat:2.0 .Successfully built 4df7175c8d40Successfully tagged mytomcat:2.0root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker run -d --name tomcat2 -p 8098:8080 mytomcat:2.01369821ab0ae8dd7476af5da65eba001d109075a5514adbcf7d836812699ef8c
华为 jdk 镜像站
https://repo.huaweicloud.com/java/jdk/8u171-b11/
1 form 镜像来源
2 作者 maintainet
copy 复制文件
解压缩 add
run 运行系统命令
env 变量 env mypath
workdir 工作目录
env
expose 端口
cmd 命令
3.docker-compose
2.1 执行过程
网络
docker network ls #查看当前docker 网络NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE01d0b9a26b2b bridge bridge locald245c7bb447b composetest_default bridge local6d22898c7762 host host localee63e33e1f38 none null local2.1.1 同网络下使用域名 访问项目，ip变化，不影响程序
2.2 常用命令
lsapp.py docker-compose.yml Dockerfile requirements.txt #启动[root@ruibaitest composetest]# docker-compose up #在compose路径下[root@ruibaitest composetest]# docker-compose up -d #在compose路径下，后台启动#停止[root@ruibaitest composetest]# docker-compose down #在compose路径下
docker网络
自定义网络
[root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet820fc5efc9417d562007470e37f9b8b0a56ed2d2500b30bbd61ebe30b6324453[root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker network inspect mynet[ { "Name": "mynet", "Id": "820fc5efc9417d562007470e37f9b8b0a56ed2d2500b30bbd61ebe30b6324453", "Created": "2021-10-08T21:53:17.089048876+08:00", "Scope": "local", "Driver": "bridge", "EnableIPv6": false, "IPAM": { "Driver": "default", "Options": {}, "Config": [ { "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16", "Gateway": "192.168.0.1" } ] }, "Internal": false, "Attachable": false, "Ingress": false, "ConfigFrom": { "Network": "" }, "ConfigOnly": false, "Containers": {}, "Options": {}, "Labels": {} }][root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker run -d -p8099:8080 --name tomcat-net-02 --net mynet mytomcat:1.0[root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker run -d -p8098:8080 --name tomcat-net-01 --net mynet mytomcat:2.0[root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker run -d -p8097:8080 --name tomcat-net-04 --net mynet mytomcat:1.0[root@docker1 div_tomcat]# docker exec -it mytomcat-net-04 /bin/bash[root@c3f57de17b4e local]# ping tomcat-net-02PING tomcat-net-02 (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from tomcat-net-02.mynet (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.077 ms#可以使用镜像名相互ping通
3 .Docker小结
- Docker镜像 run => 容器
- DockerFlie 构建镜像 （服务打包）
- docker-compose 启动项目 （编排，多个微服务）
- docker 网络
4 .yaml 配置
# 3层！version: '' #版本 service: #服务 服务1: web #服务器配置 image build network ... 服务2 : db 服务3 : redis #其他配置 网络/卷 。全局规则 volumes : network : configs :
docker-compose up --build
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {S[$NF]++} END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}'
标签：容器,docker1,--,笔记,学习,mysql,docker,root 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/rookie-lhh/p/15465818.html