Ansible的hoc命令行以及常用模块
作者:互联网
ansible的ad hoc命令行格式:
ansible <host-pattern> -i <inventory path> -m <moudle> -a <moudle argument>
<host-pattern> :表示 某个主机组或者某个主机
-i 参数后面跟inventory路径,<inventory path>表示inventory路径
-m 参数后面跟模块,比如 shell、command、copy、ping、yum等等
-a 后面跟的是模块的参数
例:
[root@bogon lizf]# ansible test -i /home/lizf/host -m shell -a 'ls /tmp/'
192.168.131.129 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
ansible_command_payload_dM2M60
systemd-private-7daea4ed89884c8ca5fc9f2ca1bd4766-chronyd.service-Xpd1xn
vmware-root_715-4281843213
ansible基础模块使用:
ansible-doc -l 列出当前系统中所有的ansible模块
当你想查看某一个模块的用法时,可以用ansible-doc <模块名称>,当然查看到的都是playbook格式的操作。
下面列出一下常用的ansible模块以及用法:
命令模块: command、shell
文件模块:copy、fetch、lineinfile
用户模块:user、group
定时任务模块:cron
安装模块:yum
压缩解压模块:unarchive
服务模块:service
挂载模块:mount
command
适合使用简单的命令 无法支持"<",">","|",";","&"等符号,如果ansible命令不加-m参数,默认就使用command模块
[root@bogon lizf]# ansible test -i host -m command -a 'hostname'
192.168.131.129 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
bogon
shell
类似command模块升级版—万能模块,可以写shell命令,可以使用"<",">","|",";","&"等符号特殊符号
[root@bogon lizf]# ansible test -i host -m shell -a 'egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config'
192.168.131.129 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys
PasswordAuthentication yes
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPICleanupCredentials no
UsePAM yes
X11Forwarding yes
AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE
AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS
Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server
copy
copy模块是常用的文件拷贝模块,后面可以加很多的参数
src 指定需要将本地拷贝的文件路径
dest 需要拷贝到目标主机的路径
mode 设置拷贝到目标主机的权限
group 设置拷贝文件的属组信息
owner 设置拷贝文件的属主用户信息
force 当设置为yes时,如果目标主机有同名的文件,将会覆盖;设置为no时则原文件不会做改变
backup 默认为no,当设置为yes时,如果目标主机有同名的文件时,先备份原文件,然后再覆盖
[root@bogon lizf]# ansible test -i /home/lizf/host -m copy -a 'src=/home/lizf/host dest=/home/ mode=0777 owner=lizf group=lizf backup=yes'
192.168.131.129 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "ae983bbcb03c06e321b54652af1a0b43a14628d5",
"dest": "/home/host",
"gid": 1000,
"group": "lizf",
"md5sum": "a3fb8ee7823ccf7ca7b5af22279f0ce6",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "lizf",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_dir_t:s0",
"size": 24,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1628262316.65-245400100393655/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 1000
}
[root@bogon lizf]# ansible test -i /home/lizf/host -m shell -a 'ls -l /home/'
192.168.131.129 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
总用量 4
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 lizf lizf 24 8月 6 23:05 host
drwx------. 3 lizf lizf 132 8月 5 00:04 lizf
fetch
抓取文件到ansible主机
src : 被管理主机中文件的路径
dest :ansible主机要保存的文件路径
[root@bogon lizf]# ansible test -i /home/lizf/host -m fetch -a 'src=/tmp/xiaozhi.txt dest=/home/lizf/'
192.168.131.129 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
"dest": "/home/lizf/192.168.131.129/tmp/xiaozhi.txt",
"md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e",
"remote_checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
[root@bogon lizf]# tree -n 5 /home/
5 [error opening dir]
/home/
├── ansible.cfg
├── lizf
│ ├── 192.168.131.129
│ │ ├── tmp
│ │ │ └── xiaozhi.txt
│ │ └── var
│ │ └── log
│ │ └── messages
│ └── host
└── xiaozhi
标签:hoc,ansible,命令行,host,Ansible,lizf,模块,home,LC 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaozhi1223/p/15101290.html