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OSPF重发布

作者:互联网

要求:
1.如图搭建网络拓扑,所有路由器各自创建一个环回接口,合理规划IP地址
2.R1-R2-R3-R4-R6之间使用OSPF协议,R4- R5-R6之间使用RIP协议
3.R1环回重发布方式引入OSPF网络
4.R4/R6上进行双点双向重发布
5.分析网络中出现路由环路的原因
6.路由优化,全网可达

 

R1环回重发布方式引入OSPF网络 

在R1上写route-policy列表重发布R1UBRL0空的环回

[r1-route-policy]if-ma	
[r1-route-policy]if-match int lo0
[r1-route-policy]q
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]imp	
[r1-ospf-1]import-route dir rou	
[r1-ospf-1]import-route dir route-policy ccie
[r1-ospf-1]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
ospf 1 router-id 91.1.1.1 
 import-route direct route-policy ccie
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 
 area 0.0.0.1 
#
return

 

[r1]dis ospf lsdb

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 91.1.1.1
		 Link State Database 

		         Area: 0.0.0.0
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    94.4.4.4        94.4.4.4          1349  48    80000004       0
 Router    92.2.2.2        92.2.2.2          1471  60    8000000B       0
 Router    96.6.6.6        96.6.6.6          1283  48    80000004       0
 Router    91.1.1.1        91.1.1.1            50  36    80000004       1
 Router    93.3.3.3        93.3.3.3          1280  72    8000000E       0
 Network   10.1.5.1        93.3.3.3          1280  32    80000002       0
 Network   10.1.3.1        93.3.3.3          1353  32    80000002       0
 Network   10.1.2.1        92.2.2.2          1618  32    80000002       0
 Network   10.1.1.2        92.2.2.2          1471  32    80000002       0
 
		         Area: 0.0.0.1

		 AS External Database
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 External  1.1.1.0         91.1.1.1            50  36    80000001       1

 R4/R6上进行双点双向重发布

[r4]rip
[r4-rip-1]im	
[r4-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r4-rip-1]ospf 1
[r4-ospf-1]om	
[r4-ospf-1]im	
[r4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r6]ospf 
[r6-ospf-1]im	
[r6-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r6-ospf-1]
[r6-ospf-1]rip
[r6-rip-1]im	
[r6-rip-1]import-route  ospf 1
[r6-rip-1]

 

在R3上学习到了R5R6的路由信息

R3的路由表

[r3]dis ospf lsdb 

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 93.3.3.3
		 Link State Database 

		         Area: 0.0.0.0
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    94.4.4.4        94.4.4.4           737  48    80000008       0
 Router    92.2.2.2        92.2.2.2          1387  60    8000000E       0
 Router    96.6.6.6        96.6.6.6           493  48    80000008       0
 Router    91.1.1.1        91.1.1.1          1767  36    80000006       1
 Router    93.3.3.3        93.3.3.3          1194  72    80000011       0
 Network   10.1.5.1        93.3.3.3          1194  32    80000005       0
 Network   10.1.3.1        93.3.3.3          1266  32    80000005       0
 Network   10.1.2.1        92.2.2.2          1534  32    80000005       0
 Network   10.1.1.2        92.2.2.2          1387  32    80000005       0
 

		 AS External Database
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 External  6.6.6.0         96.6.6.6           493  36    80000003       1
 External  4.4.4.0         94.4.4.4           737  36    80000003       1
 External  5.0.0.0         94.4.4.4           737  36    80000003       1
 External  5.0.0.0         96.6.6.6           493  36    80000003       1
 External  10.1.6.0        94.4.4.4           737  36    80000003       1
 External  10.1.6.0        96.6.6.6           493  36    80000003       1
 External  10.1.4.0        94.4.4.4           737  36    80000003       1
 External  10.1.4.0        96.6.6.6           493  36    80000003       1
 External  10.1.5.0        96.6.6.6           493  36    80000003       1
 External  10.1.3.0        94.4.4.4           737  36    80000003       1
 External  1.1.1.0         91.1.1.1          1767  36    80000003       1

 

 这样做双点双向重发布一定会出环,这是R3的路由表1.1.1.0/24的下一跳本应该是10.1.1.1但是在R3的路由表上却是10.1.2.1的下一跳。1.1.1.0/24作为在R1重发布的路由优先级本应该是150在R4上通过重发布进入了rip但是在R6通过RIP学习到的R1环回比150小所以在R6上吧原有的ospf路由信息删除了又通过R6上的重发布把R1的环回以外部路由重新发布到ospf当中所以优先级又变为150但此时R3和R6的cost的值是1所以产生了环路这里的cost值本应该是R1-R3的也就是COST=2所以因为路由回馈出现了环路。

 再就是出现本不应该有的负载均衡

 

 在 R6上

[r6]route-policy hcip permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r6-route-policy]if-	
[r6-route-policy]if-match ip 	
[r6-route-policy]if-match ip-	
[r6-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix hcip
[r6-route-policy]app	
[r6-route-policy]apply cost 100
[r6-route-policy]rou	
[r6-route-policy]q
[r6]rou	
[r6]route-	
[r6]route-policy hcip per	
[r6]route-policy hcip permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r6-route-policy]q
[r6]rip
[r6-rip-1]im	
[r6-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 ro	
[r6-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 route-policy hcip

在R5上查看10.1.4.0是否还存在负载均衡 

原来

4.0.0.0/8   RIP     100  1           D   10.1.4.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    RIP     100  1           D   10.1.6.1        GigabitEthernet

现在 

10.1.4.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.4.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

在R4上增加metric值

rror: Wrong parameter found at '^' position.
[r4]acl 2000
[r4-acl-basic-2000]ru	
[r4-acl-basic-2000]rule pe	
[r4-acl-basic-2000]rule permit so	
[r4-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 10.1.5.0 0
[r4-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip me	
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metric	
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout 2000 100
                                            ^
Error: Wrong parameter found at '^' position.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout 2000 3

原来


       10.1.5.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.1.6.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    RIP     100  1           D   10.1.4.1        GigabitEthernet

现在

 10.1.5.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.1.6.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

 R3的负载均衡

 

 R3上用route-policy

[r4]ip ip-	
[r4]ip ip-prefix aa pe	
[r4]ip ip-prefix aa permit 5.0.0.0 8
[r4]ip ip-prefix aa permit 10.1.6.0 24
[r4]rou	
[r4]route-	
[r4]route-policy  aa pe	
[r4]route-policy  aa permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]if-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix aa
[r4-route-policy]app	
[r4-route-policy]apply co	
[r4-route-policy]q
[r4] undo ip ip-prefix aa permit 10.1.6.0 24
                         ^
Error:Too many parameters found at '^' position.
[r4]undo ip ip-prefix aa 
[r4]ip ip	
[r4]ip ip-	
[r4]ip ip-prefix c1 pe	
[r4]ip ip-prefix c1 permit 5.0.0.0 8
[r4]ip ip-prefix c2 permit 10.1.6.0 24
[r4]rou	
[r4]route-	
[r4]route-policy c pe	
[r4]route-policy c permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]if-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix c1
[r4-route-policy]ap	
[r4-route-policy]apply c	
[r4-route-policy]apply cos	
[r4-route-policy]apply cost-type t	
[r4-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[r4-route-policy]q
[r4]ro	
[r4]route-policy c pe	
[r4]route-policy c permit  node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]if-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip -p	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix  c2
[r4-route-policy]a	
[r4-route-policy]applycos	
[r4-route-policy]apply cos	
[r4-route-policy]apply cost-type t	
[r4-route-policy]apply cost 3
[r4-route-policy]q
[r4]ro	
[r4]route-policy c pe	
[r4]route-policy c permit  node 30
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]q
[r4]ospf
[r4-ospf-1]im	
[r4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 ro	
[r4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy c
[r4-ospf-1]q
[r4]dis ip r	
[r4]dis ip rd-filter
[r4]dis ip rou	
[r4]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 23       Routes : 23       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        2.2.2.2/32  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        3.3.3.3/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        4.4.4.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   4.4.4.4         LoopBack0
        4.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      4.4.4.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        5.0.0.0/8   RIP     100  1           D   10.1.4.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        6.6.6.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        6.6.6.6/32  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.1.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.2.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.3.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     10.1.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.4.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.4.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       10.1.4.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     10.1.4.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       10.1.5.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.6.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.1.4.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[r4]ip ip-	
[r4]ip ip-prefix c3 pe	
[r4]ip ip-prefix c3 permit 10.1.4.0 24
[r4]rou	
[r4]route-	
[r4]route-policy c per	
[r4]route-policy c permit node 30
Info: You are overwriting this sequence.
[r4-route-policy]if-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-	
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix c3
[r4-route-policy]apply cost 3
[r4-route-policy]q

原来 

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 26       Routes : 29       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.2.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        2.2.2.2/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.2.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   3.3.3.3         LoopBack0
        3.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      3.3.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        4.4.4.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        4.4.4.4/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        5.0.0.0/8   O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        6.6.6.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        6.6.6.6/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.1.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.2.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.2.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     10.1.2.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       10.1.3.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     10.1.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       10.1.4.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.5.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.5.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.5.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
     10.1.5.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.6.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

路由优化后

Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 25       Routes : 25       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.2.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        2.2.2.2/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.2.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   3.3.3.3         LoopBack0
        3.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      3.3.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        4.4.4.4/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        5.0.0.0/8   O_ASE   150  2           D   10.1.3.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        6.6.6.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        6.6.6.6/32  OSPF    10   1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.1.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.2.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.2.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     10.1.2.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       10.1.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.3.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       10.1.3.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     10.1.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       10.1.4.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.5.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.5.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.5.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
     10.1.5.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       10.1.6.0/24  O_ASE   150  1           D   10.1.5.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
  ---- More ----

1.1.1.0的下一跳恢复正常,实验完成。

标签:10.1,r4,32,route,GigabitEthernet,发布,policy,OSPF
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/helloword1997/article/details/119297319